A elite do rock: poder simbólico e distinção no mainstream do rock brasileiro dos anos 1980
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Data
2021-05-28
Autores
Rosa, Tiago Barros de Oliveira [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Trata-se de um estudo sobre o rock brasileiro dos anos 1980, o Rock Brasil, geração musical que emergiu, alcançou sucesso comercial e reconhecimento, por meio das instâncias de consagração da música popular brasileira, ao mesmo tempo em que, na esfera política e social, ocorria o processo de redemocratização do país. A partir dos pressupostos teórico metodológicos de Pierre Bourdieu, realizamos um estudo da biografia coletiva (prosopografia) dos roqueiros brasileiros do referido período, buscando identificar o perfil social coletivo dos expoentes desta vertente musical e possíveis explicações de como estes agentes foram capturados pela indústria fonográfica, além de fazer a análise de algumas músicas e declarações dos mesmos. A pesquisa prosopográfica demonstrou que o mainstream da geração de roqueiros brasileiros dos anos 1980 foi formada por indivíduos jovens, brancos, do sexo masculino, detentores de alto grau de capitais econômico, social e cultural (com circulação pelo exterior e socialização com o rock internacional). Esse perfil, que possuía alguma orquestração com o perfil do novo público consumidor, dialogava com a necessidade de renovação da indústria fonográfica. Em contraposição, vemos nos agentes do considerado rock underground do mesmo período, a predominância de jovens egressos de bairros periféricos da cidade de São Paulo, trabalhadores assalariados e com baixa escolaridade. Assim, a pesquisa aponta coexistir – no interior do agrupamento mainstream e no interior do underground – algo que chamamos de uma homologia no habitus de classe, objetivada, aqui, por meio das trajetórias analisadas. Por fim, destacamos que a partir do sucesso comercial, da projeção pública alcançada e do capital simbólico adquirido, alguns desses artistas foram alçados à condição de “porta-vozes” da juventude, contribuindo, em alguma medida, na construção e, principalmente, reprodução de visões sobre o Brasil, os brasileiros e a política nacional.
It is a study on Brazilian rock of the 1980s, a musical generation that emerged, achieved commercial success and recognition, through the instances of consecration of Brazilian popular music, at the same time that, in the political and social sphere, the redemocratization process in the country. Based on Pierre Bourdieu's theoretical and methodological assumptions, we conducted a study of the collective biography (prosopography) of Brazilian rockers of the period, seeking to identify the collective social profile of the exponents of this musical aspect, in addition to possible explanations of how these agents were captured by phonographic industry. Prosopographic research demonstrated that the mainstream of the generation of Brazilian rockers of the 1980s was formed by young, white, male individuals, holders of a high degree of economic, social and cultural capital (with circulation abroad and socialization with international rock) . This profile, which had some orchestration with the profile of the new consumer audience, spoke to the need for renewal of the music industry. In contrast, we see in the agents of what is considered underground rock from the same period, the predominance of young people from the outskirts of the city of São Paulo, salaried workers and with low education. Thus, the research aims to coexist - inside the mainstream group and inside the underground - something that we call a homology in the class habitus, aimed here, through the analyzed trajectories. Finally, we highlight that based on the commercial success, the public projection achieved and the symbolic capital acquired, some of these artists were raised to the condition of “spokespersons” for youth, contributing, to some extent, in the construction and reproduction of views Brazil, Brazilians and national politics.
It is a study on Brazilian rock of the 1980s, a musical generation that emerged, achieved commercial success and recognition, through the instances of consecration of Brazilian popular music, at the same time that, in the political and social sphere, the redemocratization process in the country. Based on Pierre Bourdieu's theoretical and methodological assumptions, we conducted a study of the collective biography (prosopography) of Brazilian rockers of the period, seeking to identify the collective social profile of the exponents of this musical aspect, in addition to possible explanations of how these agents were captured by phonographic industry. Prosopographic research demonstrated that the mainstream of the generation of Brazilian rockers of the 1980s was formed by young, white, male individuals, holders of a high degree of economic, social and cultural capital (with circulation abroad and socialization with international rock) . This profile, which had some orchestration with the profile of the new consumer audience, spoke to the need for renewal of the music industry. In contrast, we see in the agents of what is considered underground rock from the same period, the predominance of young people from the outskirts of the city of São Paulo, salaried workers and with low education. Thus, the research aims to coexist - inside the mainstream group and inside the underground - something that we call a homology in the class habitus, aimed here, through the analyzed trajectories. Finally, we highlight that based on the commercial success, the public projection achieved and the symbolic capital acquired, some of these artists were raised to the condition of “spokespersons” for youth, contributing, to some extent, in the construction and reproduction of views Brazil, Brazilians and national politics.
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Sociologia da cultura, Música, Rock brasileiro, Marcadores simbólicos, Habitus