Eficácia do treinamento auditivo em indivíduos com gagueira
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Data
2019-04-17
Autores
Viléla, Liliam Barros Franco de Andrade [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A literatura contemporânea específica da área tem mostrado evidências científicas tanto da base neurobiológica da gagueira, como da alta prevalência do transtorno do processamento auditivo central nos indivíduos com gagueira. Considerando que na literatura compilada não foram encontrados trabalhos relacionados ao treinamento auditivo nesta população, este estudo teve como objetivo geral verificar a eficácia do treinamento auditivo em indivíduos com gagueira e com transtorno do processamento auditivo central. Participaram 06 indivíduos com gagueira do desenvolvimento e com distúrbio do processamento auditivo central, de ambos os sexos, com idade entre 8 e 16 anos de idade. Os procedimentos realizados foram: avaliação da fluência da fala, classificação da gravidade da gagueira, avaliação audiológica básica, avaliação do processamento auditivo central, aplicação do programa terapêutico de treinamento auditivo e reavaliação da fluência e do processamento auditivo central. Foi realizada a análise estatística com o teste “t” de Student. Os resultados mostraram que houve maior média de acertos dos testes Padrão de Frequência (TPF) e Padrão de Duração (TPD) para ambas as orelhas. Após o treinamento auditivo ocorreu uma redução estatisticamente significante no teste Random Gap Detection Test Limiar Médio (RGDT_LI). O escores dos concomitantes físicos e o escore total do Instrumento de Gravidade de Gagueira apresentaram redução estatisticamente significante na avaliação da fluência pós-treinamento auditivo. A maioria dos indivíduos (4 de 6 indivíduos - 66,7%) reduziu no mínimo um grau de gravidade da gagueira. Não houve diminuição estatisticamente significante na quantidade de disfluências típicas da gagueira. No entanto, metade da amostra reduziu a quantidade destas disfluências. Conclui-se que o programa mostrou eficácia terapêutica na melhora das habilidades auditivas e propiciou a redução da gravidade da gagueira. Acredita-se que, os resultados auxiliarão na melhor compreensão da relevância do treinamento auditivo nos indivíduos que apresentam a coocorrência de gagueira e transtorno do processamento auditivo central, propiciando uma melhor intervenção a esta população. A terapia que integra a intervenção das habilidades auditivas bem como a promoção da fluência é recomendada para os casos em que o indivíduo apresenta transtorno do processamento auditivo central e gagueira.
Specific contemporary literature in the field has shown scientific evidence in terms of the neurobiological basis of stuttering and the high prevalence of central auditory processing disorder in individuals with stuttering. Regarding that in the compiled literature there were no studies related to auditory training in this population, this study had as general purpose to verify the effectiveness of auditory training in individuals with stuttering and with central auditory processing disorder. Participants were six individuals with developmental stuttering and central auditory processing disorders, both sexes, aged between 8 and 16 years old. The procedures performed were: speech fluency evaluation, classification of stuttering severity, basic audiological assessment, central auditory processing evaluation, application of the therapeutic program of auditory training and fluency and central auditory processing reevaluations. Statistical analysis was performed with Student' t-test. The results showed that there was a higher mean of correct answers of the Pitch Pattern Sequence (PPS) and Duration Pattern Sequence (DPS) tests for both ears. Soon after the auditory training, a statistically significant reduction occurred in the Random Gap Detection Test Average Threshold (RGDT_AT). The physical concomitants scores and total score of the Stuttering Severity Instrument presented a statistically significant reduction in the fluency evaluation post-training auditory. Most individuals (4 of 6 individuals - 66.7%) reduced at least one degree of stuttering severity. There was no statistically significant reduction in the amount of stuttering-like disfluencies. However, half the sample reduced the amount of these disfluencies. It was concluded that the program showed therapeutic efficacy in the improvement of auditory abilities and provided a reduction in the stuttering severity. It is believed that the results will assist in a better understanding of the relevance of auditory training in individuals who present co-occurrence of stuttering and central auditory processing disorder, providing a better intervention for this population. Therapy that integrates auditory intervention as well as promotes fluency is recommended for cases where the individual has central auditory processing disorder and stuttering.
Specific contemporary literature in the field has shown scientific evidence in terms of the neurobiological basis of stuttering and the high prevalence of central auditory processing disorder in individuals with stuttering. Regarding that in the compiled literature there were no studies related to auditory training in this population, this study had as general purpose to verify the effectiveness of auditory training in individuals with stuttering and with central auditory processing disorder. Participants were six individuals with developmental stuttering and central auditory processing disorders, both sexes, aged between 8 and 16 years old. The procedures performed were: speech fluency evaluation, classification of stuttering severity, basic audiological assessment, central auditory processing evaluation, application of the therapeutic program of auditory training and fluency and central auditory processing reevaluations. Statistical analysis was performed with Student' t-test. The results showed that there was a higher mean of correct answers of the Pitch Pattern Sequence (PPS) and Duration Pattern Sequence (DPS) tests for both ears. Soon after the auditory training, a statistically significant reduction occurred in the Random Gap Detection Test Average Threshold (RGDT_AT). The physical concomitants scores and total score of the Stuttering Severity Instrument presented a statistically significant reduction in the fluency evaluation post-training auditory. Most individuals (4 of 6 individuals - 66.7%) reduced at least one degree of stuttering severity. There was no statistically significant reduction in the amount of stuttering-like disfluencies. However, half the sample reduced the amount of these disfluencies. It was concluded that the program showed therapeutic efficacy in the improvement of auditory abilities and provided a reduction in the stuttering severity. It is believed that the results will assist in a better understanding of the relevance of auditory training in individuals who present co-occurrence of stuttering and central auditory processing disorder, providing a better intervention for this population. Therapy that integrates auditory intervention as well as promotes fluency is recommended for cases where the individual has central auditory processing disorder and stuttering.
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Palavras-chave
Fonoaudiologia, Fala, Gagueira, Audição, Percepção auditiva, Testes auditivos, Speech language pathology and audiology, Speech, Stuttering, Hearing, Auditory perception, Hearing tests