A sexualidade de homens com HIV/AIDS que fazem sexo com homens
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Data
2021-02-03
Autores
Fernandes, Ítalo [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Este é um estudo sobre as vivências da sexualidade de homens com o Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana (HIV) que fazem sexo com homens. A presente pesquisa foi ancorada na ideia de contextualizar a trajetória do HIV desde o surgimento da doença até os dias atuais. Teve como base uma revisão da literatura, em que foram selecionados 3 eixos temáticos: (1) A doença na interface com o estigma; (2) A doença na interface com as políticas de saúde pública; e (3) A doença na interface com a mídia. Partindo dessas perspectivas, busca-se compreender os significados e sentidos atribuídos às vivências sexuais de homens com HIV que fazem sexo com homens. Para desvelar o mundo-vida dos colaboradores, elegeu-se a metodologia qualitativa fenomenológica. As entrevistas foram realizadas por meio de um diálogo com 7 colaboradores que aceitaram em participar da pesquisa, norteado pela seguinte questão: “Conte para mim sua história de vida pela perspectiva de sua educação sexual, a partir de sua infância, adolescência, juventude e fase adulta, ou seja, até a descoberta de sua sorologia positiva para o HIV e após”. As entrevistas foram gravadas, transcritas na íntegra, e analisadas dando início a compreensão e interpretação do fenômeno. Estes relatos indicam, na esfera do privado e do íntimo das famílias, a ausência de diálogos amorosos e formativos, acerca da sexualidade de seus filhos. A escola, como matriz de sentidos, falhou na educação desses homens, pois integralizou o “o não dito” como prática educativa, assumindo assim a responsabilidade de exposição dessas gerações às infecções sexualmente transmissíveis e, principalmente, ao HIV. No cenário atual, o obscurantismo e a desvalorização da ciência se fortaleceram, por meio de retrocessos e o esmorecimento de políticas educacionais e de saúde pública voltadas para a Educação Sexual e a prevenção do HIV. São essas nuances cotidianas que passam a ser compreendidas como fatores que corroboram, embora não sejam os únicos, com o aumento de homens com HIV na contemporaneidade.
This is a study on the experiences of sexuality of men with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) who have sex with men. This research was anchored in the idea of contextualizing the trajectory of HIV from the onset of the disease to the present day. It was based on a literature review, in which 3 thematic axes were selected: (1) Disease at the interface with stigma; (2) The disease at the interface with public health policies; and (3) The disease at the interface with the media. From these perspectives, we seek to understand the meanings and senses attributed to the sexual experiences of men with HIV who have sex with men. To unveil the collaborators' world-life, the phenomenological qualitative methodology was chosen. The interviews were conducted through a dialogue with 7 collaborators who agreed to participate in the research, guided by the following question: “Tell me your life story from the perspective of your sexual education, from your childhood, adolescence, youth and stage adult, that is, until the discovery of his HIV positive serology and after”. The interviews were recorded, transcribed in full, and analyzed, beginning the understanding and interpretation of the phenomenon. These reports indicate, in the private and intimate sphere of families, the absence of loving and formative dialogues about the sexuality of their children. The school, as a matrix of meanings, failed to educate these men, as it incorporated “the unsaid” as an educational practice, thus assuming the responsibility of exposing these generations to sexually transmitted infections and, mainly, to HIV. In the current scenario, obscurantism and the devaluation of science have been strengthened, through setbacks and the fading of educational and public health policies aimed at Sex Education and HIV prevention. It is these daily nuances that come to be understood as factors that corroborate, although they are not the only ones, with the increase in men with HIV in contemporary times.
This is a study on the experiences of sexuality of men with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) who have sex with men. This research was anchored in the idea of contextualizing the trajectory of HIV from the onset of the disease to the present day. It was based on a literature review, in which 3 thematic axes were selected: (1) Disease at the interface with stigma; (2) The disease at the interface with public health policies; and (3) The disease at the interface with the media. From these perspectives, we seek to understand the meanings and senses attributed to the sexual experiences of men with HIV who have sex with men. To unveil the collaborators' world-life, the phenomenological qualitative methodology was chosen. The interviews were conducted through a dialogue with 7 collaborators who agreed to participate in the research, guided by the following question: “Tell me your life story from the perspective of your sexual education, from your childhood, adolescence, youth and stage adult, that is, until the discovery of his HIV positive serology and after”. The interviews were recorded, transcribed in full, and analyzed, beginning the understanding and interpretation of the phenomenon. These reports indicate, in the private and intimate sphere of families, the absence of loving and formative dialogues about the sexuality of their children. The school, as a matrix of meanings, failed to educate these men, as it incorporated “the unsaid” as an educational practice, thus assuming the responsibility of exposing these generations to sexually transmitted infections and, mainly, to HIV. In the current scenario, obscurantism and the devaluation of science have been strengthened, through setbacks and the fading of educational and public health policies aimed at Sex Education and HIV prevention. It is these daily nuances that come to be understood as factors that corroborate, although they are not the only ones, with the increase in men with HIV in contemporary times.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
HIV/AIDS, Homens que fazem sexo com homens, Fenomenologia, Educação sexual, Fala autêntica, Men who have sex with men, Phenomenology, Sexual education, Authentic speech, HSH