Agricultura familiar em Iperó/SP a partir da análise de conteúdo em teses e dissertações
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Data
2021-02-22
Autores
Prestes, Josiana Aparecida
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A sustentabilidade tem sido uma questão central no debate em diversas áreas das atividades humanas. Na agricultura isso não tem sido diferente e a busca por modelos alternativos de produção que causem menos impactos e contemplem a dimensão ambiental, social e econômica dos sistemas é um desafio que se coloca em caráter de urgência. A agricultura familiar é um segmento dentro da agricultura que tem se esforçado para promover mudanças em suas práticas produtivas de forma mais sustentável. Nesse contexto, a agroecologia tem se mostrado como uma estratégia de produção utilizada pelos agricultores familiares para avançar na sustentabilidade nos seus agroecossistemas, ao incorporar os saberes tradicionais com o conhecimento cientifico interdisciplinar. As universidades tem um papel importante nesse processo de transição, na construção e difusão do conhecimento agroecológico junto as famílias agricultoras. Assim, o presente trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar qual tem sido a contribuição e tendências da produção acadêmica sobre agricultura familiar realizada junto aos agricultores familiares do município de Iperó. Para tanto, realizou-se a Análise de Conteúdo (AC) de teses e dissertações de forma a identificar as instituições, temáticas dos trabalhos e as contribuições para o entendimento acerca do tema. Observou-se que todos os trabalhos tiveram como público alvo a população rural dos assentamentos de reforma agrária do município. Verificou-se a tendência e potencialidades da produção agroecológica nos assentamentos, porém foram evidenciadas dificuldades dos agricultores para transição de seus agroecossistemas, relacionadas principalmente à assistência técnica, infraestrutura e mão de obra. Há dificuldades também em relação ao escoamento de produção, mas sobre esse aspecto verificou-se um movimento de organização e articulação dos agricultores com entidades da sociedade civil para comercialização de seus produtos, em detrimento de ausência de políticas públicas com essa finalidade. Concluiu-se que os trabalhos foram realizados por quatros instituições (UFScar, UNICAMP, USP e UNESP) e apresentaram tendências, as quais foram categorizadas em três temáticas principais (Reforma agrária e assentamentos, Agroecologia e Conservação ambiental, Escoamento de produção), que permitiram a descrição das principais características da agricultura familiar na região dos assentamentos, possibilitando a identificação das principais fragilidades, potencialidades e campos para a elaboração de novas pesquisas.
Sustainability has been a central issue in the debate in several areas of human activities. In agriculture, this has been no different and the search for alternative production models that cause less impact and consider the environmental, social and economic dimension of the systems is an urgent challenge. Family farming is a segment of agriculture that has been striving to promote changes in its production practices in a more sustainable manner. In this context, agroecology has proven to be a production strategy used by family farmers to advance sustainability in their agrosystems by incorporating traditional knowledge with interdisciplinary scientific knowledge. Universities play an important role in this transition process, in building and disseminating agroecological knowledge to farming families. Thus, this work aimed to evaluate the contribution and trends of academic production on family agriculture carried out with family farmers in the municipality of Iperó. For this purpose, the content of theses and dissertations was analyzed in order to identify the institutions, work themes and contributions to the topic understanding. It was noted that all the studies were aimed at the rural population of the municipality's land reform settlements. It was noted the trend and potential of agroecological production in the settlements, but difficulties for farmers in transitioning their agrosystems, mainly related to technical assistance, infrastructure and labor, were highlighted. There are also difficulties in terms of production outlets, but there has been a movement to organize and articulate farmers with civil society entities to market their products, to the contrary of the absence of public policies to this end. It was concluded that the works were carried out by four institutions (UFScar, UNICAMP, USP and UNESP) and presented trends, which were categorized in three main themes (Land reform and settlements, Agroecology and Environmental Conservation, Production outflow), that allowed the description of the main characteristics of family farming in the region of the settlements, enabling the identification of the main weaknesses, potentialities and fields for the elaboration of new research.
Sustainability has been a central issue in the debate in several areas of human activities. In agriculture, this has been no different and the search for alternative production models that cause less impact and consider the environmental, social and economic dimension of the systems is an urgent challenge. Family farming is a segment of agriculture that has been striving to promote changes in its production practices in a more sustainable manner. In this context, agroecology has proven to be a production strategy used by family farmers to advance sustainability in their agrosystems by incorporating traditional knowledge with interdisciplinary scientific knowledge. Universities play an important role in this transition process, in building and disseminating agroecological knowledge to farming families. Thus, this work aimed to evaluate the contribution and trends of academic production on family agriculture carried out with family farmers in the municipality of Iperó. For this purpose, the content of theses and dissertations was analyzed in order to identify the institutions, work themes and contributions to the topic understanding. It was noted that all the studies were aimed at the rural population of the municipality's land reform settlements. It was noted the trend and potential of agroecological production in the settlements, but difficulties for farmers in transitioning their agrosystems, mainly related to technical assistance, infrastructure and labor, were highlighted. There are also difficulties in terms of production outlets, but there has been a movement to organize and articulate farmers with civil society entities to market their products, to the contrary of the absence of public policies to this end. It was concluded that the works were carried out by four institutions (UFScar, UNICAMP, USP and UNESP) and presented trends, which were categorized in three main themes (Land reform and settlements, Agroecology and Environmental Conservation, Production outflow), that allowed the description of the main characteristics of family farming in the region of the settlements, enabling the identification of the main weaknesses, potentialities and fields for the elaboration of new research.
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Palavras-chave
Ecologia agrícola, Agricultura sustentável, População rural, Reforma agrária, Comercialização, Agricultural ecology, Sustainable Agriculture, Rural population, Land reform, Commercialization