Biodiversidade de monogenéticos (Platyhelminthes, Monogenea) parasitos de peixes do Alto Rio Paranapanema, São Paulo, Brasil
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Data
2020-02-17
Autores
Yamada, Priscilla de Oliveira Fadel
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O Brasil é o maior país da América Latina, com uma rede hidrográfica que retêm 13% de toda a água doce do planeta, apresenta uma das maiores diversidades de peixes, com mais de 2.500 espécies válidas. Esses peixes apresentam uma vasta fauna parasitária, que contribuem como indicadores dos aspectos biológicos de seus hospedeiros e da qualidade ambiental. Entre os grupos de parasitos de peixes, os monogenéticos podem ser considerados como um dos mais diversos, pois apresentam grande especificidade ao seu hospedeiro. No entanto, menos de 3% das espécies de monogenéticos de água doce são conhecidas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi inventariar a biodiversidade de monogenéticos parasitos de brânquias e da cavidade nasal de peixes coletados entre abril/2011 a janeiro/2013 do reservatório de Jurumirim, Alto rio Paranapanema, São Paulo. Para tanto, dezessete espécies de peixes pertencentes às ordens Characiformes (Apareiodon affinis, Cyphocharax modestus, Hoplias lacerdae, Leporinus amblyrhynchus, Leporinus octofasciatus, Leporinus striatus, Megaleporinus elongatus, Schizodon intermedius, Schizodon nasutus, Galeocharax knerii, Metynnis maculatus, Oligosarcus paranensis), Siluriformes (Callichthys callichthys, Rhamdia quelen, Rhinodoras dorbignyi) e Gymnotiformes (Gymnotus sylvius e Eigenmannia trilineata) foram investigados quanto a sua fauna de parasitos monogenéticos. Com base nos dados morfológicos, foi possível identificar 37 taxa de monogenéticos pertencentes a 11 gêneros da família Dactylogyridae, 20 deles podem ser considerados novas espécies para a ciência, 12 são novos registros geográficos e 10 novos registros de hospedeiros. Quantitativamente, Urocleidoides foi o gênero mais dominante apresentando 13 espécies. Os resultados demonstram grande riqueza de monogenéticos nas espécies de hospedeiros estudados, aumentando assim, consideravelmente, o conhecimento da vasta e ainda desconhecida diversidade deste grupo de parasitos de peixes da região Neotropical.
Brazil is the largest country in Latin America with a hydrographic network that covers 13% of all freshwater on earth, presenting one of the largest fish diversity with more than 2,500 species. These fishes have a large parasitic fauna which may contribute as indicators of the biological aspects of their hosts and environmental quality. Among the groups of fish parasites, monogeneans can be considered as one of the most diverse due to presenting high host-specificity. However, less than 3% of freshwater monogenean species are known. The main goal of the present study was to survey the diversity of monogeneans from the gills and nasal cavity of fishes collected from April/2011 to January/2013 in the Jurumirim reservoir, Upper Paranapanema river, São Paulo state. For this purpose, 17 species of fishes belonging to the orders Characiformes (Apareiodon affinis, Cyphocharax modestus, Hoplias lacerdae, Leporinus amblyrhynchus, Leporinus octofasciatus, Leporinus striatus, Megaleporinus elongatus, Schizodon intermedius, Schizodon nasutus, Galeocharax knerii, Metynnis maculatus, and Oligosarcus paranensis), Siluriformes (Callichthys callichthys, Rhamdia quelen, and Rhinodoras dorbignyi) e Gymnotiformes (Gymnotus sylvius and Eigenmannia trilineata) were investigated for their monogenean fauna. Based on morphological data, it was possible to identify 37 taxa of Monogenea belonging to 11 genera of the family Dactylogyridae, 20 of which may be consider new species to science, 12 are new geographic records and 10 new host records. Quantitatively, Urocleidoides was the most dominant genus presenting 13 species. The results demonstrate a great richness of monogeneans in the studied host species, thus considerably increasing the knowledge of the vast and still unknown diversity of this group of fish parasites in the Neotropical region
Brazil is the largest country in Latin America with a hydrographic network that covers 13% of all freshwater on earth, presenting one of the largest fish diversity with more than 2,500 species. These fishes have a large parasitic fauna which may contribute as indicators of the biological aspects of their hosts and environmental quality. Among the groups of fish parasites, monogeneans can be considered as one of the most diverse due to presenting high host-specificity. However, less than 3% of freshwater monogenean species are known. The main goal of the present study was to survey the diversity of monogeneans from the gills and nasal cavity of fishes collected from April/2011 to January/2013 in the Jurumirim reservoir, Upper Paranapanema river, São Paulo state. For this purpose, 17 species of fishes belonging to the orders Characiformes (Apareiodon affinis, Cyphocharax modestus, Hoplias lacerdae, Leporinus amblyrhynchus, Leporinus octofasciatus, Leporinus striatus, Megaleporinus elongatus, Schizodon intermedius, Schizodon nasutus, Galeocharax knerii, Metynnis maculatus, and Oligosarcus paranensis), Siluriformes (Callichthys callichthys, Rhamdia quelen, and Rhinodoras dorbignyi) e Gymnotiformes (Gymnotus sylvius and Eigenmannia trilineata) were investigated for their monogenean fauna. Based on morphological data, it was possible to identify 37 taxa of Monogenea belonging to 11 genera of the family Dactylogyridae, 20 of which may be consider new species to science, 12 are new geographic records and 10 new host records. Quantitatively, Urocleidoides was the most dominant genus presenting 13 species. The results demonstrate a great richness of monogeneans in the studied host species, thus considerably increasing the knowledge of the vast and still unknown diversity of this group of fish parasites in the Neotropical region
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Palavras-chave
Bacia do Alto rio Paranapanema, Ectoparasitos, Peixe de água doce, Reservatório de Jurumirim, Upper Paranapanema river basin, Dactylogyridae, Ectoparasites, Freshwater fishes, Jurumirim reservoir