Estabilidade e formação de planetas terrestres em regiões coorbitais
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Data
2019-02-26
Autores
Mendes, Luana Liberato [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Encontrar um planeta como a Terra fora do Sistema Solar parece ser dificil. Quando olhamos para os dados dos quase 4000 exoplanetas descobertos até o momento vemos que nenhum deles é similar à Terra. Uma alternativa para encontrar um outro planeta como a Terra seria olhar para as regiões coorbitais dos exoplanetas gigantes, sendo que sistemas coorbitais podem ser descritos como os sistemas onde dois ou mais corpos compartilham uma mesma órbita média. Nosso objetivo neste trabalho é formar um planeta com a massa da Terra que seja coorbital a um corpo bastante massivo, como um planeta gigante ou uma anã marrom. Para isso nós fizemos várias simulações utilizando o pacote Mercury de integração numérica para o problema de N-corpos. Com os resultados analisamos como a razão de massa do sistema e a separação entre os corpos afetam a região de estabilidade coorbital, e então determinamos seus limites radial e angular. Tendo a região de estabilidade coorbital bem definida para cada um dos sistemas estudados, nós fizemos novas simulações numéricas distribuindo dentro da região de estabilidade coorbital 500 planetesimais que cujas massas somadas totalizam 2 ou 3M⊕. Nossos resultados mostraram que é possível formar planetas terrestres com massas iguais ou maiores que a da Terra nas regiões coorbitais. Esta formação é mais provável para os sistemas cujo corpo secundário possui uma órbita com semi-eixo maior menor que 1ua, sendo que os diferentes valores de razão de massa não afetam o processo de formação planetária nas regiões coorbitais
Finding an Earth-like planet outside Solar System seems to be a difficult task. When we look at the data from the almost 4000 exoplanets discovered until now we see that none of them is similar to our Earth. An alternative to find other planet like Earth would be to look at the co-orbital regions of the giants exoplanets, being that co-orbital systems can be described as those systems where two or more bodies share the same mean orbit. Our main goal in this work is to form a planet co-orbiting with another massive body, like a giant planet, with the same mass of the Earth. To do that we have performed a series of numerical simulations with the package of computational integrators for the N-body problem called Mercury. With the results we have analyzed how the stable co-orbital region is affected by the system’s mass ratio and by the radial separation between bodies, and then we have determined the radial and angular limits of the stable co-orbital region. Having this region well determined for each one of the studied systems, we have performed new numerical simulations distributing 500 planetesimals within the stable co-orbital region, in which the sum of the planetesimals’s masses are equal to 2 or 3MEarth. Our results have shown that it is possible to form terrestrial planets with masses equals or bigger than the Earth’s inside the stable co-orbital regions. This formation is more likely to happen for the systems in which the secondary body has an orbit with semi-major axis smaller than 1au, being that the variety of values of the secondary body’s mass ratio does not affect the planetary formation process inside the stable co-orbital regions
Finding an Earth-like planet outside Solar System seems to be a difficult task. When we look at the data from the almost 4000 exoplanets discovered until now we see that none of them is similar to our Earth. An alternative to find other planet like Earth would be to look at the co-orbital regions of the giants exoplanets, being that co-orbital systems can be described as those systems where two or more bodies share the same mean orbit. Our main goal in this work is to form a planet co-orbiting with another massive body, like a giant planet, with the same mass of the Earth. To do that we have performed a series of numerical simulations with the package of computational integrators for the N-body problem called Mercury. With the results we have analyzed how the stable co-orbital region is affected by the system’s mass ratio and by the radial separation between bodies, and then we have determined the radial and angular limits of the stable co-orbital region. Having this region well determined for each one of the studied systems, we have performed new numerical simulations distributing 500 planetesimals within the stable co-orbital region, in which the sum of the planetesimals’s masses are equal to 2 or 3MEarth. Our results have shown that it is possible to form terrestrial planets with masses equals or bigger than the Earth’s inside the stable co-orbital regions. This formation is more likely to happen for the systems in which the secondary body has an orbit with semi-major axis smaller than 1au, being that the variety of values of the secondary body’s mass ratio does not affect the planetary formation process inside the stable co-orbital regions
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Palavras-chave
Sistemas Coorbitais, Estabilidade Coorbital, Formação Planetária, Planetas – Órbitas, Exoplanetas, Astronomia, Co-orbital systems, Stability, Planetary formation