Associação entre os diferentes dominios de atividade física, composição corporal e hábitos alimentares em sobreviventes ao câncer de mama
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Data
2020-02-19
Autores
Silva, Daniela Tanajura Caldeira [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Tratamentos adjuvantes do câncer de mama associados a hábitos alimentares considerados não saudáveis podem provocar alterações importantes na composição corporal de sobreviventes ao câncer de mama. Além disto, a baixa aderência a prática de atividade física nesta população é preocupante, uma vez que sua ausência pode gerar diversas complicações, dentre elas a recidiva da doença. Porém, devido a controvérsias na literatura sobre esta temática, é importante realizar estudos que investiguem melhor o estilo de vida desta população e que estratifique a prática de atividade física por domínios: atividade física ocupacional, atividade física no lazer/esporte, atividade física de locomoção, atividade física total. Objetivo: Verificar as possíveis associações entre os domínios de atividade física com a composição corporal medida por IMC e bioimpedância elétrica de sobreviventes ao câncer de mama, bem como, analisar a associação entre os hábitos alimentares e os diferentes domínios de atividade física nessa população. Métodos: As participantes foram recrutadas por meio de contato telefônico através de uma lista disponibilizada por uma instituição filantrópica de Presidente Prudente. Foram coletados dados pessoais e informações clínicas, seguido da coleta de medidas antropométricas através das medidas por IMC e circunferência de cintura. A composição corporal foi analisada pela bioimpedância elétrica. Os hábitos alimentares, bem como o nível de atividade física e dados sociodemográficos foram coletados por meio de questionários específicos para cada área avaliada. Resultados: Ao analisar a prática de atividade física e a composição corporal, observou-se que sobreviventes ao câncer de mama com maiores níveis de atividade física no lazer/esporte, apresentaram reduções no percentual de gordura corporal (β=1.13%; IC= -2.06; -0.21), IMC (β=0.80 kg/m²; IC= -1.50; -0.11), circunferência de cintura (β=1.89 cm; IC= -3.54; -0.23) e relação cintura-altura (β=0.13 cm; IC= -0.23; -0.02). Valores semelhantes foram observados nas atividades de locomoção e total. Não foi verificado correlação da atividade física ocupacional com indicadores de adiposidade corporal. Na análise da prática de atividade física com hábitos alimentares, foi verificado que sobreviventes ao câncer de mama com maiores níveis de atividade física de lazer/esporte apresentaram maior consumo de frutas (β=0.32; IC= 0.02;0.62), cereais (β=0.79; IC= 0.47; 1.10) e carne branca (β=0.31; IC= 0.05; 0.58), resultados similares foram observados com atividade física de deslocamento. Maiores níveis de atividade física foi relacionado ao maior consumo de verduras/legumes (β=0.28; IC= 0.05; 0.50) e menor consumo de doces (β=-0.33; IC= -0.59; -0.08). Conclusão: Maiores níveis de atividade física em seus diferentes domínios (ocupacional, lazer/esporte e deslocamento) estão relacionados com reduções dos parâmetros de adiposidade corporal em sobreviventes ao câncer de mama. Em relação aos hábitos alimentares, a medida que aumenta a prática de atividade física, aumenta-se também o consumo de alimentos considerados saudáveis e reduz o consumo de alimentos ricos em gorduras e açúcares.
Adjuvant treatments for breast cancer associated with unhealthy eating habits can cause important changes in the body composition of breast cancer survivors. In addition, the low adherence to the practice of physical activity in this population is worrying, since its absence can generate several complications, including the recurrence of the disease. However, due to controversies in the literature on this topic, it is important to carry out studies that better investigate the lifestyle of this population and that stratify the practice of physical activity by domains: occupational physical activity, physical activity in leisure / sport, physical activity of locomotion, total physical activity. Objective: To verify the possible associations between the domains of physical activity and the body composition measured by BMI and electrical bioimpedance of breast cancer survivors, as well as to analyze the association between eating habits and the different domains of physical activity in this population. Methods: Participants were recruited through telephone contact through a list provided by a philanthropic institution in Presidente Prudente. Personal data and clinical information were collected, followed by the collection of anthropometric measurements through measurements by BMI and waist circumference. Body composition was analyzed using electrical bioimpedance. Eating habits, as well as the level of physical activity and sociodemographic data were collected through specific questionnaires for each assessed area. Results: When analyzing the practice of physical activity and body composition, it was observed that breast cancer survivors with higher levels of physical activity in leisure / sport, presented reductions in the percentage of body fat (β = 1.13%; CI = - 2.06; -0.21), BMI (β = 0.80 kg / m²; CI = -1.50; -0.11), waist circumference (β = 1.89 cm; CI = -3.54; -0.23) and waist-height ratio (β = 0.13 cm; IC = -0.23; -0.02). Similar values were observed in locomotion and total activities. There was no correlation between occupational physical activity and indicators of body adiposity. In the analysis of the practice of physical activity with eating habits, it was found that breast cancer survivors with higher levels of leisure / sport physical activity had a higher consumption of fruits (β = 0.32; CI = 0.02; 0.62), cereals (β = 0.79; CI = 0.47; 1.10) and white meat (β = 0.31; CI = 0.05; 0.58), similar results were observed with displacement physical activity. Higher levels of physical activity were related to higher consumption of vegetables (β = 0.28; CI = 0.05; 0.50) and lower consumption of sweets (β = -0.33; CI = -0.59; -0.08). Conclusion: Higher levels of physical activity in its different domains (occupational, leisure / sport and commuting) are related to reductions in the parameters of body adiposity in breast cancer survivors. In relation to eating habits, as physical activity increases, so does the consumption of foods considered healthy and the consumption of foods rich in fats and sugars.
Adjuvant treatments for breast cancer associated with unhealthy eating habits can cause important changes in the body composition of breast cancer survivors. In addition, the low adherence to the practice of physical activity in this population is worrying, since its absence can generate several complications, including the recurrence of the disease. However, due to controversies in the literature on this topic, it is important to carry out studies that better investigate the lifestyle of this population and that stratify the practice of physical activity by domains: occupational physical activity, physical activity in leisure / sport, physical activity of locomotion, total physical activity. Objective: To verify the possible associations between the domains of physical activity and the body composition measured by BMI and electrical bioimpedance of breast cancer survivors, as well as to analyze the association between eating habits and the different domains of physical activity in this population. Methods: Participants were recruited through telephone contact through a list provided by a philanthropic institution in Presidente Prudente. Personal data and clinical information were collected, followed by the collection of anthropometric measurements through measurements by BMI and waist circumference. Body composition was analyzed using electrical bioimpedance. Eating habits, as well as the level of physical activity and sociodemographic data were collected through specific questionnaires for each assessed area. Results: When analyzing the practice of physical activity and body composition, it was observed that breast cancer survivors with higher levels of physical activity in leisure / sport, presented reductions in the percentage of body fat (β = 1.13%; CI = - 2.06; -0.21), BMI (β = 0.80 kg / m²; CI = -1.50; -0.11), waist circumference (β = 1.89 cm; CI = -3.54; -0.23) and waist-height ratio (β = 0.13 cm; IC = -0.23; -0.02). Similar values were observed in locomotion and total activities. There was no correlation between occupational physical activity and indicators of body adiposity. In the analysis of the practice of physical activity with eating habits, it was found that breast cancer survivors with higher levels of leisure / sport physical activity had a higher consumption of fruits (β = 0.32; CI = 0.02; 0.62), cereals (β = 0.79; CI = 0.47; 1.10) and white meat (β = 0.31; CI = 0.05; 0.58), similar results were observed with displacement physical activity. Higher levels of physical activity were related to higher consumption of vegetables (β = 0.28; CI = 0.05; 0.50) and lower consumption of sweets (β = -0.33; CI = -0.59; -0.08). Conclusion: Higher levels of physical activity in its different domains (occupational, leisure / sport and commuting) are related to reductions in the parameters of body adiposity in breast cancer survivors. In relation to eating habits, as physical activity increases, so does the consumption of foods considered healthy and the consumption of foods rich in fats and sugars.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Neoplasias da mama, Composição corporal, Comportamento alimentar, Atividade física, Breast neoplasms, Body composition, Feeding behavior, Physical activity