Influência de um feedback sobre os níveis de atividade física de indivíduos tabagistas
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Data
2018-02-26
Autores
Lima, Mariana Belon Previatto de [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O tabagismo associado à inatividade física tem efeito direto sobre a qualidade de vida. O feedback de incentivo influencia os níveis de atividade física diária, esta reduz experiências negativas que acompanham o processo de cessação. Objetivos: Avaliar a influência do feedback sobre os níveis de atividade física, abstinência, capacidade funcional, modulação autonômica cardíaca, composição corporal e qualidade de vida de tabagistas abstinentes, bem como correlacionar a qualidade de vida qualidade com a carga tabagística e o nível de dependência nicotínica. Métodos: Tabagistas foram randomizados em dois grupos (grupo feedback – GF, grupo controle – GC) e avaliados quanto aos níveis de atividade física pela acelerometria, qualidade de vida pelo SF-36, níveis de dependência e carga tabagística pelo questionário de Fagerström, capacidade funcional pelo TC6, modulação autonômica cardíaca pela variabilidade da frequência cardíaca e composição corporal por bioimpedância elétrica, nos momentos basal, primeira, quarta e oitava semana de abstinência. Resultados: Não foi possível observar diferença entre grupos para nenhuma das variáveis avaliadas. Para ambos os grupos houve diminuição nos passos/dias (p=0,002), na porcentagem de atividade moderada (p<0,001) e no tempo em atividade moderada a vigorosa (p=0,01), aumento do tempo em atividade sedentária (p=0,001) e sua porcentagem (p=0,005). Aumento dos scores de limitação por aspectos físicos (p=0,002), estado geral de saúde (p=0,001) e saúde mental (p=0,001) na qualidade de vida. Houve aumento do peso (p<0,001), IMC (p<0,001), massa de gordura (p=0,003) e gordura visceral (p=0,004) ao longo de oito semanas. A carga tabagística apresentou correlação negativa com vitalidade (p=0,009) e estado geral de saúde (p=0,02), assim como o grau de dependência à nicotina apresentou correlação negativa com score do domínio da capacidade funcional (p=0,004). Conclusão: Apesar da utilização de feedback, houve piora dos níveis de atividade física e da composição corporal e manutenção da capacidade funcional e modulação autonômica cardíaca. Não foi observada diferença entre os grupos nas taxas de abstinência, no entanto, houve melhora da qualidade de vida, ao longo de oito semanas. A carga tabagística e grau de dependência à nicotina estão relacionados à pior qualidade de vida em tabagistas.
Smoking associated with physical inactivity has a direct effect on quality of life. Incentive feedback influences levels of daily physical activity, which reduces negative experiences that follow the cessation process. Objectives: Evaluate the influence of feedback on physical activity levels, abstinence, functional capacity, autonomic cardiac modulation, body composition and quality of life of abstinent smokers, as well as correlating the quality of life quality with the smoking load and the level of nicotine dependence. Methods: Smokers were randomized into two groups (feedback group - GF, control group - GC) and evaluated for physical activity levels by accelerometry, quality of life by SF-36, dependence levels and smoking load by the Fagerström questionnaire, functional by TC6, autonomic cardiac modulation by heart rate variability and body composition by electrical bioimpedance, at baseline, first, fourth and eighth week of abstinence. Results: There was no difference between groups for any of the evaluated variables. For both groups, there was a decrease in the steps / days (p = 0.002), the moderate activity (p <0.001) and the time in moderate to vigorous activity (p = 0.01), increase in sedentary activity time = 0.001) and its percentage (p = 0.005). Increased scores on physical aspects (p = 0.002), general health (p = 0.001) and mental health (p = 0.001) on quality of life. There was an increase in weight (p <0.001), BMI (p <0.001), fat mass (p = 0.003) and visceral fat (p = 0.004) over eight weeks. The smoking load had a negative correlation with vitality (p = 0.009) and general health status (p = 0.02), as well as the degree of nicotine dependence, which showed a negative correlation with functional capacity domain score (p = 0.004). Conclusion: Despite the use of feedback, there was worsening of levels of physical activity and body composition and maintenance of functional capacity and autonomic cardiac modulation. No difference was observed between the groups in the abstinence rates. However, there was an improvement in the quality of life over the course of eight weeks. The smoking load and degree of nicotine dependence are related to poorer quality of life in smokers.
Smoking associated with physical inactivity has a direct effect on quality of life. Incentive feedback influences levels of daily physical activity, which reduces negative experiences that follow the cessation process. Objectives: Evaluate the influence of feedback on physical activity levels, abstinence, functional capacity, autonomic cardiac modulation, body composition and quality of life of abstinent smokers, as well as correlating the quality of life quality with the smoking load and the level of nicotine dependence. Methods: Smokers were randomized into two groups (feedback group - GF, control group - GC) and evaluated for physical activity levels by accelerometry, quality of life by SF-36, dependence levels and smoking load by the Fagerström questionnaire, functional by TC6, autonomic cardiac modulation by heart rate variability and body composition by electrical bioimpedance, at baseline, first, fourth and eighth week of abstinence. Results: There was no difference between groups for any of the evaluated variables. For both groups, there was a decrease in the steps / days (p = 0.002), the moderate activity (p <0.001) and the time in moderate to vigorous activity (p = 0.01), increase in sedentary activity time = 0.001) and its percentage (p = 0.005). Increased scores on physical aspects (p = 0.002), general health (p = 0.001) and mental health (p = 0.001) on quality of life. There was an increase in weight (p <0.001), BMI (p <0.001), fat mass (p = 0.003) and visceral fat (p = 0.004) over eight weeks. The smoking load had a negative correlation with vitality (p = 0.009) and general health status (p = 0.02), as well as the degree of nicotine dependence, which showed a negative correlation with functional capacity domain score (p = 0.004). Conclusion: Despite the use of feedback, there was worsening of levels of physical activity and body composition and maintenance of functional capacity and autonomic cardiac modulation. No difference was observed between the groups in the abstinence rates. However, there was an improvement in the quality of life over the course of eight weeks. The smoking load and degree of nicotine dependence are related to poorer quality of life in smokers.
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Palavras-chave
Tabagismo, Qualidade de vida, Feedback, Smoking, Quality of life