Desempenho físico-mecânico de painéis particulados de madeira com adição de nanocelulose
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Data
2019-07-29
Autores
Hansted, Felipe Augusto Santiago
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O segmento de painéis à base de madeira tem apresentado crescente expansão e competitividade, especialmente com aplicações na indústria moveleira e construção civil. No entanto, para garantir a competitividade os produtos devem apresentar propriedades equivalentes aos concorrentes. Neste contexto o estudo dos materiais ganha espeço, principalmente incorporando o uso da nanotecnologia para melhorar as características dos painéis, ampliando suas aplicações. Com base no exposto definiu-se o objetivo do presente estudo que foi avaliar as propriedades físicas e mecânicas dos painéis MDP a partir da adição de porcentagens distintas (0%, 25%, 50% e 100% em relação à água) de solução aquosa de nanocelulose associada ao adesivo ureia-formaldeído, essa geralmente utilizada na produção dos painéis. Os resultados obtidos permitiram concluir que não houve diferença estatística significativa nas propriedades de densidade e teor de umidade dos painéis em nenhuma das porcentagens adicionadas em comparação ao painel testemunha. A análise de imagens a partir de microscopia eletrônica de varredura permitiu observar uma superfície mais polida, com menor presença de irregularidades o que torna o painel mais adequado para o recebimento de revestimentos. Os testes mecânicos indicaram que não houve diferença estatística significativa para os testes de flexão estática, adesão interna e arrancamento de parafuso. Observou-se que houve uma tendência de redução das propriedades de adesão interna, resistência e rigidez dos painéis com o aumento da porcentagem de nanocelulose. Entretanto, para os testes de arrancamento de parafuso observou-se uma tendência de melhora dos resultados com a adição de até 50% de solução de nanocelulose. Com base nos resultados obtidos pode-se concluir que o melhor desempenho em acabamento superficial foi conseguido para painéis com adição de 50% de solução que atendeu a todas as especificações normativas na norma ABNT e ANSI.
The wood-based panel segment has shown increasing expansion and competitiveness, especially with furniture industry and civil construction applications. However, to ensure competitiveness the products must present equivalent properties to competitors. In this context, the study of materials is gaining momentum, mainly incorporating the use of nanotechnology to improve the panels characteristics, expanding their applications. Based on the foregoing, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the physical properties of MDP panels by adding nanocellulose (in different percentages 0%, 25%, 50% and 100% regarding the water total) to the urea-formaldehyde adhesive in this type of panel production. The results showed that there was no significant statistical difference in the properties of density and moisture content of the panels in any of the percentages added in comparison to the control panel. The analysis of images from scanning electron microscopy allowed to observe a more polished surface, with less presence of irregularities which makes the panel more suitable for the reception of coatings. The mechanical tests indicated that there was no significant statistical difference for the tests of static flexion, internal adhesion and screw pulling. It was observed that there was a tendency of reduction of the internal adhesion properties, resistance and rigidity of the panels with the increase of the percentage of nanocellulose. However, for the bolt pull tests, a trend of improvement was observed with the addition of up to 50% of nanocellulose solution. Based on the results obtained it can be concluded that the best superficial performance was achieved for panels with 50% solution addition that met all ABNT and ANSI normative specifications.
The wood-based panel segment has shown increasing expansion and competitiveness, especially with furniture industry and civil construction applications. However, to ensure competitiveness the products must present equivalent properties to competitors. In this context, the study of materials is gaining momentum, mainly incorporating the use of nanotechnology to improve the panels characteristics, expanding their applications. Based on the foregoing, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the physical properties of MDP panels by adding nanocellulose (in different percentages 0%, 25%, 50% and 100% regarding the water total) to the urea-formaldehyde adhesive in this type of panel production. The results showed that there was no significant statistical difference in the properties of density and moisture content of the panels in any of the percentages added in comparison to the control panel. The analysis of images from scanning electron microscopy allowed to observe a more polished surface, with less presence of irregularities which makes the panel more suitable for the reception of coatings. The mechanical tests indicated that there was no significant statistical difference for the tests of static flexion, internal adhesion and screw pulling. It was observed that there was a tendency of reduction of the internal adhesion properties, resistance and rigidity of the panels with the increase of the percentage of nanocellulose. However, for the bolt pull tests, a trend of improvement was observed with the addition of up to 50% of nanocellulose solution. Based on the results obtained it can be concluded that the best superficial performance was achieved for panels with 50% solution addition that met all ABNT and ANSI normative specifications.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Painel de partículas, Características físicas, Características mecânicas, Painéis de madeira, Nanopartículas, Microscopia eletrônica, Particleboard, Physical characteristics, Mechanical characteristics, Nanoparticle