Ludicidade no ensino de Ciências da Natureza no 1º ano do Ensino Fundamental: ideias e possibilidades
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Data
2019-02-26
Autores
Malmonge, Josilaine Aparecida Pianoschi
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A curiosidade infantil é um fator importante na busca por compreender os fenômenos, a natureza, os objetos e suas transformações. No cotidiano da escola cabe ao professor utilizar suportes para construir e ampliar a compreensão sobre o que acontece ao redor da criança. Nesse sentido, a questão central desse estudo foi: como o ensino de Ciências da Natureza pode ser desenvolvido nos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental - EF com procedimentos lúdicos, despertando interesse e curiosidade nos alunos? A pesquisa desenvolvida teve como objetivo “averiguar de que modo ocorre o uso dos objetos lúdicos no processo de ensino e aprendizado dos alunos de 1º ano do Ensino Fundamental na área de Ciências da Natureza”. Sua execução foi por meio de pesquisa quanti-qualitativa, pesquisa-intervenção, para qual foi objeto de estudo o ensino de Ciências da Natureza no EF, a criança de seis anos e os objetos lúdicos. A bibliografia pesquisada orientou a elaboração dos instrumentos de coleta, registro e análises dos dados para a elaboração, aplicação e análises dos procedimentos realizados em campo. Foram sujeitos desta pesquisa vinte e sete professoras das escolas do EF do Sistema Municipal de Ensino de Bauru. Os dados analisados apontam que há um trabalho que atende às especificidades das crianças em relação ao Ensino de Ciências da Natureza, ainda que sem uso complexo da ludicidade. A pesquisa culminou com a elaboração do livro “Cartola Mágica da Ciência: o uso de objetos lúdicos como recurso no ensino de Ciências da Natureza”.
Childhood curiosity is an important factor in this quest to understand phenomena, nature, objects and their transformations. In the daily life of the school it is up to the teacher to use supports to build and broaden the understanding about what happens around the child. In this sense, the central question of this study was: how can the teaching of natural sciences be developed in the initial years of Elementary Education as playful procedures, arousing interest and curiosity in students? The aim of the research was to "investigate how the use of play objects, such as resources and procedures, occurs in the teaching process of first year students of Elementary School in the area of Natural Sciences." Its execution was through quantitative-qualitative research, action research, in which the study of the Science of Nature in the Elementary School, the six-year-old child and the play objects were studied. The bibliography surveyed guided the elaboration of data collection, recording and analysis tools for the elaboration, application and analysis of the procedures performed in the field. Twenty-seven female teachers from the Elementary Education schools of Bauru's Municipal Education System were subjects of this study. The analyzed data indicate that there is a work that attends to the specificities of the children, in relation to the Teaching of Natural Sciences, although without complex use of playfulness. The research culminated in the elaboration of the book "Magical Science Cart: the use of play objects as a resource in the teaching of the Nature Sciences”.
Childhood curiosity is an important factor in this quest to understand phenomena, nature, objects and their transformations. In the daily life of the school it is up to the teacher to use supports to build and broaden the understanding about what happens around the child. In this sense, the central question of this study was: how can the teaching of natural sciences be developed in the initial years of Elementary Education as playful procedures, arousing interest and curiosity in students? The aim of the research was to "investigate how the use of play objects, such as resources and procedures, occurs in the teaching process of first year students of Elementary School in the area of Natural Sciences." Its execution was through quantitative-qualitative research, action research, in which the study of the Science of Nature in the Elementary School, the six-year-old child and the play objects were studied. The bibliography surveyed guided the elaboration of data collection, recording and analysis tools for the elaboration, application and analysis of the procedures performed in the field. Twenty-seven female teachers from the Elementary Education schools of Bauru's Municipal Education System were subjects of this study. The analyzed data indicate that there is a work that attends to the specificities of the children, in relation to the Teaching of Natural Sciences, although without complex use of playfulness. The research culminated in the elaboration of the book "Magical Science Cart: the use of play objects as a resource in the teaching of the Nature Sciences”.
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Palavras-chave
Criança, 1º ano do Ensino Fundamental, Ensino de Ciências da Natureza, Ludicidade, Child, Elementary School, Teaching of Natural Sciences, Playfulness