Artigos - Química e Bioquímica - IBB

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Protein profiles identified by LC-MS/MS demonstrate change in beta oxidation, ketogenesis, and propionate metabolism in rumen epithelium with different additives
(2023-08-01) Rocha, Leone Campos [UNESP]; Assunção, Andrey Sávio de Almeida [UNESP]; Martins, Renata Aparecida [UNESP]; Carvalho, Victor Valério de; Perdigão, Alexandre; Buzalaf, Marília Afonso Rabelo; Adamec, Jiri; Braga, Camila Pereira; Millen, Danilo Domingues [UNESP]; Vieira, José Cavalcante Souza [UNESP]; Padilha, Pedro de Magalhães [UNESP]; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP); DSM Nutritional Products SA; Universidade de São Paulo (USP); University of Nebraska (UNL)
Replacement of ionophore feed additives by essential oils demonstrates differences in energy metabolism. The mechanism of action of essential oils depends on the ruminal pH, therefore, feedlot diets with high starch inclusions tend to show greater effectiveness of these natural additives. The aim of this study is to map the proteome of the ruminal epithelium of feedlot Nellore cattle (n = 60) with different additives (monensin, blend of essential oils + exogenous α-amylase) and varying levels of starch (25% and 45%) Two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was used to separate the proteome of ruminal epithelium. The differentially expressed protein spots were characterized by isoelectric point, molecular mass, volume, and intensity of the spots and identified by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Diets using an essential oil blend associated with exogenous amylase promoted greater expression of macromolecules from the degradation of carbohydrates through the glycolytic and ketogenesis pathway. Fourteen proteins were identified in upregulation and the presence of proteins involved in glucose oxidation as well as Hydroxymethylglutaryl–CoA lyase (HMGCL), which catalyzes part of the metabolic intermediate metabolism—a key step in ketogenesis. Our results suggest that there was an increase in glycolysis from the oxidation of Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH GAPD), which participates in the first step of acetate and butyrate production and the oxidative decarboxylation of the ruminal epithelium of feedlot Nellore cattle. Monensin increased precursors of propionate, such as methylmalonyl-CoA mutase (MUT), which suggests greater synthesis of propionate via propionyl-CoA upon entry into the citric acid cycle as succinyl-CoA, which can increase feed efficiency and reduces feed intake.
Effects of molasses supplementation on animal performance and carcass parameters of beef cattle: a meta-analysis
(2023-06-01) de Nazaré Santos Torres, Rodrigo [UNESP]; Bertoco, João Pedro Amaral [UNESP]; de Arruda, Maria Carolina Gonçalves [UNESP]; de Melo Coelho, Larissa; Paschoaloto, Josimari Regina; Neto, Otavio Rodrigues Machado [UNESP]; Ezequiel, Jane Maria Bertocco [UNESP]; Almeida, Marco Túlio Costa; Chardulo, Luis Artur Loyola [UNESP]; Baldassini, Welder Angelo [UNESP]; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP); Universidade de São Paulo (USP); Federal University of Piauí; Federal University of Espírito Santo
Molasses must be one of the most used foods in the diet of ruminant animals; however, there is no consensus on the effect of including molasses on carcass parameters. In this context, the objective was to evaluate the effect of including molasses in the diet of feedlot cattle on performance and carcass parameters. Thirteen peer-reviewed publications with 45 treatment means were included in the dataset. The effect of molasses in beef cattle diets was evaluated by examining the weighted mean differences (WMD) between molasses treatment (diet with molasses) and control diet (diet without molasses). Heterogeneity was explored by meta-regression and subgroup analysis using genetic type and experimental period, molasses in diet (g/kg dry matter (DM)), molasses type, concentrate in diet (g/kg DM), and forage type. The inclusion of molasses in the diet increased dry matter digestibility, but reduced NDF digestibility, carcass weight, subcutaneous, and visceral fat. The main sources of variation for the responses with molasses inclusion on intake, digestibility, performance, and carcass parameters were the level of molasses inclusion and the experimental period. In general context, the inclusion of molasses in the diet between 100 to 150 g/kg of DM did not affect performance and carcass parameters. However, the inclusion of molasses above 200 g/kg reduces the average daily gain and carcass weight.
Change in soil chemical attributes and yield of a common-bean crop in response to steel slag application
(2023-01-01) da Silva, Alessandra Vieira [UNESP]; Deus, Angélica Cristina Fernandes [UNESP]; de Souza, Mara Lúcia Cruz [UNESP]; Broetto, Fernando [UNESP]; Büll, Leonardo Theodoro [UNESP]; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
Most agricultural soils in Brazil are classified as acid, which limits agricultural production in the country, warranting the application of acidity correctives. The present study examined the effect of steel slag application on chemical characteristics of the soil as well as on the metabolic responses and yield of common-bean plants in a no-till system. The experiment was laid out in a randomized-block design with 42-m2 subplots in a 7×2 factorial arrangement, with four replicates. Treatments consisted of two factors, namely, acidity correctives and application forms. The following correctives were tested: steel slag (T1), wollastonite (T2), ladle furnace slag (T3), stainless steel slag (T4), calcined agricultural limestone (T5), agricultural limestone (T6), and a control without correctives (C). The application forms were surface application and incorporation (20 cm). Ten months after the last reapplication of the acidity correctives, a soil probe sampler was used to collect samples from the 0–10 cm, 10–20 cm, and 20–40 cm layers for chemical analysis. The common-bean crop was established after 16 months of the applications, and the following parameters were evaluated 40 days after germination: plant height; leaf dry weight; relative water content; electrolyte losses; pigment content (Clo a, Clo b, and carotenoids); leaf macronutrient and micronutrient content; total soluble protein content; leaf silicon content; enzyme activities of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase; and gas exchange. At the end of the crop cycle, grain production and yield components were evaluated. Phosphorus, pH, base saturation, and Si increased with the application of silicates, influencing the number of plants m-1 and 100-grain weight; however, grain yield did not change.
Effect of Cow-Calf Supplementation on Gene Expression, Processes, and Pathways Related to Adipogenesis and Lipogenesis in Longissimus thoracis Muscle of F1 Angus × Nellore Cattle at Weaning
(2023-02-01) Ramírez-Zamudio, Germán Darío; Ganga, Maria Júlia Generoso [UNESP]; Pereira, Guilherme Luis [UNESP]; Nociti, Ricardo Perecin; Chiaratti, Marcos Roberto; Cooke, Reinaldo Fernandes; Chardulo, Luis Artur Loyola [UNESP]; Baldassini, Welder Angelo [UNESP]; Machado-Neto, Otávio Rodrigues [UNESP]; Curi, Rogério Abdallah [UNESP]; Universidade de São Paulo (USP); Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP); Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar); Texas A&M University
The aim of this study was to identify differentially expressed genes, biological processes, and metabolic pathways related to adipogenesis and lipogenesis in calves receiving different diets during the cow-calf phase. Forty-eight uncastrated F1 Angus × Nellore males were randomly assigned to two treatments from thirty days of age to weaning: no creep feeding (G1) or creep feeding (G2). The creep feed offered contained ground corn (44.8%), soybean meal (40.4%), and mineral core (14.8%), with 22% crude protein and 65% total digestible nutrients in dry matter. After weaning, the animals were feedlot finished for 180 days and fed a single diet containing 12.6% forage and 87.4% corn-based concentrate. Longissimus thoracis muscle samples were collected by biopsy at weaning for transcriptome analysis and at slaughter for the measurement of intramuscular fat content (IMF) and marbling score (MS). Animals of G2 had 17.2% and 14.0% higher IMF and MS, respectively (p < 0.05). We identified 947 differentially expressed genes (log2 fold change 0.5, FDR 5%); of these, 504 were upregulated and 443 were downregulated in G2. Part of the genes upregulated in G2 were related to PPAR signaling (PPARA, SLC27A1, FABP3, and DBI), unsaturated fatty acid synthesis (FADS1, FADS2, SCD, and SCD5), and fatty acid metabolism (FASN, FADS1, FADS2, SCD, and SCD5). Regarding biological processes, the genes upregulated in G2 were related to cholesterol biosynthesis (EBP, CYP51A1, DHCR24, and LSS), unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis (FADS2, SCD, SCD5, and FADS1), and insulin sensitivity (INSIG1 and LPIN2). Cow-calf supplementation G2 positively affected energy metabolism and lipid biosynthesis, and thus favored the deposition of marbling fat during the postweaning period, which was shown here in an unprecedented way, by analyzing the transcriptome, genes, pathways, and enriched processes due to the use of creep feeding.
Potential of nutritional strategies to reduce enteric methane emission in feedlot sheep: A meta-analysis and multivariate analysis
(2023-03-01) Santos Torres, Rodrigo de Nazaré [UNESP]; Coelho, Larissa de Melo; Ghedini, Caren Paludo; Neto, Otavio Rodrigues Machado [UNESP]; Chardulo, Luis Artur Loyola [UNESP]; Torrecilhas, Juliana Akamine [UNESP]; de Lima Valença, Roberta; Baldassini, Welder Angelo [UNESP]; Almeida, Marco Tulio Costa; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP); Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS); Federal University of Espírito Santo; Universidade de São Paulo (USP); Federal University of Agreste of Pernambuco
The objective of this study was to use meta-analytical methods to evaluate the effects of nutritional strategies on the reduction of enteric methane emission in feedlot sheep. Additionally, this study aimed to evaluate interrelationships among diet composition, intake and digestibility of nutrients, rumen parameters, rumen microbial population, nitrogen metabolism and enteric methane production in sheep. The dataset was composed by 45 peer-reviewed publications with 102 treatment means. The strategies to mitigate enteric methane emission were evaluated by examining the weighted mean difference between control treatment (diets containing no additives and/or any other strategies to mitigate methane emission) and reduced-methane treatment (diets containing strategies to mitigate methane emission: protozoa-free, nitrate, lipids, saponins, essential oils and tannins). The interaction of factors associated with diet composition, nutrient intake and digestibility, rumen parameters on methane emission from sheep depends on how methane production is expressed (Production=CH4 g/d vs Yield= CH4 g/kg DMI). Lipids inclusion to diets reduced methane production in 6.28 g/d and 5.87 g CH4/kg of DMI. Oil inclusion in amounts greater than 20 g oil/day reduced methane production (CH4 g/d). Lipid inclusion to diets presented the greatest effectiveness in reducing methane emission in sheep fed TMR diets containing different forage: concentrate ratios. Tannins inclusion to diets reduced methane production in 1.22 g/d CH4 and 2.61 gCH4/kg of DMI, presenting long-term effect on methane emission. Tannins effects on methane production were greater in sheep fed high-forage total mixed rations. Rumen defaunation (protozoa-free) and essential oils inclusion to diets had no effects on methane production. Although methane production reduced with saponin and nitrate inclusion to diets, further studies are needed to confirm their effects on methane emission and better elucidate factors interacting with the response of sheep to saponins and nitrate supplementation.
The effects of mercury exposure on Amazonian fishes: An investigation of potential biomarkers
(2023-03-01) Vieira, José Cavalcante Souza [UNESP]; Braga, Camila Pereira; Queiroz, João Vitor de [UNESP]; Cavecci-Mendonça, Bruna [UNESP]; Oliveira, Grasieli de [UNESP]; Freitas, Natália Galvão de [UNESP]; Fernandes, Ana Angélica Henrique [UNESP]; Fernandes, Mileni da Silva; Buzalaf, Marília Afonso Rabelo; Adamec, Jiri; Zara, Luiz Fabrício; Padilha, Pedro de Magalhães [UNESP]; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP); University of Nebraska (UNL); Universidade de São Paulo (USP); College of Planaltina
Exposure to mercury can interfere with the expression of proteins and enzymes, compromise important pathways, such as apoptosis and glucose metabolism, and even induce the expression of metallothioneins. In this study, analytical techniques were used to determine the concentration of total mercury (THg) in muscle and liver tissue, protein pellets, and spots [using graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS)], and molecular techniques were used to identify metalloproteins present in mercury-associated protein spots. Thirty individuals from three different fish species, Cichla sp. (n = 10), Brachyplatystoma filamentosum (n = 10), and Semaprochilodus sp. (n = 10) from the Brazilian Amazon were used. Oxidative stress indicators [such as glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), a marker of lipid peroxidation (LPO)] and the possible expression of metallothioneins in muscle and liver tissues were investigated. The two piscivorous species, Cichla sp. and B. filamentosum, presented the highest concentrations of mercury in their hepatic tissue, 1219 ± 15.00 and 1044 ± 13.6 μg kg−1, respectively, and in their muscle tissue, 101 ± 1.30 μg kg−1 and 87.4 ± 0.900 μg kg−1, respectively. The non-carnivorous species Semaprochilodus sp. had comparatively low concentrations of mercury in both its hepatic (852 ± 11.1 μg kg−1) and muscle (71.4 ± 0.930 μg kg−1) tissues. The presence of mercury was identified in 24 protein spots using GFAAS; concentrations ranged from 11.5 to 787 μg kg−1, and mass spectrometry identified 21 metal-binding proteins. The activities of GSH-Px, CAT, and SOD, related to oxidative stress, decreased proportionally as tissue Hg concentrations increased, while the levels of LPO markers increased, indicating the presence of stress. Our study results demonstrate possible mercury interference in oxidative stress markers (GSH-Px, CAT, SOD, and LPO), in addition to the identification of 21 metal-binding proteins as possible biomarkers of mercury exposure in fish.
Physiological, biochemical and nutritional changes in soybean in response to application of steel slag
(2022-01-01) da Silva, Alessandra Vieira [UNESP]; Deus, Angélica Cristina Fernandes [UNESP]; de Souza, Mara Lúcia Cruz [UNESP]; Broetto, Fernando [UNESP]; Büll, Leonardo Theodoro [UNESP]; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
Steel slag is a powdery industrial residue that has CaO, MgO and SiO2 in its composition, which enables its use in agriculture for soil acidity correction. Most studies involving this residue have focused on understanding its effects on the soil, not always considering its action on the plant metabolism. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate physiological, biochemical and nutritional changes in soybean plants due to application of lime and steel slag on the soil surface or by incorporation. The experiment was carried out in the field, with six soil acidity corrective materials: stainless steel slag, steel slag, ladle slag, wollastonite slag, dolomitic lime and calcined dolomite, plus a negative control, which did not receive correctives. Two application methods were adopted: soil surface application or incorporation. Sixty days after application, the soybean crop was established. Soybean response changed with the application method, since incorporation of corrective materials provided greater production of fresh and dry leaf mass and stem fresh mass, increased chlorophyll b and leaf K levels, and contributed to a greater number of plants per hectare and pods per plant, compared to surface application. Besides such benefits, there was no difference between the effect of application methods on soybean yield, indicating that both incorporation and surface application are efficient in increasing soybean grain yield. The correctives steel slag, wollastonite and calcined dolomite provided significant increases in soybean yield
Mango
(2020-01-01) Okino-Delgado, C. H.; Prado, D. Z. [UNESP]; Pereira, Milene Stefani [UNESP]; Camargo, Dafne Angela [UNESP]; Koike, Meliane Akemi [UNESP]; Fleuri, Luciana Francisco [UNESP]; University Center of Rio Preto; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
Mango is one of the most consumed fruits worldwide, and it is still mostly appreciated in the fresh form. However, the consumption of mango processed products has grown due to the rising demand for practical foods, increases in products shelf life and in the awareness of the benefits of fruits on human health. Mango processing leads to an increase in wastes generation since the pulp, the main product, corresponds to approximately half of the fruit mass. The mango processing wastes have a rich composition, which allows the production of several by-products. Mango by-products can be used by the final consumer, as food ingredients, and as substrates for fermentation processes, and incorporated to several industries such as foods, pharmaceuticals, fine chemicals, cosmetics, cleaning products, and personal hygiene products. Therefore they are a promising alternative for more profitable and sustainable systems since they enable the incorporation of new products into traditional processes.
Is the production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species by macrophages associated with better infectious control in female mice with experimentally disseminated and pulmonary mucormycosis?
(2022-12-01) dos Santos, Amanda Ribeiro; Fraga-Silva, Thais Fernanda; de Fátima Almeida-Donanzam, Débora; Finatto, Angela Carolina [UNESP]; Marchetti, Camila [UNESP]; Andrade, Maria Izilda; de Arruda, Olavo Speranza [UNESP]; de Arruda, Maria Sueli Parreira [UNESP]; Venturini, James; Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS); Universidade de São Paulo (USP); Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP); Lauro de Souza Lima Institute
Different levels of resistance against Rhizopus oryzae infection have been observed between inbred (BALB/c) and outbred (Swiss) mice and are associated with the genetic background of each mouse strain. Considering that macrophages play an important role in host resistance to Rhizopus species, we used different infectious outcomes observed in experimental mucormycosis to identify the most efficient macrophage response pattern against R. oryzae in vitro and in vivo. For this, we compared BALB/c and Swiss macrophage activity before and after intravenous or intratracheal R. oryzae infections. The production of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and nitric oxide (NO) was determined in cultures of peritoneal (PMΦ) or alveolar macrophages (AMΦ) challenged with heat-killed spores of R. oryzae. The levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) were measured to confirm our findings. Naïve PMΦ from female BALB/c mice showed increased production of H2O2, TNF-α, and IL-10 in the presence of heat-killed spores of R. oryzae. Naïve PMΦ from female Swiss mice were less responsive. Naïve AMΦ from the two strains of female mice were less reactive to heat-killed spores of R. oryzae than PMΦ. After 30 days of R. oryzae intravenous infection, lower fungal load in spleen from BALB/c mice was accompanied by higher production of H2O2 by PMΦ compared with Swiss mice. In contrast, AMΦ from BALB/c mice showed higher production of NO, TNF-α, and IL-10 after 7 days of intratracheal infection. The collective findings reveal that, independent of the female mouse strain, PMΦ is more reactive against R. oryzae upon first contact than AMΦ. In addition, increased PMΦ production of H2O2 at the end of disseminated infection is accompanied by better fungal clearance in resistant (BALB/c) mice. Our findings further the understanding of the parasite–host relationship in mucormycosis.
Cutaneous pythiosis in equines in the Amazon Biome
(2023-01-01) Barbosa, José D.; Oliveira, Hanna G.S.; Bosco, Sandra M.G. [UNESP]; Silveira, Natalia S.S.; Barbosa, Camila C.; Brito, Marilene F.; Oliveira, Carlos M.C.; Salvarani, Felipe M.; Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA); Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP); Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ)
Barbosa J.D., Oliveira H.G.S., Bosco S.M.G., Silveira N.S.S., Barbosa C.C., Brito M.F., Oliveira C.M.C. & Salvarani F.M. 2023. Cutaneous pythiosis in equines in the Amazon Biome. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 43:e07167, 2023. Instituto de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Pará, BR-316 Km 61, Saudade II, Cristo Redentor, Castanhal, PA 68740-970, Brazil. E-mail: felipems@ufpa.br The study aimed to describe the clinicopathological aspects of 37 cases of pythiosis, 34 in horses and three in mules, from properties located in the Amazon biome of Pará, Brazil. The clinical signs observed in the animals were weakness, poor-to-regular nutritional status, pale mucous membranes, itching at the lesion site, and lameness when the limbs were affected. The lesions were located on the lips, nostrils, rib region, thoracic and abdominal walls, scapular, distal limbs, foreskin, perineum and udder. Macroscopically, ulcerative and granulation-tissue-like masses were observed, with fistulous tracts filled with yellowish and foul-smelling serosanguinous discharges. In the biopsy, it was possible to visualize white and firm areas with foci of yellowish necrotic material and hardened masses, called kunkers. The histopathological examination showed a pyogranulomatous inflammatory reaction with the presence of Pythium insidiosum hyphae, which were impregnated with black, confirming the diagnosis of pythiosis in equids in the Amazon biome, being the first report of the disease in mules in the region.
Cyclopamine targeting hedgehog modulates nuclear control of the osteoblast activity
(2023-06-01) da Costa Fernandes, Célio J. [UNESP]; Ferreira, Marcel Rodrigues [UNESP]; Zambuzzi, Willian Fernando [UNESP]; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
It is known that cellular events underlying the processes of bone maintenance, remodeling, and repair have their basis in the embryonic production of bone. Shh signaling is widely described developing important morphogenetic control in bone by modifying the activity of osteoblast. Furthermore, identifying whether it is associated with the modulation of nuclear control is very important to be the basis for further applications. Experimentally, osteoblasts were exposed with cyclopamine (CICLOP) considering up to 1 day and 7 days, here considered an acute and chronic responses respectively. Firstly, we have validated the osteogenic model in vitro by exposing the osteoblasts to classical differentiating solution up to 7 days to allow the analysis of alkaline phosphatase and mineralization. Conversely, our data shows that differentiating osteoblasts present higher activity of inflammasome-related genes, while Shh signaling members were lower, suggesting a negative feedback between them. Thereafter, to better know about the role of Shh signaling on this manner, functional assays using CICLOP (5 μM) were performed and the data validates the previously hypothesis that Shh represses inflammasome related genes activities. Altogether, our data supports the anti-inflammatory effect of Shh signaling by suppressing Tnfα, Tgfβ and inflammasome related genes during osteoblast differentiation, and this comprehension might support the understanding the molecular and cellular mechanisms related in bone regeneration by reporting molecular-related osteoblast differentiation.
Synthesis and Characterization of Mesoporous Silica Modified with Purpald and Its Application in the Preconcentration of Cu2+ and Cd2+ from Aqueous Samples through Solid-Phase Extraction
(2023-02-01) Wondracek, Marcos Henrique Pereira; Jorgetto, Alexandre de Oliveira [UNESP]; da Silva, Adrielli Cristina Peres [UNESP]; Schneider, José Fabián; Pedrosa, Valber de Albuquerque [UNESP]; Saeki, Margarida Juri [UNESP]; de Castro, Gustavo Rocha [UNESP]; University of Grande Dourados; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP); Universidade de São Paulo (USP)
The synthesis of an organofunctionalized mesoporous silica was accomplished by a two-step process involving (1) the co-condensation of a silylant agent at the surface of silica, followed by (2) the immobilization of Purpald (ligand) at the organic termination of the silytant agent. The characterization of the organofunctionalized material indicated the presence of NH2 groups, and the immobilization of the ligand was confirmed by 29Si- and 13C-nuclear magnetic resonance. The material’s surface area was determined as 370 m2 g−1. Batch adsorption experiments enabled the determination of optimum pH conditions for the adsorption of Cu(II) and Cd(II). Under optimal pH, the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir model provided the best correlations to describe the materials adsorption behavior, suggesting a chemisorption mechanism. When tested in continuous-flow preconcentration experiments, the flow rate and eluent concentration demonstrated to affect the removal of Cu(II) and Cd(II), while the buffer concentration had an effect only over the adsorption of Cu(II). Under optimized preconcentration conditions, it was possible both to determine the concentrations of Cu(II) and Cd(II) in samples such as mineral water, ground water, tap water and river water. Ions commonly found in drinking and natural waters (Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Fe3+, Ba2+, Cl−, SO42−, HCO3−, and H2PO4−) did not affect the preconcentration of any of the studied analytes. Reutilization experiments indicated that the adsorbent material can withstand at least 40 adsorption/desorption preconcentration cycles with no efficiency loss.
Circulating levels of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 3, a protein with inhibitory effects on angiogenesis, are increased in pre-eclampsia
(2023-05-01) Palei, Ana C.; Cruz, Juliana de O.; Chaguri, João Leandro [UNESP]; Peraçoli, José Carlos [UNESP]; Romão-Veiga, Mariana [UNESP]; Ribeiro-Vasques, Vanessa R. [UNESP]; Cavalli, Ricardo C.; Nunes, Priscila R. [UNESP]; Luizon, Marcelo R.; Sandrim, Valéria C. [UNESP]; University of Mississippi Medical Center; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG); Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP); Universidade de São Paulo (USP)
Objective: To assess and compare circulating tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 3 (TIMP-3) concentrations between women with pre-eclampsia and healthy pregnant women. We also aimed to determine the relationships between circulating TIMP-3 and matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2), MMP-9, TIMP-1, and TIMP-2 concentrations in pre-eclampsia. Methods: A primary case–control study included patients with pre-eclampsia (n = 219) and gestational hypertension (n = 118), healthy pregnant women (n = 214), and non-pregnant women (n = 66), and a replication case–control study included patients with pre-eclampsia (n = 177) and healthy pregnant women (n = 124), all from southeastern Brazil. Plasma TIMP-3, MMP-2, MMP-9, TIMP-1, and TIMP-2 concentrations were assessed using commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits, and the relationships between them were analyzed using Spearman's correlation. Results: In our primary study, patients with pre-eclampsia and gestational hypertension exhibited increased TIMP-3 concentrations compared with healthy pregnant women (both P < 0.0001) and non-pregnant women (both P < 0.001). These findings were confirmed in the replication study, showing elevated TIMP-3 concentrations in women with pre-eclampsia versus healthy pregnant women (P < 0.001). We found no difference in TIMP-3 concentrations between early-onset and late-onset pre-eclampsia. Moreover, TIMP-3 concentrations were significantly correlated with plasma concentrations of TIMP-1 (r = 0.2333; P = 0.0086) and MMP-2 (r = 0.2159; P = 0.0156) in pre-eclampsia. Conclusions: Circulating TIMP-3 concentration is increased in women with pre-eclampsia compared with healthy pregnant women, and it is positively correlated with plasma MMP-2 and TIMP-1 concentrations in pre-eclampsia.
Acute green tea intake attenuates circulating microRNA expression induced by a high-fat, high-saturated meal in obese women: A randomized crossover study
(2023-02-01) Bastos, Rodrigo V.S. [UNESP]; Dorna, Mariana S. [UNESP]; Chiuso-Minicucci, Fernanda [UNESP]; Felix, Tainara F. [UNESP]; Fernandes, Ana A.H. [UNESP]; Azevedo, Paula S. [UNESP]; Franco, Estefânia T. [UNESP]; Polegato, Bertha F. [UNESP]; Rogero, Marcelo M.; Mota, Gustavo A.F. [UNESP]; Quintanilha, Bruna J.; Paiva, Sergio A.R. [UNESP]; Zornoff, Leonardo A.M. [UNESP]; Reis, Patricia P. [UNESP]; Minicucci, Marcos F. [UNESP]; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP); Universidade de São Paulo (USP)
The objective of this study was to assess whether acute green tea (GT) supplementation attenuates inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers induced by high-fat, high-saturated (HFHS) meals in obese women, and to assess its ability to modulate circulating microRNA (miRNA) expression. This was a randomized, double-blind, crossover study. The study included obese women over 18 years old who had no comorbidities. In the first moment, patients were instructed to take 2 capsules of placebo or GT (738 mg) at 10:00 p.m. and to fast overnight. The next morning, a blood sample was collected, and an HFHS meal was offered to the patients. Another blood sample was collected 5 hours after the meal. In the second moment, patients who received placebo in the first moment now received the GT and vice-versa. Serum inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers were measured, and circulating levels of miRNA were evaluated. Fifteen women with mean age of 35.5±9.9 years were included in the final analysis. There was no difference regarding inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers. However, patients who consumed GT had lower circulating expression of 62 miRNAs compared with patients who did not consume GT. Predictive analysis of target genes showed 1,757 targets regulated by the 62 miRNAs. Notably, 5 miRNAs (miR-1297, miR-192-5p, miR-373-3p, miR-595 and miR-1266-5p) regulate genes associated with TGF-beta, CARM1, RSK, and BMP pathways. Our study showed that GT inhibited the expression of miRNAs induced by HFHS meal intake. These results shed light on the mechanisms involved in the beneficial effects of GT ingestion.
Signatures of positive selection in the mitochondrial genome of neotropical freshwater stingrays provide clues about the transition from saltwater to freshwater environment
(2023-01-01) Nachtigall, P. G.; Loboda, T. S.; Pinhal, D. [UNESP]; Instituto Butantan; Universidade Federal do Acre (UFAC); Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP); Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR)
Neotropical freshwater stingrays (subfamily Potamotrygoninae) are carnivorous bottom feeder batoids widely distributed in most river basins of South America. They represent the unique extant group of elasmobranchs that evolved to live exclusively in freshwater environments. These species are exploited either by commercial fisheries (e.g., for food or ornamental industry) or by indigenous communities allocated along with their natural range. Restrictive life history characteristics coupled with habitat degradation make Potamotrygoninae species highly vulnerable to human impacts and highlight the necessity of studies to inform basic biological aspects, from ecology to genetics, to guide their conservation and clarify the molecular basis of adaptation to the freshwater environment. We used available and newly assembled Potamotrygon spp. mitogenomes to perform a comparative investigation of their molecular evolution. A phylogenetic estimation using the mitogenome of Potamotrygon falkneri and other Elasmobranchii supports monophyly for Potamotrygonidae and indicates a close relationship to Dasyatidae. A synteny analysis comprising 3 Potamotrygon and other 51 batoids revealed a highly conserved mitogenomic context. We detected various amino acid sites under positive selection exclusively in Potamotrygon spp., within the sequences of ND4, ND5, ND6, and COXII genes. Positively selected mutational events in key genes of energetic metabolism may be related to the physiological adaptation of Potamotrygon spp. during the ancient incursion into freshwater. This broad comparative mitogenomic study provides novel insights into the evolutionary history of neotropical freshwater stingrays and their relatives and stands out as a valuable resource to aid in current and future research on elasmobranch molecular evolution.
Enzymes in Fruit Juice and Vegetable Processing
(Crc Press-taylor & Francis Group, 2016-01-01) Fleuri, Luciana Francisco [UNESP]; Okino Delgado, Clarissa Hamaio [UNESP]; Novelli, Paula Kern [UNESP]; Pivetta, Mayara Rodrigues [UNESP]; Prado, Debora Zanoni do [UNESP]; Simon, Juliana Wagner [UNESP]; Chandrasekaran, M.; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
Nanoplasmonic Biosensors
(Pan Stanford Publishing Pte Ltd, 2017-01-01) Crulhas, Bruno P. [UNESP]; Basso, Caroline R. [UNESP]; Pedrosa, Valber A. [UNESP]; Grunwald, P.; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
Assessment of corn wet distillers grains fed to crossbred bulls on feeding behavior, rumen morphology, liver abscesses and blood parameters
(2022-08-01) Niehues, Maria Betânia [UNESP]; de Aquino Tomaz, Laís [UNESP]; Ferreira, Mateus Silva [UNESP]; Baldassini, Welder Angelo [UNESP]; Chardulo, Luis Artur Loyola [UNESP]; Sartor, Ana Bárbara [UNESP]; Ribeiro, Richard Vaquero [UNESP]; Fogaça, Luiz Antonio [UNESP]; de Beni Arrigoni, Mário [UNESP]; Martins, Cyntia Ludovico [UNESP]; Neto, Otávio Rodrigues Machado [UNESP]; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
Corn ethanol production has been growing in Brazil in the last ten years, generating by-products to feedlot diets. This study evaluates the effects of the inclusion of low-fat corn wet distillers grains (LF-WDG) on feeding behavior, ruminal health, liver abscesses and blood parameters of F1 Angus-Nellore bulls feedlot finished. Our hypothesis is that evaluation of data from feeding behavior, rumen and liver health would help to explain animal performance. In this trail, one-hundred animals were fed for 129 days with diets containing amounts of 0 (control), 15, 30 and 45% of LF-WDG replacing corn grain and soybean meal. Evaluations of fluctuation of dry matter intake (DMI) were carried out. Additionally, feeding behavior data were assessed by monitoring (24-h period) the feeding, rumination, time spent eating (TSE), and time expended on other activities (resting and number of meals per day). Blood variables such as pH, bicarbonate, total CO2 content, and base excess in extracellular fluid (Beecf) were determined. After slaughter, rumen epithelium was classified according to the incidence of lesions (rumenitis) and abnormalities (papillae clumped), and samples were collected for morphology and histology evaluations. Moreover, livers were scored for severity of abscesses as follow: as unabscessed (0), one or two small abscesses (A-), two to four small active abscesses (A) or one or more large, active abscesses (A+). The DMI (kg/day) differed (P = 0.03) among treatments and there is a tendency of 15 and 30 LF-WDG (% DM) had lower %DMI fluctuation compared to 0 or 45%. The TSE increased linearly (P < 0.01) as the amounts of inclusion of LF-WDG increased. Moreover, neutral detergent fiber (NDF) intake, NDF consumption rate and NDF rumination efficiency increased linearly (P < 0.01) in response to LF-WDG feeding. The incidence of rumenitis tended (P = 0.08) to be greater at 45% LF-WDG, while keratin thickness decreased linearly in bulls fed LF-WDG (P < 0.01). The severity of liver abscesses (score A+) increased linearly (P = 0.02). Regarding blood parameters, only Beecf decreased linearly (P < 0.01) in response to LF-WDG feeding. Therefore, the hypothesis of the current study was confirmed. We previous reported that F1 Angus-Nellore bulls fed LF-WDG show greater weight gain (1.94 ± 0.09 kg/day) and final body weight (620 ± 18.8 kg) when compare to control (1.8 ± 0.09 kg/day and 602 ± 18.8 kg, respectively). Here, we conclude that inclusion of 15 to 30% LF-WDG in feedlot diets improved feeding behavior without impairing ruminal health and blood parameters, driving performance and weigh gain of crossbred bulls. However, bulls fed 45% LF-WDG had greater severity of liver abscesses.
Does distillers' grains supplementation affect beef cattle performance, carcass characteristics, and meat quality? A meta-analysis study
(2022-12-01) de Nazaré Santos Torres, Rodrigo [UNESP]; de Melo Coelho, Larissa; Paschoaloto, Josimari Regina; Ghedini, Caren Paludo; Neto, Otavio Rodrigues Machado [UNESP]; Chardulo, Luis Artur Loyola [UNESP]; Baldassini, Welder Angelo [UNESP]; de Almeida Júnior, Gercílio Alves; Almeida, Marco Tulio Costa; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP); Federal University of Piauí; University of New Hampshire; Federal University of Espírito Santo; Universidade de São Paulo (USP)
This study evaluated, through meta-analysis, the effect of distillers' grains (DG) supplementation to beef cattle on their performance, carcass parameters, and meat fatty acid profile. Eighty-one peer-reviewed publications with 439 treatments means were included in the data set. The effects of DG supplementation to beef cattle were evaluated using weighted mean differences (WMD) between the control group (diets with no DG) and DG group (diets with DG). Heterogeneity was explored by meta-regression and subgroup analysis using genetic type, treatment period, DG type, amount of DG in diet (g DG/kg DM), sulfur in diet (g S/kg DM), ether extract in diet (g EE/kg DM), feed systems (pasture or total mixed ration), and concentrate level in the diet (g/kg DM). Meat fatty acid profile was more affected when DG was fed to crossbreed animals. In Angus animals, DG inclusion to the diets had little effect on meat fatty acid profile whereas, a pronounced reduction was reported in meat omega-6/omega-3 ratio. In response to DG inclusion to the diets, an increase in diet sulfur content up to 6.0 g/kg and ether extract content up to 110 g/kg had no adverse effects on performance, carcass parameters, and meat physicochemical characteristics. Distillers' grains inclusions in amounts between 500 and 600 g DG/kg provided the greatest responses when evaluating carcass parameters and meat fatty acid profile. Increased CLA c9 t11, linolenic acid, and total PUFA and reduced myristic acid concentration in meat were reported when animals were fed diets containing DG.
Modification of Ti/TiO2NT with ZrO2 nanoparticles to enhance photoelectrocatalytic performance in removal of dibutyl phthalate
(2022-01-01) Hyppólito, Marina Paz [UNESP]; Perini, João Angelo Lima [UNESP]; da Silva, Bianca Ferreira [UNESP]; Jorge, Sônia Maria Alves [UNESP]; Zanoni, Maria Valnice Boldrin [UNESP]; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
This work shows that ZrO2, used as a modifier of TiO2, can be highly effective as a co-catalyst in the photoelectrocatalytic degradation of dibutyl phthalate (DBP). The monoclinic phase of ZrO2 was easily obtained by chemical deposition on TiO2 nanotubes (Ebg ~3.06 eV), increasing the occurrence of hydroxyl groups and acidity on the surface of the material, as observed by electrophoretic mobility measurements. The optimized photoelectrocatalysis conditions were bias potential of 1.5 V, 0.1 M Na2SO4 (initial pH 6) supporting electrolyte, 6 ppm of DBP, and UV/Vis irradiation. These conditions resulted in complete removal of DBP, down to the limit of detection of the chromatographic method used, with up to complete TOC removal after 60 min of treatment. The effects of pH, bias potential, DBP concentration, and applied potential were investigated. The method was compared with photocatalysis and photolysis. An oxidation mechanism is proposed, based on intermediates detected by LC-MS/MS during 10 min of photoelectrocatalysis.

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