Análise de viabilidades técnica e econômica de sistema híbrido aplicado a setor sucroalcooleiro: uso de biogás de vinhaça e energia fotovoltaica
Carregando...
Data
2020-01-30
Autores
Wendling Júnior, José Marcelo de Assis [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Neste trabalho, propõe-se efetuar análises técnica, energética e econômica da implantação de dois sistemas de geração de energia, aplicados a uma indústria do setor sucroalcooleiro. Os sistemas são avaliados operando separadamente e em operação conjunta (Sistema Híbrido). Propõe-se um sistema de geração de bioeletricidade, que utiliza motor de combustão interna/gerador elétrico, operando com biogás de vinhaça, e um sistema de geração fotovoltaica de mesma capacidade, para suprir parte da demanda de eletricidade da indústria considerada. Inicialmente, é realizada uma revisão bibliográfica sobre o tema, seguida da caracterização da indústria. Posteriormente, são efetuadas análises energéticas e econômicas, considerando três cenários de produção de energia: geração exclusiva de bioeletricidade, geração exclusiva fotovoltaica e geração simultânea das duas plantas (Sistema Híbrido de Produção de Eletricidade). Da análise energética, foi possível determinar o potencial de geração de eletricidade, baseando-se na disponibilidade de biogás do biorreator e, a partir dos dados gerados por essa análise, construir os Diagramas de Sankey da planta de geração de bioeletricidade e da planta fotovoltaica. Da análise econômica, foram avaliados o custo da produção de eletricidade e a receita anual esperada, em cada um dos cenários propostos, utilizando-se o método de payback, considerando taxas anuais de juros e subsídios governamentais (caso fotovoltaico), além do período equivalente de operação dos sistemas. Conclui-se que a geração de bioeletricidade a partir de biogás de vinhaça é energeticamente correta, eficiente e atrativa sob o ponto de vista econômico (2 anos de payback considerando 7300 h/ano de operação). No caso de uso de sistema solar, a viabilidade é corroborada quando há incentivo governamental (3 anos com 50 % de incentivo e 8 anos sem o subsídio). No caso de operação em forma de sistema híbrido de geração, a viabilidade econômica se situa em posição intermediária, apresentando valores de payback entre 2,2 e 3,5 anos (com e sem subsídio governamental, respectivamente).
In this work, energetic and economic analyzes of two power generation systems applied to a sugar and alcohol industry are presented. The systems are assessed operating separately and in a joint operation (Hybrid System). A bioelectricity generation system is proposed, which uses vinasse biogas fueled internal combustion engine with an electric generator and a photovoltaic generation system of the same capacity for supplying part of the electricity demand of the considered industry. Initially, a bibliographic review on the topic is carried out, followed by the characterization of the industry. Subsequently, energy and economic analyzes are performed considering three energy production scenarios: exclusive generation of bioelectricity, exclusive photovoltaic generation and simultaneous generation of the two plants (Hybrid Electricity Production System). From the energy analysis, it was possible to determine the potential for electricity generation based on the biogas availability of the bioreactor and, from the data generated by this analysis, to prepare the Sankey Diagrams of both the bioelectricity generation plant and the photovoltaic plant. From the economic analysis, the cost of electricity generation and the expected annual revenue were evaluated, in each of the proposed scenarios, using the payback method, considering annual interest rates and government subsidies (photovoltaic case), in addition to the systems equivalent period of operation. It is concluded that the generation of bioelectricity from vinasse biogas is energetically feasible, efficient and attractive from an economic point of view (2 years of payback considering 7300 h / year of operation). In the case of using a solar system, the viability is confirmed when there is a government incentive (3 years payback with 50% incentive and 8 years without the subsidy). In the case of operation in the form of a hybrid generation system, economic viability is in an intermediate position, with payback values ranging from 2.2 to 3.5 years, with and without government subsidy, respectively.
In this work, energetic and economic analyzes of two power generation systems applied to a sugar and alcohol industry are presented. The systems are assessed operating separately and in a joint operation (Hybrid System). A bioelectricity generation system is proposed, which uses vinasse biogas fueled internal combustion engine with an electric generator and a photovoltaic generation system of the same capacity for supplying part of the electricity demand of the considered industry. Initially, a bibliographic review on the topic is carried out, followed by the characterization of the industry. Subsequently, energy and economic analyzes are performed considering three energy production scenarios: exclusive generation of bioelectricity, exclusive photovoltaic generation and simultaneous generation of the two plants (Hybrid Electricity Production System). From the energy analysis, it was possible to determine the potential for electricity generation based on the biogas availability of the bioreactor and, from the data generated by this analysis, to prepare the Sankey Diagrams of both the bioelectricity generation plant and the photovoltaic plant. From the economic analysis, the cost of electricity generation and the expected annual revenue were evaluated, in each of the proposed scenarios, using the payback method, considering annual interest rates and government subsidies (photovoltaic case), in addition to the systems equivalent period of operation. It is concluded that the generation of bioelectricity from vinasse biogas is energetically feasible, efficient and attractive from an economic point of view (2 years of payback considering 7300 h / year of operation). In the case of using a solar system, the viability is confirmed when there is a government incentive (3 years payback with 50% incentive and 8 years without the subsidy). In the case of operation in the form of a hybrid generation system, economic viability is in an intermediate position, with payback values ranging from 2.2 to 3.5 years, with and without government subsidy, respectively.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Biogás, Energia Fotovoltaica, Motor de Combustão Interna, Sistema Híbrido, Vinhaça, Energia – Fontes alternativas, Motores de combustão interna, Photovoltaic power, Internal combustion engine, Hybrid system, Vinasse