Análise de associação genômica para características de produção em búfalos de leite
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Data
2020-12-14
Autores
Roldan Montes, Valentina [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A busca por animais com maior potencial de produção e maior eficiência reprodutiva tem contribuído para a implementação de diferentes tipos de programas de seleção. Com a genômica, torna-se possível a seleção dos animais sem a necessidade de mensuração de seus próprios fenótipos e/ou de seus parentes, e tem-se, também, a possibilidade de realizar a busca de genes ou regiões cromossômicas envolvidas com a expressão das características, por meio do estudo de associação genômica ampla (GWAS). A GWAS tem como objetivo associar regiões do genoma com fenótipos de interesse, identificar possíveis regiões de maior efeito sobre a característica e, posteriormente, investigar as funções biológicas dos genes que foram encontrados nestas regiões, visando assim, aumentar a compreensão da influência genética sobre a expressão fenotípica. O objetivo desse trabalho foi identificar regiões genômicas associadas com as características de produção de leite (PL), produção de gordura (PG), produção de proteína (PP), e produção de mozzarella (PMZ), mediante análise de duas diferentes abordagens: regressão single-SNP e Bayes C, Em adição diferenciar os genes encontrados nessas regiões que podem auxiliar na interpretação da expressão e fisiologia da característica. Foram utilizados dados fenotípicos e genotípicos provenientes da primeira lactação de 4068, 372, 488, 482 búfalas da raça Murrah pertencentes ao programa de controle leiteiro de bubalinos mantidos pelo Departamento de Zootecnia da UNESP∕Jaboticabal, SP. No estudo de associação genômica ampla, foram identificadas algumas regiões cromossômicas polimórficas, sendo identificados 53 marcadores SNPs em comuns em ambas abordagens (Bayes C, regressão single-SNP), 30 SNPs para gordura, 18 para proteína e 5 para mozzarella. 9, 5 e 3 SNPs significativos para produção de gordura, proteína e mozzarella respetivamente pela abordagem Bayes C. 4 e 1 SNPs significativo para produção de gordura e proteína pela abordagem regressão single-SNP. Assim, os resultados têm permitido identificar diferentes regiões que continham genes importantes em diferentes processos biológicos e funções moleculares associadas pelo menos com um QTL, principalmente nos BBU6, BBU9, BBU3, BBU5 encontrassem os genes CRTC2, ILF2, RPS27, RHOBTB3, S100A1, S100A13, TRNAG-CCC, com efeito sob as diferentes características de qualidade do leite em búfalas avaliadas nessa pesquisa.
The search for animals with greater production potential and greater reproductive efficiency has contributed to the implementation of different types of selection programs. With genomics, it is possible to select animals without the need to measure their own phenotypes and / or their relatives, and there is also the possibility to search for genes or chromosomal regions involved with the expression characteristics, through the study of broad genomic association (GWAS). The objective of GWAS is to associate regions of the genome with phenotypes of interest, to identify possible regions of greatest effect on the trait and, subsequently, to investigate the biological functions of the genes that were found in these regions, thus seeking to increase the understanding of the genetic influence on phenotypic expression. The objective of this work was to identify genomic regions associated with the characteristics of milk production (PL), fat production (PG), protein production (PP), and mozzarella production (PMZ), by analyzing two different approaches: regression single-SNP and Bayes C, In addition to differentiate the genes found in these regions that can assist in the interpretation of the expression and physiology of the characteristic. Phenotypic and genotypic data from the first lactation of 4068, 372, 488, 482 Murrah buffaloes belonging to the buffalo milk control program maintained by the Department of Zootechnics at UNESP ∕ Jaboticabal, SP, were used. In the study of broad genomic association, some polymorphic chromosomal regions were identified, with 53 SNPs markers in common in both approaches (Bayes C, regression single-SNP), 30 SNPs for fat, 18 for protein and 5 for mozzarella. 9, 5 and 3 significant SNPs for fat, protein and mozzarella production respectively by the Bayes C approach. 4 and 1 significant SNPs for fat and protein production by the regression single-SNP approach. Thus, the results have allowed to identify different regions that contained important genes in different biological processes and molecular functions associated with at least one QTL, mainly in BBU6, BBU9, BBU3, BBU5 to find the CRTC2, ILF2, RPS27, RHOBTB3, S100A1, S100A13, TRNAG-CCC, with effect on the different quality characteristics of milk in buffaloes evaluated in this research.
The search for animals with greater production potential and greater reproductive efficiency has contributed to the implementation of different types of selection programs. With genomics, it is possible to select animals without the need to measure their own phenotypes and / or their relatives, and there is also the possibility to search for genes or chromosomal regions involved with the expression characteristics, through the study of broad genomic association (GWAS). The objective of GWAS is to associate regions of the genome with phenotypes of interest, to identify possible regions of greatest effect on the trait and, subsequently, to investigate the biological functions of the genes that were found in these regions, thus seeking to increase the understanding of the genetic influence on phenotypic expression. The objective of this work was to identify genomic regions associated with the characteristics of milk production (PL), fat production (PG), protein production (PP), and mozzarella production (PMZ), by analyzing two different approaches: regression single-SNP and Bayes C, In addition to differentiate the genes found in these regions that can assist in the interpretation of the expression and physiology of the characteristic. Phenotypic and genotypic data from the first lactation of 4068, 372, 488, 482 Murrah buffaloes belonging to the buffalo milk control program maintained by the Department of Zootechnics at UNESP ∕ Jaboticabal, SP, were used. In the study of broad genomic association, some polymorphic chromosomal regions were identified, with 53 SNPs markers in common in both approaches (Bayes C, regression single-SNP), 30 SNPs for fat, 18 for protein and 5 for mozzarella. 9, 5 and 3 significant SNPs for fat, protein and mozzarella production respectively by the Bayes C approach. 4 and 1 significant SNPs for fat and protein production by the regression single-SNP approach. Thus, the results have allowed to identify different regions that contained important genes in different biological processes and molecular functions associated with at least one QTL, mainly in BBU6, BBU9, BBU3, BBU5 to find the CRTC2, ILF2, RPS27, RHOBTB3, S100A1, S100A13, TRNAG-CCC, with effect on the different quality characteristics of milk in buffaloes evaluated in this research.
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Palavras-chave
Gwas, Leite, SNPs