Influência das lactonas macrocíclicas utilizadas em bovinos no desenvolvimento de microrganismos e decomposição das fezes
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Data
2018-03-05
Autores
Morello, Amábile França
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Os parasitos influenciam de maneira significativa a bovinocultura no Brasil, sendo a aplicação de endectocidas da família das lactonas macrocíclicas umas das formas mais utilizadas para o controle, porém podem proporcionar contaminação ao ambiente, visto que sua eliminação é principalmente via fezes e urina. Com isto, este trabalho objetivou verificar o desenvolvimento de microrganismos edáficos e a decomposição das fezes de bovinos ao longo do tempo após o tratamento com diferentes lactonas macrocíclicas. Foram avaliadas as fezes de doze animais, divididos em quatro grupos homogêneos, sendo o G1- controle (sem a administração de endectocida), G2-Ivermectina 1%, G3-Ivermectina 3,15% e G4- Moxidectina 1%. As colheitas das fezes dos animais foram realizadas nos dias 0, 7, 14, 21, 28,42 e 56 pós tratamento, e submetidas a três ambientes de decomposição, sendo ambiente controlado (BOD), Natural (NAT): exposto as condições climáticas naturais e enterradas no solo (Solo). Nos dias das cada colheitas e 112 dias após cada colheita, foi realizada a avaliação matéria orgânica. As avaliações da microbiota das fezes foram realizadas nos dias das colheitas e 7 após cada colheita. Observou-se que as ivermectinas em suas duas concentrações (1 e 3,15%) interferiram no desenvolvimento da população microbiana, já a moxidectina 1% não alterou a dinâmica populacional das bactérias, que também não foi influenciada pelo ambiente exposto em nenhum dos tratamento. A decomposição não foi afetada pela utilização de lactonas macrocíclicas, porém a incorporação da matéria orgânica ao solo foi fator determinante para a redução de matéria orgânica.
The parasiticens have a significant influence on cattle breeding in Brazil, being a species of endemic to the family of macrocyclic lactones, the most used forms for control, but are capable of contaminating the atmosphere, since its suction is mainly via feces and urine. This work aimed to verify the development of edaphic microorganisms and a decomposition of bovine faeces over time after treatment with different macrocyclic lactones. The feces of the animals were divided into four homogenous groups: G1-control (endectocide), G2-Ivermectin 1%, G3-Ivermectin 3.15% and G4-Moxidectin 1%. Samples were collected on days 0, 7, 14, 21, 28, 42 and 56, and were submitted to three decomposition environments (BOD), Natural (NAT): natural and buried in soil (Ground). On the days of the harvests and on the 112 days after each harvest, an organic matter evaluation was performed. Fecal microbiota evaluations were performed on the days of harvest and 7 days after each harvest. It was observed that the ivermectins were twice (1 and 3.15%) interfered in the development of the microbial population, since moxidectin 1% did not alter the population dynamics of the bacteria, which was also not influenced by the environment exposed in any of them. The decomposition was not affected by the use of macrocyclic infants, but it was a measure of the physical nature of the soil determining the reduction of organic material.
The parasiticens have a significant influence on cattle breeding in Brazil, being a species of endemic to the family of macrocyclic lactones, the most used forms for control, but are capable of contaminating the atmosphere, since its suction is mainly via feces and urine. This work aimed to verify the development of edaphic microorganisms and a decomposition of bovine faeces over time after treatment with different macrocyclic lactones. The feces of the animals were divided into four homogenous groups: G1-control (endectocide), G2-Ivermectin 1%, G3-Ivermectin 3.15% and G4-Moxidectin 1%. Samples were collected on days 0, 7, 14, 21, 28, 42 and 56, and were submitted to three decomposition environments (BOD), Natural (NAT): natural and buried in soil (Ground). On the days of the harvests and on the 112 days after each harvest, an organic matter evaluation was performed. Fecal microbiota evaluations were performed on the days of harvest and 7 days after each harvest. It was observed that the ivermectins were twice (1 and 3.15%) interfered in the development of the microbial population, since moxidectin 1% did not alter the population dynamics of the bacteria, which was also not influenced by the environment exposed in any of them. The decomposition was not affected by the use of macrocyclic infants, but it was a measure of the physical nature of the soil determining the reduction of organic material.
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Palavras-chave
Endectocidas, Nematódeos, Ruminantes, Ruminants, Nematodes, Endectocides