Fabrication and characterization of a novel herbicide delivery system with magnetic collectability and Its phytotoxic effect on photosystem II of aquatic macrophyte
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Data
2020-09-11
Autores
Forini, Mariana Monteiro de Lima
Antunes, Débora Ribeiro
Cavalcante, Luiz Aparecido Ferreira
Pontes, Montcharles da Silva
Biscalchim, Érica Rennó
Sanches, Alex Otavio
Santiago, Etevaldo Felipe
Fraceto, Leonardo Fernandes [UNESP]
Grillo, Renato [UNESP]
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American Chemical Society (ACS)
Resumo
The use of nano- and microparticles as a release system for agrochemicals has been increasing in agricultural sector. However, the production of eco-friendly and smart carriers that can be easily handled in the environment is still a challenge for this technology. In this context, we have developed a biodegradable release system for the herbicide atrazine with magnetic properties. Herein, we investigated the (a) physicochemical properties of the atrazine-loaded magnetic poly(ε-caprolactone) microparticles (MPs:ATZ), (b) in vitro release kinetic profile of the herbicide, and (c) phytotoxicity toward photosynthesis in the aquatic fern Azolla caroliniana. The encapsulation efficiency of the herbicide in the MPs:ATZ was ca. 69%, yielding spherical microparticles with a diameter of ca. 100 μm, a sustained-release profile, and easily manipulated with an external magnetic field. Also, phytotoxicity issues showed that the MPs:ATZ maintained their herbicidal activity via inhibition of PSII, showing lower toxicity compared with the nonencapsulated ATZ at 0.01 and 0.02 μmol·L–1. Therefore, this technology may conveniently promote a novel magnetic controlled release of the herbicide ATZ (with the potential to be collected from a watercourse) and act as a nutrient boost to the nontarget plant, with good herbicidal activity and reduced risk to the environment.
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Palavras-chave
Microparticles, Controlled release, Magnetic NPs, Atrazine, Azolla caroliniana