O discurso cego sobre o universo: narrativas invisuais sobre o espaço sideral
Carregando...
Arquivos
Data
2019-12-12
Autores
Silva, Marcelo Luiz Bezerra da
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O objetivo geral desta pesquisa foi compreender quais elementos estão presentes no discurso das Pessoas Cegas percebem o Universo e os seus fenômenos. Especificamente buscou-se identificar as formas de percepção sobre o Universo e analisar essas percepções. O referencial teórico que conduziu a pesquisa, assentou-se na Análise de Discurso de linha francesa, sustentada por três pilares epistemológicos: a) a linguística; b) o materialismo dialético; c) a psicanálise. Neste sentido, não cabe ao investigador interpretar, mas sim compreender os discursos dos sujeitos e a sua formação discursiva. Logo a pesquisa teve finalidade descritiva, não tentando explicar como os sujeitos Cegos formulam suas representações sobre o Universo, mas sim descrever essas percepções. Assim, optou-se pela arquegenealogia foucaultiana como mecanismo de pesquisa, com abordagem indutiva, a partir de entrevistas narrativas com duas pessoas cegas desde o nascimento, mas já na fase adulta, sujeitos cegos adultos, por possuírem um referencial mais extenso. A pesquisa verificou que o repertório sensorial tátil foi insignificante para a constituição da cosmopercepção das pessoas invisuais, visto que as discursividades dos dois sujeitos participantes da pesquisa, a epistemologia da pessoa cega está fundamentalmente relacionada à linguagem. Isso revela que não formulamos conceitos in natura, pois estamos todos interdependentes do que os outros nos dizem para nos constituir como realmente somos. Conclui-se ainda que, mesmo diante dos avanços protagonizados pela ciência do século XXI, é importante reconhecer a epistemologia invisual que foi negligenciada por séculos como sinônimo de vazio epistêmico a ser preenchido. Este modelo cartesiano-iluminista atingiu o seu esgotamento no campo científico, quando as suas premissas foram obsoletadas pelo paradigma quântico, embora, no campo da educação científica de pessoas cegas, sua cosmopercepção ainda se encontre bastante confusa e incerta, o que requer por parte dos educadores comprometidos com a alfabetização científica dessas pessoas, um esforço redobrado no sentido de superar as barreiras ainda existentes para uma compreensão mínima e um desvendamento desse mundo de incertezas inexploradas.
The general objective of this research was to understand how Blind People perceive the Universe and its phenomena. Specifically sought to identify the forms of perception about the universe and analyze these perceptions. The theoretical framework that conducted the research was based on the French Discourse Analysis, which is supported by three epistemological pillars: a) linguistics; b) dialectical materialism; c) psychoanalysis. In this sense, it is not for the researcher to interpret, but to understand the discourses of the subjects and their discursive formation. Therefore the research had a descriptive purpose, not trying to explain how the blind subjects formulate their representations about the universe, but rather to describe these perceptions. Thus, Foucault's archegenealogy was chosen as a research mechanism, with an inductive approach, based on narrative interviews with two blind people from birth, but already in adulthood, blind adult subjects, because they have a more extensive reference. Research has shown that the tactile sensory repertoire was insignificant for the constitution of the cosmoperception of blind people, since analyzing the discursivities of the two subjects participating in the research, the epistemology of the blind person is fundamentally related to language. This reveals that we do not formulate concepts in natura, for we are all interdependent on what others tell us to constitute us as we really are. It is also concluded that, even in the face of advances in 21st century science, it is important to recognize the invisible epistemology that has been neglected for centuries as a synonym of epistemic emptiness to be filled. This Cartesian- Enlightenment model reached its exhaustion in the scientific field, when its premises were obsolete by the quantum paradigm, although in the field of scientific education of blind people, its cosmoperception is still quite confused and uncertain, which requires from the educators committed to the scientific literacy of these people, a redoubled effort to overcome the still existing barriers to minimal understanding and a deep nausea uncovering of this world of unexplored uncertainties.
The general objective of this research was to understand how Blind People perceive the Universe and its phenomena. Specifically sought to identify the forms of perception about the universe and analyze these perceptions. The theoretical framework that conducted the research was based on the French Discourse Analysis, which is supported by three epistemological pillars: a) linguistics; b) dialectical materialism; c) psychoanalysis. In this sense, it is not for the researcher to interpret, but to understand the discourses of the subjects and their discursive formation. Therefore the research had a descriptive purpose, not trying to explain how the blind subjects formulate their representations about the universe, but rather to describe these perceptions. Thus, Foucault's archegenealogy was chosen as a research mechanism, with an inductive approach, based on narrative interviews with two blind people from birth, but already in adulthood, blind adult subjects, because they have a more extensive reference. Research has shown that the tactile sensory repertoire was insignificant for the constitution of the cosmoperception of blind people, since analyzing the discursivities of the two subjects participating in the research, the epistemology of the blind person is fundamentally related to language. This reveals that we do not formulate concepts in natura, for we are all interdependent on what others tell us to constitute us as we really are. It is also concluded that, even in the face of advances in 21st century science, it is important to recognize the invisible epistemology that has been neglected for centuries as a synonym of epistemic emptiness to be filled. This Cartesian- Enlightenment model reached its exhaustion in the scientific field, when its premises were obsolete by the quantum paradigm, although in the field of scientific education of blind people, its cosmoperception is still quite confused and uncertain, which requires from the educators committed to the scientific literacy of these people, a redoubled effort to overcome the still existing barriers to minimal understanding and a deep nausea uncovering of this world of unexplored uncertainties.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Cegueira, Invisualidade, Cosmopercepção, Análise de discurso, Educação, Blindness, Blind people, Discourse analysis, Cosmoperception, Education