Editorial e carta do editor: uma análise dialógica do discurso
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Data
2021-05-28
Autores
Fornel, Lorenna Mayara [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A esfera jornalística é composta por gêneros discursivos específicos que visam a estabelecer a comunicação e a interação dos indivíduos, seja por meio da formação de opiniões, disseminação de informações ou de fatos que ocorrem no corpo social. Estes gêneros se organizam em suportes/aplicativos como jornais impressos, revistas impressas, portal de notícias na internet e blogs jornalísticos. Cada enunciado, em diferentes gêneros discursivos e meios de produção/circulação, estabelece uma relação distinta com o seu destinatário: tem-se a notícia retratando fatos, há a entrevista com questionamentos a um sujeito a fim de obter informações e posicionamentos sobre determinado tema, há artigos e reportagens que expõem informações e discutem aspectos da realidade sócio-política, e há, enfim, os editoriais e cartas do editor de revistas – corpus desta pesquisa –, os quais são compostos por enunciados em que a redação expõe seu posicionamento em relação à temática abordada na edição, e nos quais é comum a objetividade na exposição das ideias, por meio do resumo sobre o conteúdo do número da revista. Estes gêneros possuem semelhanças quanto aos aspectos composicionais, estilísticos e temáticos, bem como uma arquitetônica, aspectos que os constituem e os caracterizam como tal. Assim, nesta pesquisa, indagamo-nos se esses aspectos se alteram de acordo com o projeto de dizer do veículo e, ainda, quais as relações entre esses gêneros e as divergências e aproximações na relação com o leitor. A partir destes questionamentos, nosso objetivo neste trabalho foi verificar a construção estilística e composicional da carta do editor e do editorial em cada veículo pesquisado, no caso as revistas Realidade e Fórum, respectivamente, para identificarmos as estabilidades ou instabilidades nesta construção. Buscamos compreender os enunciados em sua forma arquitetônica: a relação do autor com o público-alvo das revistas e com os valores ideológicos do contexto sócio-histórico em que os gêneros se materializam. A análise nos possibilitou constatar que a seleção dos gêneros ocorre de acordo com o intuito de aproximação da revista com seu público-alvo e, em relação às especificidades dos gêneros, identificamos que diferente da estabilidade concebida pelo jornalismo, os textos são instáveis e alteram-se de acordo com a situação comunicativa. Para esta discussão, foi realizada uma seleção qualitativa de cartas do editor da revista impressa Realidade (1966-1976), disponível em seu acervo virtual, e de editoriais da revista Fórum, seja em sua versão impressa veiculada no site, seja nos textos publicados também no site da empresa. A metodologia para o desenvolvimento da pesquisa se pautou nas reflexões do Círculo de Bakhtin, especificamente na Análise Dialógica do Discurso, com o cotejamento dos gêneros carta do editor e editorial.
The journalistic sphere is composed by specific discursive genres that aim to establish the communication and the interaction of the individuals. either through the formation of opinions, the dissemination of information or facts that occur in the social body. These genres are organized in supports/applications such as printed newspapers, printed magazines, internet news portal, journalistic blogs. Each statement, in different discursive genres and means of production/circulation, establishes a different relationship with its adressee: there is the news portraying facts, there is the interview with questions to a subject in order to obtain information and positions about a particular topic, there are articles and reports that expose information and discuss aspects of the socio-political reality, there are, finally, the editorials and letters of the magazine editor - corpus of this research -, which are composed of statements in whereupon the editors expose their position in relation to the theme addressed in the edition, and in which objectivity in the presentation of ideas, in a synthetic way, is common. These genres have similarities in terms of compositional, stylistic and thematic aspects, as well as an architectural form, aspects that constitute and characterize them as such, however, in this research, we ask ourselves if these aspects change according to the conduit project of expression, and still what are the relationships between these genres, the divergences and approximations in the relationship with the reader. Based on these questions, our objective in this work is to analyze the relationship between these genres and verify the stylistic and compositional construction of it in each conduit researched, in this case the magazines Realidade and Fórum, to identify the stabilities or instabilities in this construction. We seek to understand the statements in their architectural form: the relationship between the author and the target audience of the magazines and with the ideological values of the socio-historical context in which the genres materialize, it allowed us to verify that the change in genres occurs according to the situation in which the journalistic company is inserted and the support of texts and environment where the statement is constituted. For this discussion, a qualitative selection of letters was made by the editor of the printed magazine Realidade (1966-1976), available in its virtual collection, and from editorials of the Forum magazine, whether in its printed version published on the website or not, presented on the company's website. The methodology for the development of the research was based on the reflections of Bakhtin's circle, specifically in the Dialogic Discourse Analysis, with the comparison of the genres letter of the editor and editorial.
The journalistic sphere is composed by specific discursive genres that aim to establish the communication and the interaction of the individuals. either through the formation of opinions, the dissemination of information or facts that occur in the social body. These genres are organized in supports/applications such as printed newspapers, printed magazines, internet news portal, journalistic blogs. Each statement, in different discursive genres and means of production/circulation, establishes a different relationship with its adressee: there is the news portraying facts, there is the interview with questions to a subject in order to obtain information and positions about a particular topic, there are articles and reports that expose information and discuss aspects of the socio-political reality, there are, finally, the editorials and letters of the magazine editor - corpus of this research -, which are composed of statements in whereupon the editors expose their position in relation to the theme addressed in the edition, and in which objectivity in the presentation of ideas, in a synthetic way, is common. These genres have similarities in terms of compositional, stylistic and thematic aspects, as well as an architectural form, aspects that constitute and characterize them as such, however, in this research, we ask ourselves if these aspects change according to the conduit project of expression, and still what are the relationships between these genres, the divergences and approximations in the relationship with the reader. Based on these questions, our objective in this work is to analyze the relationship between these genres and verify the stylistic and compositional construction of it in each conduit researched, in this case the magazines Realidade and Fórum, to identify the stabilities or instabilities in this construction. We seek to understand the statements in their architectural form: the relationship between the author and the target audience of the magazines and with the ideological values of the socio-historical context in which the genres materialize, it allowed us to verify that the change in genres occurs according to the situation in which the journalistic company is inserted and the support of texts and environment where the statement is constituted. For this discussion, a qualitative selection of letters was made by the editor of the printed magazine Realidade (1966-1976), available in its virtual collection, and from editorials of the Forum magazine, whether in its printed version published on the website or not, presented on the company's website. The methodology for the development of the research was based on the reflections of Bakhtin's circle, specifically in the Dialogic Discourse Analysis, with the comparison of the genres letter of the editor and editorial.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Gêneros do discurso, Editorial, Carta do editor, Estudos Bakhtinianos, Esfera jornalística, Genres of discourse, Letter from the editor, Editorial, Journalistic sphere, Bakhtinian studies