A audiodescrição de histórias em quadrinhos: perspectivas semióticas
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Data
2019-05-30
Autores
Caparica, Victor Hugo Cruz [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A audiodescrição é um recurso de acessibilidade destinado à inclusão das pessoas com deficiência visual, e engloba uma série de técnicas que buscam traduzir em palavras os conteúdos imagéticos de diferentes formas de expressão, tais como o cinema, a televisão, o teatro, a fotografia e as artes plásticas. Por se tratarem de práticas essencialmente tradutórias, as diferentes modalidades de audiodescrição possuem, em diversos países, incluindo o Brasil, conjuntos de diretrizes que guiam o trabalho e promovem alguma uniformidade técnica aos produtos finais. Nenhuma dessas diretrizes, no entanto, aborda o processo de audiodescrição de histórias em quadrinhos, deixando essa linguagem sob os parâmetros da descrição de imagens estáticas, o que parece muito pouco apropriado. Este trabalho buscou elaborar um conjunto de diretrizes para a audiodescrição de histórias em quadrinhos, bem como um roteiro de descrição experimental que demonstrasse a viabilidade de tais diretrizes. Para tanto, procurou-se articular fundamentos teóricos sobre a estrutura das histórias em quadrinhos e sobre a semiótica discursiva, estabelecendo diálogos que pudessem oferecer respostas ao problema da reconstrução da significação em diferentes semioses. Como resultado, foi possível observar que, embora a semiótica discursiva tenha apenas contribuições pontuais a oferecer para a problemática da audiodescrição, essas contribuições se mostraram valiosas, lançando luzes sobre questões de ordem prática que as morfologias e tipologias dos quadrinhos não poderiam abordar.
Audiodescription is an accessibility resource aiming at the social inclusion of people with visual disability, encompassing a series of techniques which try to translate imagetic contents from different media, like cinema, television, theatre and plastic arts. Since those are essentially translational practices, the different types of audiodescription have, in different countries, including Brazil, parameters designed to make the resulting products relatively uniform. None of those parameters, however, addresses the proccess of audiodescribbing comic books, leaving this language inside those parameters for stactic images, which seems very inappropriate. This work tried to ellaborate a set of parameters for audiodescribbing comic books, as well as an experimental description script that could demonstrate these parameters. In order to do so, theories about comic books structure and about discourse semiotics were correlated to the research problem, stablishing dialogs which could offer answers to this research's problems around the reconstruction of meaning in different languages. As a result, it was possible to note that, regardless of discourse semiotics' few contributions to the audiodescription problem, these contributions were substantial to approach certain questions, questions that simple comic books' typollogy and morphology could not address properly.
L’audio-description est une ressource d’accessibilité pour l’inclusion des personnes malvoyantes, comprennent d'une série de techniques qui cherchent à traduire en mots le contenu imaginatif de différentes formes d’expression, telles que le cinéma, la télévision, le théâtre, la photographie, le cinéma et les arts plastiques. Comme il s’agit essentiellement de pratiques de traduction, les différentes modalités d’audiodescription disposent, dans plusieurs pays, dont le Brésil, d’un ensemble de directives qui guident les travaux et promeuvent une certaine uniformité technique des produits finis. Cependant, aucune de ces directives ne traite du processus d'audiodescription des bandes dessinées, laissant ce langage sous les paramètres de description d’images statiques, ce qui semble inapproprié. Ce travail visait à élaborer un ensemble de directives pour l'audiodescription des bandes dessinées, ainsi qu’un script de description expérimentale démontrant la faisabilité de telles directives. Pour ce faire, nous avons cherché à articuler les fondements théoriques de la structure de la bande dessinée et de la sémiotique discursive, en établissant des dialogues susceptibles de fournir des réponses au problème de la reconstruction du sens dans différents sémioses. En conséquence, il a été possible d’observer que, bien que la sémiotique discursive n’apporte que de manière occasionnelle des contributions au problème de la description audio, ces contributions se sont révélées utiles, éclairant des questions pratiques que les morphologies et les typologies de bandes dessinées ne pouvaient pas traiter.
Audiodescription is an accessibility resource aiming at the social inclusion of people with visual disability, encompassing a series of techniques which try to translate imagetic contents from different media, like cinema, television, theatre and plastic arts. Since those are essentially translational practices, the different types of audiodescription have, in different countries, including Brazil, parameters designed to make the resulting products relatively uniform. None of those parameters, however, addresses the proccess of audiodescribbing comic books, leaving this language inside those parameters for stactic images, which seems very inappropriate. This work tried to ellaborate a set of parameters for audiodescribbing comic books, as well as an experimental description script that could demonstrate these parameters. In order to do so, theories about comic books structure and about discourse semiotics were correlated to the research problem, stablishing dialogs which could offer answers to this research's problems around the reconstruction of meaning in different languages. As a result, it was possible to note that, regardless of discourse semiotics' few contributions to the audiodescription problem, these contributions were substantial to approach certain questions, questions that simple comic books' typollogy and morphology could not address properly.
L’audio-description est une ressource d’accessibilité pour l’inclusion des personnes malvoyantes, comprennent d'une série de techniques qui cherchent à traduire en mots le contenu imaginatif de différentes formes d’expression, telles que le cinéma, la télévision, le théâtre, la photographie, le cinéma et les arts plastiques. Comme il s’agit essentiellement de pratiques de traduction, les différentes modalités d’audiodescription disposent, dans plusieurs pays, dont le Brésil, d’un ensemble de directives qui guident les travaux et promeuvent une certaine uniformité technique des produits finis. Cependant, aucune de ces directives ne traite du processus d'audiodescription des bandes dessinées, laissant ce langage sous les paramètres de description d’images statiques, ce qui semble inapproprié. Ce travail visait à élaborer un ensemble de directives pour l'audiodescription des bandes dessinées, ainsi qu’un script de description expérimentale démontrant la faisabilité de telles directives. Pour ce faire, nous avons cherché à articuler les fondements théoriques de la structure de la bande dessinée et de la sémiotique discursive, en établissant des dialogues susceptibles de fournir des réponses au problème de la reconstruction du sens dans différents sémioses. En conséquence, il a été possible d’observer que, bien que la sémiotique discursive n’apporte que de manière occasionnelle des contributions au problème de la description audio, ces contributions se sont révélées utiles, éclairant des questions pratiques que les morphologies et les typologies de bandes dessinées ne pouvaient pas traiter.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Audiodescrição, Histórias em quadrinhos, Semiótica discursiva, Tradução intersemiótica