Nanoemulsão contendo óleo fixo de tucumã (Astrocaryum vulgare Mart.): desenvolvimento de um produto cosmético inovador para a pele
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Data
2021-02-01
Autores
Almeida, Fernanda Borges de
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Astrocaryum vulgare Mart é uma espécie de palmeira nativa e não endêmica do Brasil, pertence à família Arecaceae e é popularmente conhecida como tucumã. O óleo fixo de frutos de A. vulgare possui, em sua composição química, diversos carotenóides, responsáveis por conferir a sua coloração alaranjada, sendo o β-caroteno, o majoritário, além de ácidos graxos e fitosteróis. As substâncias encontradas no óleo fixo de A. vulgare são de classes com atividades biológicas importantes; porém, de características lipofílicas, o que dificulta a sua utilização em muitos produtos de matriz aquosa. Nesse contexto, a obtenção de sistemas nanoestruturados é uma excelente estratégia para solucionar esse problema. O objetivo deste trabalho foi desenvolver uma nanoemulsão, contendo óleo fixo de frutos de A. vulgare, por método de baixo aporte de energia. Para isso, foi determinado o teor de β-caroteno presente no óleo, avaliada a atividade antioxidante frente aos radicais DPPH• e ABTS•+, e frente à inibição da oxidação lipídica do sistema β-caroteno/Ácido linoleico, avaliada a atividade inibitória da enzima tirosinase, determinado o valor de EHLr da fase oleosa da formulação, avaliada a influência de diferentes tensoativos sobre a nanoemulsificação, determinada a região de formação de nanoemulsão no diagrama pseudoternário e avaliada a estabilidade da nanoemulsão escolhida, por 90 dias. O óleo de A. vulgare possui um teor de 272,67 mg de β-caroteno por grama de óleo. O EC50 para o radical DPPH• foi de 0,676 mg/mL, o TEAC para o radical ABTS•+ foi de 908,29 μM Trolox/mg de óleo e o percentual de inibição da oxidação do sistema β-caroteno/Ácido linoleico foi de 47,36%. A enzima tirosinase foi 96,94% inibida na primeira hora e 99,33% na segunda hora de análise. O EHLr da fase oleosa foi determinado como 14 e o melhor par de tensoativo foi PPG-5-Ceteth-20 e Sorbitan Oleate, obtendo-se uma nanoemulsão estável com tamanho médio de gotícula de 174,1 nm, PDI de 0,295 e potencial zeta de 20,7 mV, em módulo. Dessa maneira, o óleo fixo de A. vulgare possui potencial na redução do melasma na pele. Além disso, a nanoemulsão apresenta um potencial no uso como nanocosmético verde, visto que sua produção utiliza métodos de baixo aporte de energia, sem aquecimento e sem uso de solventes orgânicos.
Astrocaryum vulgare Mart is a species of palm native and not endemic from Brazil, belonging to the Arecaceae family, it is popularly known as tucumã. The fixed oil of A. vulgare fruits has in its chemical composition several carotenoids, responsible for giving its orange color, with β-carotene being the major factor besides fatty acids and phytosterols. The compounds found in the fixed oil of A. vulgare are from classes with important biological activities; however, with lipophilic characteristics, which makes it difficult to use in many aqueous matrix products. In this context, obtaining nanostructured systems is an excellent strategy to solve this problem. The aim of this work was to develop a nanoemulsion containing fixed oil from A. vulgare fruits using a low energy method. For this, the content of β-carotene present in the oil was determined, the antioxidant activity was evaluated against the radicals DPPH•, ABTS•+ and against of inhibition of lipidic oxidation of β-carotene/Linoleic acid system, the inhibitory activity of the tyrosinase enzyme was evaluated, the HLBr value of the oil phase of the formulation was determined, evaluated at influence of different surfactants on the nanoemulsification, the region of formation of the nanoemulsion in the pseudo ternary diagram was determined and the stability of the chosen nanoemulsion for 90 days was evaluated. A. vulgare oil has a content of 272.67 mg of β-carotene per gram of oil. The EC50 for the DPPH• radical was 0.676 mg/mL, the TEAC for the ABTS•+ radical was 908.29 μM Trolox/mg of oil and the percentage of oxidation inhibition was 47.36%. The tyrosinase enzyme was 96.94% inhibited in the first hour and 99.33% in the second hour of analysis. The HLBr of the oil phase was determined to be 14 and the best surfactant pair was PPG-5-Ceteth-20 and Sorbitan Oleate, obtaining a stable nanoemulsion with an average droplet size of 174.1 nm, PDI of 0.295 and zeta potential of 20.7 mV, in module. In this way, the nanoemulsion containing fixed oil of A. vulgare has great potential for reducing melasma on the skin. Moreover, the nanoemulsion has a potential for use as a green nanocosmetic, since its production uses low energy input methods, without heating and without using organic solvents.
Astrocaryum vulgare Mart is a species of palm native and not endemic from Brazil, belonging to the Arecaceae family, it is popularly known as tucumã. The fixed oil of A. vulgare fruits has in its chemical composition several carotenoids, responsible for giving its orange color, with β-carotene being the major factor besides fatty acids and phytosterols. The compounds found in the fixed oil of A. vulgare are from classes with important biological activities; however, with lipophilic characteristics, which makes it difficult to use in many aqueous matrix products. In this context, obtaining nanostructured systems is an excellent strategy to solve this problem. The aim of this work was to develop a nanoemulsion containing fixed oil from A. vulgare fruits using a low energy method. For this, the content of β-carotene present in the oil was determined, the antioxidant activity was evaluated against the radicals DPPH•, ABTS•+ and against of inhibition of lipidic oxidation of β-carotene/Linoleic acid system, the inhibitory activity of the tyrosinase enzyme was evaluated, the HLBr value of the oil phase of the formulation was determined, evaluated at influence of different surfactants on the nanoemulsification, the region of formation of the nanoemulsion in the pseudo ternary diagram was determined and the stability of the chosen nanoemulsion for 90 days was evaluated. A. vulgare oil has a content of 272.67 mg of β-carotene per gram of oil. The EC50 for the DPPH• radical was 0.676 mg/mL, the TEAC for the ABTS•+ radical was 908.29 μM Trolox/mg of oil and the percentage of oxidation inhibition was 47.36%. The tyrosinase enzyme was 96.94% inhibited in the first hour and 99.33% in the second hour of analysis. The HLBr of the oil phase was determined to be 14 and the best surfactant pair was PPG-5-Ceteth-20 and Sorbitan Oleate, obtaining a stable nanoemulsion with an average droplet size of 174.1 nm, PDI of 0.295 and zeta potential of 20.7 mV, in module. In this way, the nanoemulsion containing fixed oil of A. vulgare has great potential for reducing melasma on the skin. Moreover, the nanoemulsion has a potential for use as a green nanocosmetic, since its production uses low energy input methods, without heating and without using organic solvents.
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Palavras-chave
Astrocaryum vulgare, óleo de tucumã, nanoemulsão, antioxidante, melasma