Caracterização de gerações F2 de híbridos simples de milho para incidência do complexo de enfezamento e rendimento de grãos
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2020-08-20
Autores
Silva, Leonardo Queiroz
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Atualmente as perdas pela severidade do complexo de enfezamento em milho podem atingir 100%, necessitando de estudos para diagnostico, identificação e controle dessas enfermidades. A proposta deste trabalho foi verificar a severidade do complexo de enfezamento em gerações F2 de híbridos simples comerciais e suas combinações, objetivando identificar cruzamentos potenciais para obtenção de linhagens superiores e formação de híbridos mais tolerantes e produtivos. Foram avaliados 12 parentais F2, 66 cruzamentos (dialelo completo) e três testemunhas, em delineamento látice quádruplo 9x9, em primeira e segunda safra. As avaliações de severidade foram realizadas 30 dias após o florescimento feminino, por uma escala de notas: 6 (plantas sem sintomas), 5 (plantas com menos de 25% de sintomas), 4 (plantas com 25-50% de sintomas), 3 (plantas com 50-75% de sintomas), 2 (plantas com mais de 75% de sintomas) e 1 (plantas mortas). A análise dialélica foi realizada pelo modelo IV proposto por Griffing. O cruzamento (IVF5xIVD8) x 60XB14 é o mais indicado para tolerância ao enfezamento e rendimento de grãos em ambas as safras. Apenas para rendimento de grãos (8Fx9D) x AG8088 e 60XB14 x XB6010 são os mais indicados para ambas as safras e os parentais DKB390, (IVF5xIVD8), 60XB14 e AG8088 poderão ser utilizados para formação de composto mais tolerante ao complexo de enfezamento.
Currently, losses for severity of Bushy Stunt and Corn Stunt complex can reach 100%, needing studies to diagnosis, identify and control their diseases. Thus, the proposal of this work is verify the severity of Bushy Stunt and Corn Stunt complex between F2 generations of commercial hybrids single-cross maize and their crossing, aiming to identify crossing with potential for withdrawal of inbred lines and obtaining of hybrid more tolerant and productive. Were evaluated 12 parental F2, their 66 crossings (complete dialel) and tree checks, in quadruple lattice 9x9 design, in first and second crop season. The assessments to severity were realized 30 days after female blossoming according the following notes scale: 6 (plants without symptoms), 5 (plants with less in 25% of symptoms), 4 (plants with 25-50% of symptoms), 3 (plants with 50-75% of symptoms), 2 (plants with more than 75% of symptoms) and 1 (dead plants). The diallelic analysis was performed by Griffing diallel analysis model. The crossing (IVF5xIVD8) x 60XB14 is the most indicated for tolerance for severity of Bushy stunt and corn stunt complex and grain yield and both crop season and can be indicated for withdrawal of inbred lines for obtaining superior hybrids. Only for grain yield, (8Fx9D) x AG8088 and 60XB14 x XB6010 would be the most indicated and both harvests and the parental DKB390, (IVF5xIVD8), 60XB14 e AG8088 may be used for tolerance composite to Bushy Stunt and Corn Stunt complex.
Currently, losses for severity of Bushy Stunt and Corn Stunt complex can reach 100%, needing studies to diagnosis, identify and control their diseases. Thus, the proposal of this work is verify the severity of Bushy Stunt and Corn Stunt complex between F2 generations of commercial hybrids single-cross maize and their crossing, aiming to identify crossing with potential for withdrawal of inbred lines and obtaining of hybrid more tolerant and productive. Were evaluated 12 parental F2, their 66 crossings (complete dialel) and tree checks, in quadruple lattice 9x9 design, in first and second crop season. The assessments to severity were realized 30 days after female blossoming according the following notes scale: 6 (plants without symptoms), 5 (plants with less in 25% of symptoms), 4 (plants with 25-50% of symptoms), 3 (plants with 50-75% of symptoms), 2 (plants with more than 75% of symptoms) and 1 (dead plants). The diallelic analysis was performed by Griffing diallel analysis model. The crossing (IVF5xIVD8) x 60XB14 is the most indicated for tolerance for severity of Bushy stunt and corn stunt complex and grain yield and both crop season and can be indicated for withdrawal of inbred lines for obtaining superior hybrids. Only for grain yield, (8Fx9D) x AG8088 and 60XB14 x XB6010 would be the most indicated and both harvests and the parental DKB390, (IVF5xIVD8), 60XB14 e AG8088 may be used for tolerance composite to Bushy Stunt and Corn Stunt complex.
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Capacidade de combinação, Dialelo, Espiroplasma, Fitoplasma, Heterose, Zea mays, Combining ability, Diallel, Spiroplasma, Phytoplasma, Heterosis, Zea mays