O inconsciente é a política: contribuições do Dispositivo Intercessor para o saber-fazer da Terapia Ocupacional Psicossocial
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Data
2020-12-18
Autores
Shimoguiri, Ana Flávia Dias Tanaka
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O objetivo desta tese foi discutir as práticas em Saúde Mental à luz do Paradigma Psicossocial (PPS) postulado por Costa-Rosa. A partir da práxis clínica e institucional em Centros de Atenção Psicossocial (CAPS), se buscou fundamentar uma modalidade de terapia ocupacional na qual as possibilidades de tratamento para o sofrimento psíquico foram pensadas a partir de duas perspectivas: 1) da realidade social capitalista – que produz os determinantes socioeconômicos-culturais do adoecimento; e 2) da realidade psíquica – que produz o inconsciente e seus efeitos em cada estrutura clínica (recalcamento, renegação ou foraclusão). Esta reflexão teve a Saúde Mental como campo de trabalho e pesquisa. Partindo do PPS, o Dispositivo Intercessor (DI) tem sido desenvolvido com o objetivo de articular teoria e técnica, saber-fazer, tanto no âmbito dos CAPS quanto no âmbito da Universidade, visando construir terapêuticas fora da lógica da normalização e uma ciência fora da lógica disciplinar. O DI agrega saberes da psicanálise freudolacaniana e do Materialismo Histórico, passando pela Análise Institucional francesa e pela Filosofia da Diferença, é, necessariamente, um referencial transdisciplinar. As reflexões e problematizações trazidas nos ensaios pretenderam demonstrar que (re)inventar a terapia ocupacional (TO) é tão possível quanto eticamente necessário, assim, apresentamos a Terapia Ocupacional Psicossocial como uma ampliação da clínica, em direção ao sujeito cidadão e ao sujeito do inconsciente, de modo que as dimensões subjetiva e social tornam-se indissociáveis. O referente de ação da TO Psicossocial é o sujeito entre homens e entre significantes e seu principal meio de trabalho é o fazer atividades. O trabalho artesanal é considerado por Marx como a atividade vital do processo de humanização, em que ao fazer a pessoa faz a si mesmo, e é considerado pela psicanálise como uma tentativa de suplência, de estabilização, uma resposta singular aos impasses de subjetivação. O aspecto simbólico-criativo das atividades artísticas se desdobra em outras possibilidades do sujeito estar no laço social, outras formas de linguagem, outros significantes. Acreditamos que, somente por intermédio da ampliação da clínica será possível superar as terapêuticas ocupacionais do Paradigma Psiquiátrico Medicalocêntrico Hospitalizador, e, somente por intermédio da transdisciplinaridade e da complementaridade dos saberes, será possível fazer avançar a Saúde Coletiva e a Atenção Psicossocial.
The objective of this thesis was to discuss Mental Health practices from the Psychosocial Paradigm (PSP) postulated by Costa-Rosa. From the clinical and institutional praxis in Psychosocial Care Centers (PCC), we aim to substantiate an occupational therapy modality in which the treatment possibilities for psychic suffering are thought from two perspectives: 1) the capitalist social reality - that produces the socioeconomic-cultural determinants of illness; and 2) the psychic reality - that produces the unconscious and its effects on each clinical structure (repression, renegade or foreclosure). Our field of work and research is the Psychosocial Care. Based on PSP, the Intercessor Device has been developed to articulating theory and technique, know-how, in PCC and in the University’s field, aiming to produce therapies outside the logic of normalization and also a science outside the disciplinary logic. The ID aggregates knowledge from Freud and Lacan’s psychoanalysis and Historical Materialism, passing through the French Institutional Analysis and the Philosophy of Difference, it is necessarily a transdisciplinary reference. The reflections and problematizations that have been brought up in the essays intend to demonstrate that (re)inventing occupational therapy (OT) is as possible as ethically necessary, thus, we presente the Psychosocial Occupational Therapy as an extension of the clinic, including the citizen subject and the subject of the unconscious, so that the subjective and social dimensions are inseparable. The action referent of Psychosocial OT is the subject among men and among signifiers and its main means of work is the process of doing activity. The handicraft is considered by Marx as the vital activity of the humanization process, in which the person makes itself, and it is considered by Freud and Lacan as an activity of substitution, of stabilization, a singular response to the impasses of subjectivation. The focus is on the symbolic-creative aspect of artistic activities that opens up others possibilities of being in social bond, others language forms, others signifiers. Only through the expansion of the clinic it will be possible to overcome the Hospitalocentric Medicalizing Psychiatric Paradigm’s occupational therapies, and, only through transdisciplinarity and complementarity of knowledge will be possible to Collective Health and Psychosocial Care advancing.
The objective of this thesis was to discuss Mental Health practices from the Psychosocial Paradigm (PSP) postulated by Costa-Rosa. From the clinical and institutional praxis in Psychosocial Care Centers (PCC), we aim to substantiate an occupational therapy modality in which the treatment possibilities for psychic suffering are thought from two perspectives: 1) the capitalist social reality - that produces the socioeconomic-cultural determinants of illness; and 2) the psychic reality - that produces the unconscious and its effects on each clinical structure (repression, renegade or foreclosure). Our field of work and research is the Psychosocial Care. Based on PSP, the Intercessor Device has been developed to articulating theory and technique, know-how, in PCC and in the University’s field, aiming to produce therapies outside the logic of normalization and also a science outside the disciplinary logic. The ID aggregates knowledge from Freud and Lacan’s psychoanalysis and Historical Materialism, passing through the French Institutional Analysis and the Philosophy of Difference, it is necessarily a transdisciplinary reference. The reflections and problematizations that have been brought up in the essays intend to demonstrate that (re)inventing occupational therapy (OT) is as possible as ethically necessary, thus, we presente the Psychosocial Occupational Therapy as an extension of the clinic, including the citizen subject and the subject of the unconscious, so that the subjective and social dimensions are inseparable. The action referent of Psychosocial OT is the subject among men and among signifiers and its main means of work is the process of doing activity. The handicraft is considered by Marx as the vital activity of the humanization process, in which the person makes itself, and it is considered by Freud and Lacan as an activity of substitution, of stabilization, a singular response to the impasses of subjectivation. The focus is on the symbolic-creative aspect of artistic activities that opens up others possibilities of being in social bond, others language forms, others signifiers. Only through the expansion of the clinic it will be possible to overcome the Hospitalocentric Medicalizing Psychiatric Paradigm’s occupational therapies, and, only through transdisciplinarity and complementarity of knowledge will be possible to Collective Health and Psychosocial Care advancing.
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Palavras-chave
Saúde Mental, Atenção Psicossocial, Terapia Ocupacional, Psicanálise de Freud e Lacan, Arte