Densidade, tamanho e potencial extrativo do caranguejo-uçá (Ucides cordatus): uma análise integrativa, com foco na pesca e conservação
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Data
2020-11-18
Autores
Matsunaga, Akeme Milena Ferreira
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A utilização dos dados de densidade, estrutura e potencial extrativo do caranguejo-uçá consiste em imprescindível subsídio para o manejo da pesca. Portanto, a presente análise permite uma avaliação de uso e conservação do estoque pesqueiro em comento, coexistente à análise da densidade e tamanho do caranguejo-uçá em nível latitudinal, nível de inundação e sazonalidade; dos fatores abióticos e bióticos que influenciam a distribuição espacial de Ucides cordatus e do potencial extrativo deste recurso. Os resultados obtidos indicam um notório padrão que vem sendo mantido para esta espécie, mesmo com o passar dos anos, regido principalmente pelo nível de inundação promovido pelas marés, por ser fator primário e condicionador das demais variáveis que influenciam a densidade e estrutura da espécie. A espécie apresenta uma área de ocorrência (AO) associada a todo o sedimento, mas com densidade diferenciada, sendo menor em áreas de maior inundação (indivíduos reprodutivos) e maior nas reduzidas áreas de “apicum” (indivíduos juvenis), que são mais internas e de ocorrência diferencial na costa brasileira. Estudos acerca de potencial extrativo para utilizar como medidas de gestão constituem-se em uma ferramenta a mais na defesa e manutenção dos estoques pesqueiros concomitantemente de quem desse recurso detém sua sobrevivência. Assim, ficando evidente a preocupação com uso sustentável dos recursos pesqueiros aliados a obtenção de melhores resultados econômicos e sociais. Os resultados indicam que as margens de manguezal são mais indicadas para a extração sustentável deste recurso, enquanto os exemplares jovens utilizam as áreas de apicum para seu recrutamento, devendo, portanto, serem preservados para a manutenção dos estoques populacionais da espécie.
The use of data on density, structure and extractive potential of the Uçá crab is an essential subsidy for fisheries management. Therefore, the present analysis allows an analysis of the use and conservation of the fishing stock in question, coexisting with the analysis of the density and size of the uçá crab at the latitudinal level, level of flood and seasonality; the abiotic and biotic factors that influence the spatial distribution of U. cordatus and the extractive potential of this resource. The results obtained indicate a notorious pattern that has been maintained for this species, even over the years, mainly governed by the level of flooding promoted by the tides, as it is a primary factor and conditioner of the other variables that influence the density and structure of the species. The species presents an area of occurrence (AO) associated with the entire sediment, but with differentiated density, being smaller in areas of greater flooding (reproductive individuals) and greater in the reduced areas of “apicum” (juvenile individuals), which are more internal and of differential occurrence on the Brazilian coast. Studies on the extractive potential to be used as management measures, constitute an additional tool in the defense and maintenance of fisheries stocks, concomitantly with those who have this resource to survive. Thus, the concern with the sustainable use of fishing resources, coupled with obtaining better economic and social results, is evident. The results indicate that the mangrove margins are more suitable for the sustainable extraction of this resource, while the young specimens use the apicum areas for their recruitment, and should therefore be preserved for the maintenance of the population stocks of the species.
The use of data on density, structure and extractive potential of the Uçá crab is an essential subsidy for fisheries management. Therefore, the present analysis allows an analysis of the use and conservation of the fishing stock in question, coexisting with the analysis of the density and size of the uçá crab at the latitudinal level, level of flood and seasonality; the abiotic and biotic factors that influence the spatial distribution of U. cordatus and the extractive potential of this resource. The results obtained indicate a notorious pattern that has been maintained for this species, even over the years, mainly governed by the level of flooding promoted by the tides, as it is a primary factor and conditioner of the other variables that influence the density and structure of the species. The species presents an area of occurrence (AO) associated with the entire sediment, but with differentiated density, being smaller in areas of greater flooding (reproductive individuals) and greater in the reduced areas of “apicum” (juvenile individuals), which are more internal and of differential occurrence on the Brazilian coast. Studies on the extractive potential to be used as management measures, constitute an additional tool in the defense and maintenance of fisheries stocks, concomitantly with those who have this resource to survive. Thus, the concern with the sustainable use of fishing resources, coupled with obtaining better economic and social results, is evident. The results indicate that the mangrove margins are more suitable for the sustainable extraction of this resource, while the young specimens use the apicum areas for their recruitment, and should therefore be preserved for the maintenance of the population stocks of the species.
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Palavras-chave
Caranguejo-uçá, Pesca, Potencial extrativo, Manguezal, Uso sustentável, Caranguejo Pesca, Decápode (Crustáceo), Recursos pesqueiros