O rompimento da Barragem do Fundão: percepção socioambiental e análise da vulnerabilidade social da população de Bento Rodrigues - Mariana - MG - Brasil
Carregando...
Arquivos
Data
2019-10-11
Autores
Quadros, Letícia Severina de
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Cada comunidade apropria-se do espaço geográfico de diferentes formas, e no decorrer do tempo vai construindo sua identidade social e cultural. Esse estudo sobre o rompimento da barragem de rejeito de mineração do Fundão, que ocorreu no dia 05 de Novembro de 2015, na localidade de Bento Rodrigues, município de Mariana (Minas Gerais – Brasil). O subdistrito de Bento Rodrigues foi destruído pelo rompimento de barragem de rejeito. A pesquisa possui uma abordagem da geografia humanista, dessa forma utilizamos as categorias de análise de paisagem e lugar. Além dos conceitos de percepção ambiental, desastres socioambientais, os atingidos e a vulnerabilidade socioambiental, essas categorias de análise e os conceitos foram fundamentais para o desenvolvimento da pesquisa. Assim, analisamos o desastre socioambiental sob a perspectiva dos atingidos de Bento Rodrigues. Para tanto foram realizados levantamentos bibliográficos de artigos nacionais e internacionais sobre a temática abordada, utilização de laudos do IBAMA, ANA, CPRM e dados do IBGE, relatórios, pareceres, além de trabalho de campo, coleta de relatos e conversas com os atingidos. Caracterizamos a paisagem antes e depois do desastre na comunidade atingida, trazendo relatos dos moradores da comunidade de como era viver em Bento Rodrigues, bem como relatos de seus cotidianos e de suas práticas sociais. Além disso, analisamos a percepção socioambiental e a vulnerabilidade social da população da comunidade atingida, onde foram abordados temas como: condições de moradia, emprego, renda, saúde e educação. Também foram analisadas as políticas públicas e as ações que a empresa Samarco S.A, Vale e BHP Billiton realizaram para acolher a população da comunidade atingida. Buscamos, ainda, identificar as necessidades e anseios da população, verificando as mudanças na qualidade de vida e percepção das pessoas sobre o desastre. Nessa perspectiva, o tema da pesquisa é de grande relevância para a sociedade, pois busca contribuir para o estudo de tal temática.
Each community appropriates the geographical space in different ways, and over time builds its social and cultural identity. This study about the rupture of the Fundão mining tailings dam, which took place on November 5, 2015, in Bento Rodrigues, Mariana (Minas Gerais - Brazil). Bento Rodrigues sub-district was destroyed by the tailings dam disruption. The research has an approach of humanist geography, so we use the categories of landscape and place analysis. In addition to the concepts of environmental perception, socio-environmental disasters, those affected and social and environmental vulnerability, these categories of analysis and concepts were fundamental to the development of the research. Thus, we analyze the socio-environmental disaster from the perspective of those affected by Bento Rodrigues. To this end, bibliographical surveys of national and international articles on the thematic approached, use of IBAMA reports, ANA, CPRM and IBGE data, reports, opinions, besides field work, collection of reports and conversations with the affected ones were carried out. We characterize the landscape before and after the disaster in the affected community, bringing reports from the residents of the community of what it was like to live in Bento Rodrigues, as well as reports of their daily lives and social practices. In addition, we analyzed the socio-environmental perception and social vulnerability of the population of the affected community, where topics such as housing conditions, employment, income, health and education were addressed. Also analyzed were the public policies and actions that the company Samarco S.A, Vale and BHP Billiton took to welcome the population of the affected community. We also seek to identify the needs and desires of the population, checking the changes in quality of life and people's perception of the disaster. From this perspective, the research theme is of great relevance to society, as it seeks to contribute to the study of such theme.
Each community appropriates the geographical space in different ways, and over time builds its social and cultural identity. This study about the rupture of the Fundão mining tailings dam, which took place on November 5, 2015, in Bento Rodrigues, Mariana (Minas Gerais - Brazil). Bento Rodrigues sub-district was destroyed by the tailings dam disruption. The research has an approach of humanist geography, so we use the categories of landscape and place analysis. In addition to the concepts of environmental perception, socio-environmental disasters, those affected and social and environmental vulnerability, these categories of analysis and concepts were fundamental to the development of the research. Thus, we analyze the socio-environmental disaster from the perspective of those affected by Bento Rodrigues. To this end, bibliographical surveys of national and international articles on the thematic approached, use of IBAMA reports, ANA, CPRM and IBGE data, reports, opinions, besides field work, collection of reports and conversations with the affected ones were carried out. We characterize the landscape before and after the disaster in the affected community, bringing reports from the residents of the community of what it was like to live in Bento Rodrigues, as well as reports of their daily lives and social practices. In addition, we analyzed the socio-environmental perception and social vulnerability of the population of the affected community, where topics such as housing conditions, employment, income, health and education were addressed. Also analyzed were the public policies and actions that the company Samarco S.A, Vale and BHP Billiton took to welcome the population of the affected community. We also seek to identify the needs and desires of the population, checking the changes in quality of life and people's perception of the disaster. From this perspective, the research theme is of great relevance to society, as it seeks to contribute to the study of such theme.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Rompimento da Barragem do Fundão, Percepção socioambiental, Subdistrito de Bento Rodrigues, Vulnerabilidade socioambiental, Breaking of the Fundão Dam, Socioenvironmental perception, Bento Rodrigues sub-district, Social and environmental vulnerability, Municipality of Mariana / Minas Gerais - Brazil