Presença de cárie e periodontite apical em pacientes portadores de doença renal crônica com necessidade de transplante renal
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Data
2020-02-14
Autores
Camacho, Lariana Corrêa [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A doença renal crônica (DRC) é caracterizada pela alteração progressiva e irreversível da função dos rins. A presença de lesões cariosas e da periodontite apical exercem influência na saúde sistêmica dos pacientes com DRC. O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a presença de cáries e periodontites apicais em pacientes que estão em tratamento de hemodiálise e na lista de espera para transplante renal. Vinte e seis pacientes aceitaram participar do estudo, porém as informações de um foram excluídas por se enquadrarem nos critérios de exclusão. Então, foi realizado exame clínico e radiográfico periapical em 25 pacientes, onde o índice CPO-D foi determinado considerando as faixas etárias, assim como, foi verificado a presença de periodontites apicais e a sua indicação para tratamento endodôntico ou extração dentária. Os pacientes também relataram práticas de saúde bucal e presença de sintomatologia durante a anamnese. Em 12 pacientes foi detectado pelo menos um dente com lesão cariosa e a média de dentes com lesões de cárie por paciente foi de 2,64. O índice CPO-D foi de 12,66 para pacientes com idade entre 23 e 34 anos, índice considerado moderado pela OMS; CPO-D de 15,71 para pacientes na faixa etária dos 35 à 44 anos e de 17,16 para pacientes entre 45 e 64 anos, índices considerados como “alto” pela OMS. Foi observado a presença de periodontite apical em 32% dos pacientes e a média de lesões por paciente foi de 2,37. Do total de periodontites apicais presentes 7 foram indicadas ao tratamento endodôntico e 6 à extração dentária. Foi observado ausência de cárie e/ou periodontite apical em 10 dos 25 pacientes avaliados. Conclui-se que os pacientes portadores de doença renal crônica possuem alta incidência de lesões de cáries e alta prevalência de periodontites apicais.
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is characterized by the progressive and irreversible alteration of the function of the kidneys. The presence of carious lesions and periapical periodontitis have an influence on the systemic health of patients with CKD. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the presence of dental caries and periapical periodontitis in patients undergoing hemodialysis treatment and on the waiting list of kidneytransplant. Twenty-six patients agreed to participate in the study. Because of the inclusion criteria, one of them had to be excluded. Then, a clinical and periapical radiographic examination was performed in 25 patients, where the DMFT index was determined considering the age groups, as well as the presence of apical periodontitis and the indication of endodontic treatment or tooth extraction. Patients also reported oral health practices and symptomatology during anamnesis. In 12 patients less than one tooth with dental carie was detected and the average of teeth with dental caries per patient was 2.64. The DMFT index was 12.66 for patients aged 23 to 34 years, a rate considered moderate by the WHO; DMFT of 15.71 for patients aged 35 to 44 years and 17.16 for patients aged 45 to 64 years, rates considered "high" by the WHO. Apical periodontitis was observed in 32% of patients and the average of lesions per patient was 2.37. The total apical periodontitis presents 7 indicators of endodontic treatment and 6 of tooth extraction. Absence of caries and / or apical periodontics was observed in only 10 of 25 patients. It was concluded that patients with chronic kidney disease suffer a high incidence of dental caries and a high prevalence of periapical periodontitis.
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is characterized by the progressive and irreversible alteration of the function of the kidneys. The presence of carious lesions and periapical periodontitis have an influence on the systemic health of patients with CKD. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the presence of dental caries and periapical periodontitis in patients undergoing hemodialysis treatment and on the waiting list of kidneytransplant. Twenty-six patients agreed to participate in the study. Because of the inclusion criteria, one of them had to be excluded. Then, a clinical and periapical radiographic examination was performed in 25 patients, where the DMFT index was determined considering the age groups, as well as the presence of apical periodontitis and the indication of endodontic treatment or tooth extraction. Patients also reported oral health practices and symptomatology during anamnesis. In 12 patients less than one tooth with dental carie was detected and the average of teeth with dental caries per patient was 2.64. The DMFT index was 12.66 for patients aged 23 to 34 years, a rate considered moderate by the WHO; DMFT of 15.71 for patients aged 35 to 44 years and 17.16 for patients aged 45 to 64 years, rates considered "high" by the WHO. Apical periodontitis was observed in 32% of patients and the average of lesions per patient was 2.37. The total apical periodontitis presents 7 indicators of endodontic treatment and 6 of tooth extraction. Absence of caries and / or apical periodontics was observed in only 10 of 25 patients. It was concluded that patients with chronic kidney disease suffer a high incidence of dental caries and a high prevalence of periapical periodontitis.
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Palavras-chave
Insuficiência renal crônica, Cárie dentária, Periodontite periapical, Chronic kidney disease, Dental caries