Reaproveitamento do resíduo lama de cal proveniente da indústria de celulose aplicado como carga em emplasto de gesso
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Data
2020-07-27
Autores
Tolosa, Gabrieli Roefero
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Nos últimos anos, com o aumento no índice populacional, torna-se cada vez maior a quantidade de resíduos gerada, tanto urbano como industrial. Desta forma, a produção sustentável e a reserva de recursos naturais tornaram-se questões globais e várias indústrias integram essas questões à sua política de desenvolvimento tecnológico, especialmente para a reutilização de resíduos e criação de novos materiais sustentáveis. Nessa dissertação, demonstra-se a incorporação do resíduo Lama de Cal, proveniente da produção de celulose através do processo Kraft, na composição de um emplastro de gesso. Esta aplicação visa o reaproveitamento do resíduo, reduzindo os impactos ambientais causados não só pela inadequação na forma de descarte, mas também pela extração do gesso. Para tanto, a Lama de Cal, passou por um processo de secagem, sendo aplicada, posteriormente, em formulações de gesso/Lama de cal com 95/5 (LC 5 ), 85/15 (LC 15 ) e 75/25 (LC 25 ). Foram realizados ensaios de caracterização como granulometria, composição química, pH e densidade do resíduo, tempo de endurecimento do emplasto e também suas propriedades físicas e mecânicas foram ensaiadas de acordo com requisitos das normas ASTM 472-99, ASMT C28, UNE-EN 13279, NBR 12129 e NBR 13207. A resistência a flexão do Gesso aos 21 dias alcançou 5,7 MPa comparando com os 5,4 MPa do LC 5 , houve uma redução de apenas 5%, mas ainda se mantendo nos valor mínimo especificado de 2,0 MPa. A resistência a compressão axial para o LC 15 foi de 10,15 MPa , já para o Gesso foi de 12,15 MPa, uma diferença de 16,5 %, porém bem acima do valor mínimo especificado de 6,0 MPa. Os resultados comprovam a viabilidade da substituição parcial do gesso pelo resíduo na produção do emplasto, como forma alternativa de reuso do resíduo, reduzindo o uso de gesso como matéria prima.
In recent years, with the increase in the population index, the amount of waste generated of both urban and industrial, is increasing. In this way, sustainable production and reserve of natural resources have become global issues and various industries integrate these issues into their technology development policy, especially for the reuse of waste and the creation of new sustainable materials. This dissertation demonstrates the incorporation of the Lime Mud residue, from the production of cellulose through the Kraft process, in the composition of a gypsum plaster. This application aims to reuse the waste, reducing the environmental impacts caused not only by inadequate disposal, but also by the extraction of gypsum. To this end, the Lime Mud underwent a drying process and was subsequently applied in formulations gypsum / Lime Mud with 95/5 (LC 5 ), 85/15 (LC 15 ) and 75/25 (LC 25 ). Characterization tests were carried out such as granulometry, chemical composition, pH and density of the residue, setting time and also its physical and mechanical properties were tested according to the requirements of ASTM 472-99, ASMT C28, UNE-EN 13279, NBR 12129 and NBR 13207 standards. The flexure for Gypsum at 21 days reached 5.7 MPa compared to LC 5 5.4 MPa, there was a reduction of only 5%, but remaining at the specified minimum value of 2.0 MPa. The axial compressive strength for LC 15 was 10.15 MPa, while for Gypsum plaster was 12.15 MPa, a difference of 16.5%, but well above the specified minimum value of 6.0 MPa. The results prove the viability of the partial replacement of the plaster by the residue in the production of the plaster, as an alternative form of waste reuse, reducing the use of plaster as raw material.
In recent years, with the increase in the population index, the amount of waste generated of both urban and industrial, is increasing. In this way, sustainable production and reserve of natural resources have become global issues and various industries integrate these issues into their technology development policy, especially for the reuse of waste and the creation of new sustainable materials. This dissertation demonstrates the incorporation of the Lime Mud residue, from the production of cellulose through the Kraft process, in the composition of a gypsum plaster. This application aims to reuse the waste, reducing the environmental impacts caused not only by inadequate disposal, but also by the extraction of gypsum. To this end, the Lime Mud underwent a drying process and was subsequently applied in formulations gypsum / Lime Mud with 95/5 (LC 5 ), 85/15 (LC 15 ) and 75/25 (LC 25 ). Characterization tests were carried out such as granulometry, chemical composition, pH and density of the residue, setting time and also its physical and mechanical properties were tested according to the requirements of ASTM 472-99, ASMT C28, UNE-EN 13279, NBR 12129 and NBR 13207 standards. The flexure for Gypsum at 21 days reached 5.7 MPa compared to LC 5 5.4 MPa, there was a reduction of only 5%, but remaining at the specified minimum value of 2.0 MPa. The axial compressive strength for LC 15 was 10.15 MPa, while for Gypsum plaster was 12.15 MPa, a difference of 16.5%, but well above the specified minimum value of 6.0 MPa. The results prove the viability of the partial replacement of the plaster by the residue in the production of the plaster, as an alternative form of waste reuse, reducing the use of plaster as raw material.
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Palavras-chave
Gesso, Lama de cal, Resíduo, Enchimento, Emplasto, Plaster, Lime mud, Residue, Filling