Modelos de minimização de biomassa residual
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Data
2002-12-01
Autores
Sartori, Maria Márcia Pereira [UNESP]
Florentino, Helenice de Oliveira [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Instituto Agronômico de Campinas
Resumo
No Brasil, a biomassa residual do cultivo de cana-de-açúcar é representada por folhas, palhas, ponteiros e frações de colmo que somam uma produção aproximada de 108 milhões de toneladas por ano; quantidade que permitiria a produção de 10,2 MWh de energia. Existem muitas cultivares como opção de plantio resultantes de programas de melhoramento visando à resistência a pragas, a doenças e à adaptação ao tipo de solo, cuja escolha é feita em virtude da produtividade física, bem como da produção de sacarose. Essa seleção pode ser auxiliada por modelos de otimização, visando minimizar a quantidade de resíduo de colheita, com ou sem imposições sobre a quantidade de energia obtida da biomassa. Pode, também, ser auxiliada pela maximização da quantidade de energia da biomassa residual com imposições sobre a quantidade de resíduo a ser gerada. A decisão sobre qual modelo deve ser usado é determinada pelo administrador da empresa com auxílio de alguns critérios. O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar três modelos e o lucro alcançado com o uso da energia gerada por essa biomassa. Os resultados indicaram o modelo III, que prevê a maximização da geração de energia pela biomassa na escolha de cultivares, considerando a área disponível para o plantio, a produção de sacarose e a produção de biomassa em quatro anos de cultivo. O lucro obtido com o uso desse modelo foi calculado em 939 US$/ha.ano.
In Brazil, the residual biomass of the sugarcane cultivation is represented by leaves, straw, tips and stalk fractions that together represent a production of about 108 million tons per year. Such amount could allow the production of 10.2 MWh of energy. There are many sugarcane cultivars resulting from improvement programs seeking resistance to pests, diseases and adaptation to the soil type. Their choice is made in function of the physical productivity as well as the sucrose production. That selection can be aided by optimization models, seeking to minimize the amount of crop residue with or without impositions about the amount of obtained energy from the biomass. It can also be aided by the maximization of the amount of energy of the residual biomass with impositions on the amount of residue to be generated. The decision on which model should be used is determined by the company administrator. Such decision can be made with aid of some approaches. The objective of this work is to present the profit in the use of the energy generated by that biomass as a decision criteria in the choice of the models. The results indicated the model III, that foresees the maximization of energy generation from the biomass with choice of cultivars taking into account the available area for the plantation, the sucrose production and the biomass production in four years of cultivation. The profit with the use of that model was calculated as being 939 US$/ha.year.
In Brazil, the residual biomass of the sugarcane cultivation is represented by leaves, straw, tips and stalk fractions that together represent a production of about 108 million tons per year. Such amount could allow the production of 10.2 MWh of energy. There are many sugarcane cultivars resulting from improvement programs seeking resistance to pests, diseases and adaptation to the soil type. Their choice is made in function of the physical productivity as well as the sucrose production. That selection can be aided by optimization models, seeking to minimize the amount of crop residue with or without impositions about the amount of obtained energy from the biomass. It can also be aided by the maximization of the amount of energy of the residual biomass with impositions on the amount of residue to be generated. The decision on which model should be used is determined by the company administrator. Such decision can be made with aid of some approaches. The objective of this work is to present the profit in the use of the energy generated by that biomass as a decision criteria in the choice of the models. The results indicated the model III, that foresees the maximization of energy generation from the biomass with choice of cultivars taking into account the available area for the plantation, the sucrose production and the biomass production in four years of cultivation. The profit with the use of that model was calculated as being 939 US$/ha.year.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
resíduo de colheita, otimização, cana-de-açúcar, crop residue, optimization, sugarcane
Como citar
Bragantia. Instituto Agronômico de Campinas, v. 61, n. 3, p. 297-303, 2002.