Reorientação da formação do profissional de saúde na atenção primária: O que os Projetos Pró-Saúde articulados ao Pet- Saúde ensinaram
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Data
2019-08-23
Autores
Bravo, Victória Ângela Adami [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Tendo por base as Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais de 2001 e de 2014 para o curso de medicina, o presente estudo analisou o Programa Nacional de Reorientação da Formação Profissional em Saúde (Pró-Saúde) articulado ao Programa de Educação pelo Trabalho para a Saúde (PET-Saúde), Edital 2011, do Ministério da Saúde junto ao Ministério da Educação, que visou impulsionar mudanças curriculares para os cursos da saúde articuladas à Educação pelo Trabalho. A intenção de compreender este processo de efetivação da reorientação dos currículos e dos programas trouxe à tona a diversidade e complexidade da realização de mudanças na perspectiva da maior aproximação da formação para e no SUS. A metodologia empregada foi o estudo documental com análise qualitativa do conteúdo. Foram analisadas instituições aprovadas no edital do Pró-Saúde e Pet-Saúde, edital 2011. Para seleção da amostra os seguintes critérios foram usados: as instituições deveriam possuir os projetos políticos pedagógicos publicados em sítio virtual de acesso livre; ter cursos de graduação de medicina; ter relatórios preenchidos e publicados na plataforma FORMSUS do Ministério da Saúde. Analisou-se o estudo de caso de uma instituição que participou desse processo, com o intuito de aprofundar alguns aspectos do estudo. Os resultados revelaram o quanto as instituições envolvidas avançaram nos processos de mudança frente ao currículo e frente a ter sido uma escola selecionada para este referido edital. Observou-se como o processo trouxe um norte para a mudança e reorientação dos seus currículos e como se aproximou a formação da rede de atenção e da qualificação do Sistema Único de Saúde. Identificou-se aspectos negativos como a dificuldade de aproximação de algumas Universidades em relação ao serviço e como as instituições de ensino, em alguns casos, tem uma visão unilateral do aprender e ensinar. As experiências mostraram-se exitosas em sua maioria e a união do Pró Saúde ao Pet Saúde foi importante para que as Universidades refletissem sobre a formação em atenção primária à saúde, realizando ou ampliando a integração ensino serviço. Considerou-se fundamental compreender de que maneira as universidades se adequaram a estas propostas, suas fragilidades e êxitos reconhecidos por instituições que participaram do programa na reorientação da formação profissional.
Based on the 2001 and 2014 National Curriculum Guidelines for the medical course, this study analyzed the National Program for Reorienting Training in Health (PróSaúde), articulated with the Education for Work for Health Program (PET- Saúde), 2011, a public politic of the Ministry of Health with the Ministry of Education, which aimed to drive curriculum changes for health courses articulated with Education through Work. The intention of understanding this process of effective reorientation of curricula and programs has brought to light the diversity and complexity of making changes in the perspective of closer approximation of education to and in SUS. The methodology employed was the documentary study with qualitative analysis of the content. Institutions approved in the Pro-Saúde and Pet-Saúde, announcement 2011 were analyzed. To select the sample, the following criteria were used: the institutions should have the pedagogical political projects published in an open access virtual site; have undergraduate medical courses; have completed and published reports on the FORMSUS platform of the Ministry of Health. The case study of an institution that participated in this process was analyzed in order to deepen some aspects of the study. The results revealed how much the institutions involved advanced in the process of change in the face of the curriculum and in the face of having been a selected school for this selection. It was observed how the process brought a direction for the change and reorientation of its curricula and how it approached the formation of the care network and the qualification of the Unified Health System. Negative aspects were identified as the difficulty of approaching some Universities in regarding service and how educational institutions, in some cases, have a unilateral view of learning and teaching. Most of the experiences were successful and the combination of Pró-Saúde and PetSaúde was important for universities to reflect on the training in primary health care, performing or expanding the teaching service integration. It was considered essential to understand how universities have adapted to these proposals, their weaknesses and successes recognized by institutions that participated in the program in the reorientation of vocational training.
Based on the 2001 and 2014 National Curriculum Guidelines for the medical course, this study analyzed the National Program for Reorienting Training in Health (PróSaúde), articulated with the Education for Work for Health Program (PET- Saúde), 2011, a public politic of the Ministry of Health with the Ministry of Education, which aimed to drive curriculum changes for health courses articulated with Education through Work. The intention of understanding this process of effective reorientation of curricula and programs has brought to light the diversity and complexity of making changes in the perspective of closer approximation of education to and in SUS. The methodology employed was the documentary study with qualitative analysis of the content. Institutions approved in the Pro-Saúde and Pet-Saúde, announcement 2011 were analyzed. To select the sample, the following criteria were used: the institutions should have the pedagogical political projects published in an open access virtual site; have undergraduate medical courses; have completed and published reports on the FORMSUS platform of the Ministry of Health. The case study of an institution that participated in this process was analyzed in order to deepen some aspects of the study. The results revealed how much the institutions involved advanced in the process of change in the face of the curriculum and in the face of having been a selected school for this selection. It was observed how the process brought a direction for the change and reorientation of its curricula and how it approached the formation of the care network and the qualification of the Unified Health System. Negative aspects were identified as the difficulty of approaching some Universities in regarding service and how educational institutions, in some cases, have a unilateral view of learning and teaching. Most of the experiences were successful and the combination of Pró-Saúde and PetSaúde was important for universities to reflect on the training in primary health care, performing or expanding the teaching service integration. It was considered essential to understand how universities have adapted to these proposals, their weaknesses and successes recognized by institutions that participated in the program in the reorientation of vocational training.
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Educação Médica, Projeto Político Pedagógico, formação, Atenção primária à saúde, Educação pelo trabalho, mudanças na graduação, Medical Education, Pedagogical Political Project, formation, Primary health care, Education for work, changes in undergraduation