Análise comparativa quanto ao trabalho materno remunerado ou não: interação com bebê, tempo de cuidado e crenças
Carregando...
Data
2018-08-29
Autores
Cunha, Érica Vidal da
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Na sociedade atual, o trabalho se configura como um dos fatores que podem influenciar a relação entre mãe e criança. Deste modo, verificou-se a necessidade de realizar essa pesquisa com o objetivo de descrever, comparar e relacionar a interação mãe-bebê, tempo de cuidado, rede de apoio e crenças de mães que trabalhavam fora e mães que não trabalhavam fora. Para responder aos objetivos esse trabalho foi dividido em três estudos que contaram com a participação de 16 díades mãe-bebê, sendo oito mães que exerciam atividade remunerada fora de casa e oito mães que não a exerciam. Os instrumentos utilizados foram o Questionário de Caracterização do Sistema Familiar Versão – Pais ou Responsável, o Protocolo de Avaliação da Interação Diádica – Adaptado, o Protocolo de Atividade Diária e entrevista sobre Crenças Maternas. O estudo um, “Mães que exercem ou não atividade remunerada: qualidade da interação com o bebê”, apontou que as mães que trabalhavam fora estimulavam cognitivamente mais e realizavam maior diversidade de atividades com seus filhos do que as mães que não trabalhavam fora. No estudo dois, “Mães que exercem ou não atividade remunerada: tempo de cuidado com o bebê, divisão de tarefas domésticas e rede de apoio”, verificou-se que mães que não trabalhavam dedicavam mais tempo ao filho durante os dias da semana enquanto o grupo que trabalhava dedicava mais tempo aos finais de semana. Destaca-se que as mães que trabalhavam praticamente não realizavam atividade de lazer sem os filhos, o que ocorria no outro grupo. Os dados demonstraram que as atividades relacionadas ao bebê têm sido divididas com o parceiro, enquanto os afazeres domésticos ainda são predominantemente realizados pelas mulheres. Nesse contexto a avó foi apontada como importante fonte de apoio. Finalmente, no estudo três, “Crenças sobre a maternidade, o desenvolvimento do bebê e o trabalho”, verificou-se que o estímulo e a convivência foram relatados, respectivamente, pelas mães que não trabalhavam e mães que trabalhavam, como fator preponderante para o desenvolvimento do bebê. Sentimentos de competência foram relatados mais vezes por mães que estavam fora do mercado de trabalho. Em relação ao trabalho, realização pessoal e profissional foram citadas por ambos os grupos como fatores que dão significado ao trabalho, sendo esse aspecto apontado mesmo por mães que no momento não estavam no mercado de trabalho. Essa pesquisa contribui com a literatura na medida em que indica a existência de benefícios na relação entre trabalho e maternidade, tanto para os bebês quanto para as mães, desmistificando a concepção de que este prejudica a relação das mães com seus filhos.
Today, work is one of the factors that can influence the relationship between mother and child. Thus, it was necessary to carry out this research to describe, compare and relate the mother-baby interaction, care time, support network and beliefs of working mothers and mothers who did not work outside. To respond to the objectives, this study was divided in three studies that had the participation of 16 mother-infant dyads, of which eight mothers were engaged in paid work outside the home and eight mothers who did not exercise paid work. The instruments used were the Family - Based or Parent - Family Version Characterization Questionnaire, the Adapted - Diadical Interaction Assessment Protocol, the Daily Activity Protocol and the Maternal Beliefs interview. The study one: Mothers who exercise or not paid activity: quality of interaction with the baby, pointed out that working mothers stimulated more cognitively and performed more diversity of activities with their children than mothers who did not work outside. In study two: mothers with or without paid activity: baby care time, division of household tasks and support network, non-working mothers were found to spend more time on their child during the days of the week while the group that worked harder on weekends. It is noteworthy that working mothers practically did not perform leisure activities without their children, which occurred in the other group. The data demonstrated that baby-related activities have been split with the partner, while household chores are still predominantly performed by women. In this context the grandmother was pointed out as an important source of support. Finally, in study three: Beliefs about motherhood, baby development and work, it was verified that the stimulus and coexistence were reported, respectively, by mothers who did not work and mothers who worked, as a preponderant factor for the development of the drink. Feelings of competence were reported more often by mothers who were out of the job market. Regarding work, personal and professional achievement were cited by both groups as factors that give meaning to work, this aspect was pointed out even by mothers who were not currently in the labor market. This research contributes to the literature insofar as it indicates the existence of benefits in the relation between work and motherhood, both for the babies and for the mothers, demystifying the conception of this would harm the relation of the mothers with their children.
Today, work is one of the factors that can influence the relationship between mother and child. Thus, it was necessary to carry out this research to describe, compare and relate the mother-baby interaction, care time, support network and beliefs of working mothers and mothers who did not work outside. To respond to the objectives, this study was divided in three studies that had the participation of 16 mother-infant dyads, of which eight mothers were engaged in paid work outside the home and eight mothers who did not exercise paid work. The instruments used were the Family - Based or Parent - Family Version Characterization Questionnaire, the Adapted - Diadical Interaction Assessment Protocol, the Daily Activity Protocol and the Maternal Beliefs interview. The study one: Mothers who exercise or not paid activity: quality of interaction with the baby, pointed out that working mothers stimulated more cognitively and performed more diversity of activities with their children than mothers who did not work outside. In study two: mothers with or without paid activity: baby care time, division of household tasks and support network, non-working mothers were found to spend more time on their child during the days of the week while the group that worked harder on weekends. It is noteworthy that working mothers practically did not perform leisure activities without their children, which occurred in the other group. The data demonstrated that baby-related activities have been split with the partner, while household chores are still predominantly performed by women. In this context the grandmother was pointed out as an important source of support. Finally, in study three: Beliefs about motherhood, baby development and work, it was verified that the stimulus and coexistence were reported, respectively, by mothers who did not work and mothers who worked, as a preponderant factor for the development of the drink. Feelings of competence were reported more often by mothers who were out of the job market. Regarding work, personal and professional achievement were cited by both groups as factors that give meaning to work, this aspect was pointed out even by mothers who were not currently in the labor market. This research contributes to the literature insofar as it indicates the existence of benefits in the relation between work and motherhood, both for the babies and for the mothers, demystifying the conception of this would harm the relation of the mothers with their children.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Trabalho, Maternidade, Interação, Cuidado, Crenças, Work, Motherhood, Interaction, Care, Beliefs