Efeito da utilização da farinha de mosca-soldado negra em substituição à farinha de peixe na alimentação inicial de tilápia-do-nilo
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Data
2019-11-11
Autores
Machado, Brigida Sperchi de Oliveira
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a substituição parcial da farinha de peixe por farinha de inseto em dietas para tilápia-do-nilo na fase inicial de crescimento. Foi realizado um experimento inteiramente casualizado constando de seis tratamentos de níveis crescentes de inclusão de farinha de mosca-soldado negra em substituição à farinha de peixe (0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% e 50%), com cinco repetições de cada tratamento, por um período de 30 dias. Larvas com 3 dias pós-eclosão foram estocadas na densidade de 10 larvas.L-1 em tanques de 50L dispondo de fluxo contínuo de água e aeração constante, e receberam cinco arraçoamentos diários. Durante o experimento foram realizadas quatro avaliações biométricas (aos 7, 14, 21 e 30 dias) para determinação do peso úmido, peso seco, comprimento total, comprimento padrão e altura dos animais. Além disso, foram calculadas as taxas de crescimento específico e de sobrevivência, e a relação entre peso úmido e peso seco. Os peixes também foram classificados em três categorias de tamanho (pequeno “P”, médio “M” e grande “G”) ao final do experimento, de acordo com comprimento total. Os resultados evidenciaram diferenças significativas (p> 0,05) apenas no 30 º dia para comprimento total e no 14º dia para altura. Em relação à taxa de crescimento específico, verificaram-se diferenças significativas no 14º e 30º dia de experimento. Em relação às categorias de tamanho, as larvas que foram alimentados com maiores níveis de inclusão da farinha de inseto apresentaram, ao final de 30 dias, as menores porcentagens de juvenis de tamanho pequeno e as maiores porcentagens de juvenis grandes. A dieta controle foi a que proporcionou maior número de peixes de tamanho médio. Os resultados sugerem que é possível a utilização da farinha de mosca soldado-negra em substituição parcial à farinha de peixe; porém, são necessários estudos mais aprofundados e extensos para a compreensão do uso da farinha de mosca-soldado negra nas fases posteriores do cultivo de tilápia-do-nilo visando aumentar a segurança da introdução desse novo ingrediente para animais em crescimento.
This study evaluated the partial replacement of fishmeal by insect meal in diets for Nile tilapia during the initial phase of growth. A completely randomized experiment was carried out with six treatments of increasing levels of inclusion of black soldier fly meal instead of fish meal (0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50%), with five repetitions of each treatment, for a period of 30 days. Larvae at the 3 rd day after hatching were stocked at the density of 10 larvae.L-1 in 50L tanks with continuous water flow and constant aeration, and received five daily meals. Four biometric evaluations were performed during the experiment (at 7, 14, 21 and 30 days) to determine the wet weight, dry weight, total length, standard length and height of the animals. In addition, specific growth rate, survival rate and the relationship between wet weight and dry weight were calculated. The fish were also classified into three size categories (small “P”, medium “M” and large “G”) at the end of the experiment, according to total length. The results showed significant differences (p> 0.05) only on day 30 for total length and day 14 for height. Regarding the specific growth rate, significant differences were observed on the 14th and 30th day of the experiment. Considering the size categories, the larvae that were fed with higher inclusion levels of insect meal showed, at the end of 30 days, the lowest percentages of small juveniles and the highest percentages of large juveniles. The control diet was the one that provided the largest number of medium-sized fish. The results suggest that it is possible to use black soldier fly meal as a partial replacement for fish meal; however, further and more extensive studies are needed to understand the use of black soldier fly meal in the later stages of Nile tilapia rearing to increase the safety of introducing this new ingredient to growing animals. Key words: insect meal, Oreochromis niloticus, larviculture.
This study evaluated the partial replacement of fishmeal by insect meal in diets for Nile tilapia during the initial phase of growth. A completely randomized experiment was carried out with six treatments of increasing levels of inclusion of black soldier fly meal instead of fish meal (0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50%), with five repetitions of each treatment, for a period of 30 days. Larvae at the 3 rd day after hatching were stocked at the density of 10 larvae.L-1 in 50L tanks with continuous water flow and constant aeration, and received five daily meals. Four biometric evaluations were performed during the experiment (at 7, 14, 21 and 30 days) to determine the wet weight, dry weight, total length, standard length and height of the animals. In addition, specific growth rate, survival rate and the relationship between wet weight and dry weight were calculated. The fish were also classified into three size categories (small “P”, medium “M” and large “G”) at the end of the experiment, according to total length. The results showed significant differences (p> 0.05) only on day 30 for total length and day 14 for height. Regarding the specific growth rate, significant differences were observed on the 14th and 30th day of the experiment. Considering the size categories, the larvae that were fed with higher inclusion levels of insect meal showed, at the end of 30 days, the lowest percentages of small juveniles and the highest percentages of large juveniles. The control diet was the one that provided the largest number of medium-sized fish. The results suggest that it is possible to use black soldier fly meal as a partial replacement for fish meal; however, further and more extensive studies are needed to understand the use of black soldier fly meal in the later stages of Nile tilapia rearing to increase the safety of introducing this new ingredient to growing animals. Key words: insect meal, Oreochromis niloticus, larviculture.
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Palavras-chave
Farinha de inseto, Oreochromis niloticus, Larvicultura