Preconceito contra filh@s adotad@s por famílias homoparentais
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Data
2021-05-20
Autores
Soares, Patrícia Damiana de Oliveira Pereira [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Ao longo da história, as diversas sociedades existentes se responsabilizaram por ditar convenções/padrões sociais nos modos de interação e de relação com o próximo, baseando-se em critérios estabelecidos por instituições dogmáticas. A família foi uma das instituições que mais sofreu ou acolheu certas padronizações em sua configuração e arranjo, recebendo a tarefa de estimar duas pessoas de sexos biológicos ou gêneros opostos e seus descendentes consanguíneos (família nuclear), como se somente esta construção existisse ou fosse a única família a ser reconhecida. Arranjos que fujam do normativo, receberam ao longo da história um escrutínio rigoroso em suas formações, acarretando inclusive em rejeição por parte de outras instituições, como a religiosa, por exemplo. Nesse sentido, o modelo formado por pessoas do mesmo sexo ou gênero, pode colher situações de preconceito capazes de interferirem na plenitude da existência de seus direitos, repercutindo, inclusive, na questão da instituição da adoção. Por isso, o presente estudo busca perscrutar e relatar possíveis situações de preconceito sofridos tanto pelas famílias quanto pelos/as filhos/as adotados/as, bem como suas vivências escolares para saber se estes ou estas sofrem algum tipo de segregação ou qualquer forma de opressão na comunidade ou na escola, tanto por serem frutos da adoção quanto por serem provenientes de famílias homoparentais. Trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratória com coleta de dados por meio de questionário qualitativo, e buscou-se analisar manifestações ou situações de preconceito a partir dos relatos de seus pais e suas mães adotantes. Foi elaborado um questionário com 21 perguntas direcionadas aos pais e mães que passaram pelo processo de adoção legal, mantendo em total sigilo as suas identidades, através de uma amostra por conveniência divulgada em redes sociais e comunidades de famílias homoparentais que passaram por tal processo. Tal questionário abordou as vivências pessoais dessas famílias e situações no âmbito escolar, e verificou-se a presença do preconceito, da homofobia e despreparo das escolas em relação a este assunto. Por isso, também se objetiva com esta pesquisa descortinar mitos, equívocos e curiosidades que envolvem o tema, bem como ajudar no acolhimento dos adotivos, para que a inclusão seja melhor trabalhada tanto na comunidade quanto no ambiente escolar, e possa, assim, ser minimizada a perpetuação da intolerância.
Throughout history, the various existing societies were responsible for dictating social conventions/patterns in the interaction and relationship with others based on criteria established by dogmatic institutions. Family is one of the institutions which suffered the most or that incorporated certain standardizations in its configuration and arrangement, receiving the task of accepting two people of biological sexes or opposite genders and their consanguineous descendants (nuclear family), as if only this construction existed or was the only family to be recognized. On the other hand, arrangements that diverge from the normative have received rigorous scrutiny throughout history in their formations, even resulting in rejection by other institutions, such as the religious one, for example. In this sense, the model formed by people of the same sex or gender can encompass situations of prejudice capable of interfering in the complete existence of their rights, even reflecting on the issue of the institution of adoption. Therefore, the present study seeks to search and report possible situations of prejudice suffered by both families and adopted children, as well as their school experiences, to know if they suffer some segregation or any form of oppression in the community or at school, both because they are adopted and because they come from same-sex parented families. This is an exploratory research with data collection through a qualitative questionnaire, and we sought to analyze manifestations or situations of prejudice from the reports of their adopting fathers and mothers. A questionnaire was prepared with 21 questions directed to fathers and mothers who went through legal adoption, keeping their identities completely confidential, through a convenience sample published in social media and communities of same-sex parented families that went through this process. This questionnaire addressed the personal experiences of these families and situations in the school environment and verified the presence of prejudice, homophobia, and unpreparedness of schools concerning this subject. Ergo, this research also aims to unveil myths, misconceptions, and curiosities that involve the theme, and help in the reception of the adopted, so that inclusion is better worked both in the community and in the school environment. Thus, the perpetuation of intolerance can be minimized.
Throughout history, the various existing societies were responsible for dictating social conventions/patterns in the interaction and relationship with others based on criteria established by dogmatic institutions. Family is one of the institutions which suffered the most or that incorporated certain standardizations in its configuration and arrangement, receiving the task of accepting two people of biological sexes or opposite genders and their consanguineous descendants (nuclear family), as if only this construction existed or was the only family to be recognized. On the other hand, arrangements that diverge from the normative have received rigorous scrutiny throughout history in their formations, even resulting in rejection by other institutions, such as the religious one, for example. In this sense, the model formed by people of the same sex or gender can encompass situations of prejudice capable of interfering in the complete existence of their rights, even reflecting on the issue of the institution of adoption. Therefore, the present study seeks to search and report possible situations of prejudice suffered by both families and adopted children, as well as their school experiences, to know if they suffer some segregation or any form of oppression in the community or at school, both because they are adopted and because they come from same-sex parented families. This is an exploratory research with data collection through a qualitative questionnaire, and we sought to analyze manifestations or situations of prejudice from the reports of their adopting fathers and mothers. A questionnaire was prepared with 21 questions directed to fathers and mothers who went through legal adoption, keeping their identities completely confidential, through a convenience sample published in social media and communities of same-sex parented families that went through this process. This questionnaire addressed the personal experiences of these families and situations in the school environment and verified the presence of prejudice, homophobia, and unpreparedness of schools concerning this subject. Ergo, this research also aims to unveil myths, misconceptions, and curiosities that involve the theme, and help in the reception of the adopted, so that inclusion is better worked both in the community and in the school environment. Thus, the perpetuation of intolerance can be minimized.
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Palavras-chave
Família homoparental, Adoção, Filhos adotivos, Homoparentalidade, Diversidade