Corrupção no Brasil: instrumentalização político-eleitoral indevida de recursos públicos e políticas públicas de combate
Carregando...
Arquivos
Data
2019-03-07
Autores
Caprio, Fernanda Cristina
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
As políticas públicas canalizam as necessidades e interesses dos grupos sociais; refletem o contexto sócio-político-econômico do país, estados e seus municípios; seguem ditames delineados na Carta Magna, na legislação infraconstitucional, na legislação fiscal; são implementadas por agentes políticos e servidores públicos e sofrem influências do segundo e do terceiro setor. No entanto, as políticas públicas sofrem, também, interferência dos interesses do grupo político que domina o cenário eletivo no país, que tem em suas mãos o poder de conduzir a agenda para práticas que podem objetivar a perpetuação do poder. Neste cenário, a influência da corrupção é potencializada. Dados históricos demonstram que a corrupção está presente desde a formação da sociedade brasileira, tendo se apresentado sob diversas modalidades. Diante deste cenário, coube a este estudo avaliar a instrumentalização político-eleitoral indevida de recursos públicos no Brasil. Adotando método de natureza qualitativa, com pesquisa documental e pesquisa bibliográfica, foi realizada análise conceitual de clientelismo e universalismo, bens públicos e bens privados, políticas públicas e benefícios universais específicos, bem como descrição dos instrumentos de participação democrática introduzidos a partir da Constituição Federal de 1988. A seguir, passou-se ao estudo da corrupção ao longo da história do Brasil, com a demonstração do seu desdobramento em diversos mecanismos clientelistas. Seguiu-se estudo sobre a evolução da legislação eleitoral de 2006 a 2018 e sua contribuição na coibição das trocas de bens ou benefícios por votos nas campanhas eleitorais. Passou-se à descrição dos principais casos de corrupção no Brasil a partir do final dos anos 80 até os dias atuais, bem como dos danos sócio-econômicos da corrupção e das iniciativas de políticas públicas de combate. Os resultados obtidos permitiram constatar que a legislação tem importante papel na garantia da preservação e implementação de políticas públicas universalistas no Brasil.
Public policies channel the needs and interests of social groups; reflect the socio-politicaleconomic context of the country, states and their municipalities; follow the dictates outlined in the Constitution, in infra-constitutional legislation, in tax legislation; are implemented by political agents and civil servants and are influenced by the second and third sectors. However, public policies also suffer interference from the interests of the political group that dominates the elective scenario of the country, which has in their hands the power to lead the agenda to practices that aim the perpetuation of power. In this scenario, the influence of corruption is increased. Historical data shows that corruption is present since the formation of the Brazilian society and having been presented in different forms. Given this scenario, this study aimed to evaluate the improper instrumentalization political-electoral of public resources in Brazil. Adopting qualitative methods, using documental e bibliographical researches, was performed a conceptual analysis of clientelism and universalism, public and private goods, public policies and specifics universal benefits, as well as a description of the instruments of democratic participation introduced under the Federal Constitution of 1988. Then a study about the corruption throughout the history of Brazil was performed, demonstrating it unfold in several clientelist mechanisms. This was followed by studies on the evolution of the electoral legislation of 2006 e 2018 an it’s contribution in halting the trading of goods or benefits for votes on campaigns. Next, the research was about the main cases of corruption in Brazil from the late 1980s to present day, as well as the socio-economic damage of corruption and public policy initiatives were described. The results obtained allowed to note that legislation has an important role in ensuring the preservation and implementation of public policies.
Public policies channel the needs and interests of social groups; reflect the socio-politicaleconomic context of the country, states and their municipalities; follow the dictates outlined in the Constitution, in infra-constitutional legislation, in tax legislation; are implemented by political agents and civil servants and are influenced by the second and third sectors. However, public policies also suffer interference from the interests of the political group that dominates the elective scenario of the country, which has in their hands the power to lead the agenda to practices that aim the perpetuation of power. In this scenario, the influence of corruption is increased. Historical data shows that corruption is present since the formation of the Brazilian society and having been presented in different forms. Given this scenario, this study aimed to evaluate the improper instrumentalization political-electoral of public resources in Brazil. Adopting qualitative methods, using documental e bibliographical researches, was performed a conceptual analysis of clientelism and universalism, public and private goods, public policies and specifics universal benefits, as well as a description of the instruments of democratic participation introduced under the Federal Constitution of 1988. Then a study about the corruption throughout the history of Brazil was performed, demonstrating it unfold in several clientelist mechanisms. This was followed by studies on the evolution of the electoral legislation of 2006 e 2018 an it’s contribution in halting the trading of goods or benefits for votes on campaigns. Next, the research was about the main cases of corruption in Brazil from the late 1980s to present day, as well as the socio-economic damage of corruption and public policy initiatives were described. The results obtained allowed to note that legislation has an important role in ensuring the preservation and implementation of public policies.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Corrupção, Clientelismo, Legislação Eleitoral, Políticas Públicas, Democracia, Corruption, Clientelism, Electoral legislation, Public policies, Democracy