Bloqueio anestésico dos nervos isquiático e femoral guiado por estimulador neural em galinhas (Gallus gallus domesticus)
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Data
2020-06-23
Autores
Silva, Helen Roberta Amaral da [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Avaliou-se a eficácia e a duração do bloqueio dos nervos isquiático e femoral, guiado por estimulador neural, em galinhas (Gallus gallus domesticus). Foram utilizados 32 animais da linhagem Peito Duplo, distribuídos aleatoriamente em quatro grupos: Controle (GC), lidocaína (GL), bupivacaína (GB) e lidocaína associada à bupivacaína (GLB). As doses utilizadas foram 2mg/kg de bupivacaína e 4mg/kg de lidocaína. Sob anestesia com isofluorano, foi realizado o bloqueio dos nervos isquiático e femoral esquerdo, guiado por estimulador neural com técnica adaptada a partir da descrita por Mahler e Adogwa (2008), para cães. Os testes sensoriais e motores foram previamente à indução anestésica (M0), cinco minutos após o despertar, a cada cinco minutos até cessar a reação ao estímulo e, então a cada dez minutos até a recuperação da resposta, ou num período máximo de duas horas. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância não paramétrica de Friedman e os efeitos de grupo e momento foram analisados por meio da análise de variância não paramétrica de Kruskall Wallis. Admitiu-se nível de significância de 0,05. Os grupos GC e GL não apresentaram diferenças entre si, ao longo do tempo, tanto na avaliação motora quanto sensorial. Os grupos GB e GLB apresentaram diferença dos 10 aos 90 minutos e dos 10 aos 60 minutos, nos reflexos motores e sensoriais, respectivamente. Os Grupos GC e GL apresentaram semelhanças com o GB e GLB apenas nos momentos M0 e após os 110 minutos na avaliação dos reflexos. Conclui-se que a bupivacaína é considerada segura e eficaz, já a lidocaína na dose e concentração utilizadas não foi eficiente, para bloqueio dos nervos propostos, nesta espécie. A técnica é factível para bloqueio dos nervos isquiático e femoral, em galinhas.
The effectiveness and duration of sciatic and femoral nerve block, guided by neural stimulator, in chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) were evaluated. 32 animals of the Double Breast lineage were used, randomly distributed in four groups: Control (CG), lidocaine (GL), bupivacaine (GB) and lidocaine associated with bupivacaine (GLB). The doses used were 2mg / kg of bupivacaine and 4mg / kg of lidocaine. Under anesthesia with isofluorane, the sciatic and left femoral nerves were blocked, guided by a neural stimulator with a technique adapted from that described by Mahler and Adogwa (2008), for dogs. Sensory and motor tests were performed prior to anesthetic induction (M0), five minutes after awakening, every five minutes until the reaction to the stimulus ceased, and then every ten minutes until the response had recovered, or within a maximum period of two hours. The data were subjected to Friedman's nonparametric analysis of variance and the effects of group and moment were analyzed using Kruskall Wallis's nonparametric analysis of variance. A 0.05 significance level was assumed. The CG and GL groups did not show differences between themselves, over time, both in motor and sensory evaluation. The GB and GLB groups showed a difference from 10 to 90 minutes and from 10 to 60 minutes, in motor and sensory reflexes, respectively. Groups GC and GL showed similarities with GB and GLB only at M0 moments and after 110 minutes in the assessment of reflexes. It is concluded that bupivacaine is considered safe and effective, since lidocaine in the dose and concentration used was not efficient for blocking the proposed nerves in this species. The technique is feasible for sciatic and femoral nerve block in chickens.
The effectiveness and duration of sciatic and femoral nerve block, guided by neural stimulator, in chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) were evaluated. 32 animals of the Double Breast lineage were used, randomly distributed in four groups: Control (CG), lidocaine (GL), bupivacaine (GB) and lidocaine associated with bupivacaine (GLB). The doses used were 2mg / kg of bupivacaine and 4mg / kg of lidocaine. Under anesthesia with isofluorane, the sciatic and left femoral nerves were blocked, guided by a neural stimulator with a technique adapted from that described by Mahler and Adogwa (2008), for dogs. Sensory and motor tests were performed prior to anesthetic induction (M0), five minutes after awakening, every five minutes until the reaction to the stimulus ceased, and then every ten minutes until the response had recovered, or within a maximum period of two hours. The data were subjected to Friedman's nonparametric analysis of variance and the effects of group and moment were analyzed using Kruskall Wallis's nonparametric analysis of variance. A 0.05 significance level was assumed. The CG and GL groups did not show differences between themselves, over time, both in motor and sensory evaluation. The GB and GLB groups showed a difference from 10 to 90 minutes and from 10 to 60 minutes, in motor and sensory reflexes, respectively. Groups GC and GL showed similarities with GB and GLB only at M0 moments and after 110 minutes in the assessment of reflexes. It is concluded that bupivacaine is considered safe and effective, since lidocaine in the dose and concentration used was not efficient for blocking the proposed nerves in this species. The technique is feasible for sciatic and femoral nerve block in chickens.
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Palavras-chave
Anestesia local, Aves, Membro posterior, Neuroestimulador.