Staphylococcus aureus resistente à meticilina: avaliação em instituição de longa permanência para idosos
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Data
2018-07-31
Autores
Florentino, Anelvira de Oliveira
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
INTRODUÇÃO: O Staphylococcus aureus resistente à meticilina (MRSA) é um importante patógeno envolvido nas infecções hospitalares, apresentando elevados índices de morbimortalidade. O aumento e a gravidade dos casos, tem gerado diversos estudos abordando sua epidemiologia em instituições de longa permanência para idoso (ILPI). Diante disso, torna-se necessário conhecer a realidade do perfil de sensibilidade antimicrobiana das cepas de S.aureus. OBJETIVO: Analisar a colonização nasal por MRSA; identificar os principais fatores associados para o desenvolvimento de MRSA; enfatizar a importância de ações de educação em saúde que resultem em minimização de infecções. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Foi realizada uma pesquisa descritiva, transversal e de campo com abordagem quantitativa. O estudo foi desenvolvido em uma instituição de longa permanência, localizada na cidade de Botucatu no interior de São Paulo. A coleta de swab nasal foi realizada em dois períodos: março e junho/17 e enviada para o laboratório de microbiologia. A coleta ocorreu em dois períodos, avaliando se os casos positivos permaneceriam ou diminuiriam, devido alteração no período sazonal. RESULTADOS: Os resultados mostraram que dos 55 coletados, cinco deram positivo para MRSA. Desses cinco, quatro ficaram internados com uso de sondas e antibióticos. Portanto, 80% que adquiriu a bactéria, estiveram internados; 20% passou por atendimento hospitalar e internação. A chance de não ter bactéria entre os coletados foi de 9,989, e a chance de ter a bactéria é de 0,098. Assim, a chance de quem foi internado é de 16 vezes maior de adquirir a bactéria. CONCLUSÃO: Concluiu-se que alguns fatores de risco contribuíram para carreamento do MRSA, como: idade mais avançada, hospitalizações, residência em ILPI e a variável de infecção trato urinário.
INTRODUCTION: Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is an important pathogen involved in hospital infections, presenting high morbidity and mortality rates. The increase and severity of the cases has generated several studies addressing its epidemiology in long-term institutions (ILL). Therefore, it is necessary to know the reality of the antimicrobial susceptibility profile of MRSA strains. OBJECTIVE: To analyze MRSA colonization by its resistance to methicillin; identify the key factors associated with the development of MRSA; emphasize the importance of health education actions that result in the minimization of infections. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A descriptive, cross - sectional and field research with a quantitative approach was carried out. The study was developed in a long-term institution, located in the city of Botucatu in the interior of São Paulo. Nasal swab collection was performed in two periods: March and June / 17 and sent to the microbiology laboratory. The collection took place in two periods, evaluating if the positive cases would remain or would decrease, due to alteration in the seasonal period. RESULTS: The results showed that of the 55 collected, five tested positive for MRSA. Of these five, four were hospitalized with probes and antibiotics. Therefore, 80% who acquired the bacterium were hospitalized; 20% went through hospital care and hospitalization. The chance of not having bacteria among those collected was 9,989, and the chance of having the bacterium is 0.098. Thus, the chance of the hospitalized is 16 times greater to acquire the bacterium. CONCLUSION: It was concluded that some risk factors contributed to the onset of MRSA, such as: older age, hospitalizations, residence in ILPI and the urinary tract infection variable.
INTRODUCTION: Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is an important pathogen involved in hospital infections, presenting high morbidity and mortality rates. The increase and severity of the cases has generated several studies addressing its epidemiology in long-term institutions (ILL). Therefore, it is necessary to know the reality of the antimicrobial susceptibility profile of MRSA strains. OBJECTIVE: To analyze MRSA colonization by its resistance to methicillin; identify the key factors associated with the development of MRSA; emphasize the importance of health education actions that result in the minimization of infections. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A descriptive, cross - sectional and field research with a quantitative approach was carried out. The study was developed in a long-term institution, located in the city of Botucatu in the interior of São Paulo. Nasal swab collection was performed in two periods: March and June / 17 and sent to the microbiology laboratory. The collection took place in two periods, evaluating if the positive cases would remain or would decrease, due to alteration in the seasonal period. RESULTS: The results showed that of the 55 collected, five tested positive for MRSA. Of these five, four were hospitalized with probes and antibiotics. Therefore, 80% who acquired the bacterium were hospitalized; 20% went through hospital care and hospitalization. The chance of not having bacteria among those collected was 9,989, and the chance of having the bacterium is 0.098. Thus, the chance of the hospitalized is 16 times greater to acquire the bacterium. CONCLUSION: It was concluded that some risk factors contributed to the onset of MRSA, such as: older age, hospitalizations, residence in ILPI and the urinary tract infection variable.
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Palavras-chave
Staphylococcus aureus, Resistência à meticilina, Instituição de Longa Permanência, Ações de educação, Resistance to methicillin, Long-term institutions, Education actions