Aplicação da avaliação do ciclo de vida no processo de um smartphone e proposta de práticas de produção mais limpa
Carregando...
Arquivos
Data
2020-11-19
Autores
Coradi, Ana Letícia
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O smartphone é um produto com alta demanda no mercado consumidor e, portanto, é produzido em larga escala, com significativos potenciais de impactos ambientais ao longo de seu ciclo de vida. Evidencia-se uma lacuna significativa na literatura científica sobre os impactos ambientais decorrentes da produção de smartphones, bem como para a proposta de melhorias do desempenho ambiental de seus processos produtivos. Com os resultados da Avaliação do Ciclo de Vida (ACV), é possível identificar os hotspots dentre as principais fases do ciclo de vida do produto, e proporcionar um processo de tomada de decisão para o fechamento do ciclo de vida e para a proposta de estratégias de Produção mais Limpa (P+L). Desta forma foi avaliado o desempenho ambiental do processo produtivo de um smartphone produzido no Brasil e propostas melhorias para este desempenho por meio de práticas de produção mais limpa, através de três cenários. O cenário A se dá pela exclusão do manual impresso do produto. O cenário B consistiu na substituição do polímero Policarbonato/Acrilonitrilo – Butadieno - Estireno (PCB/ABS) do case do smartphone, pelos Acrilonitrilo – Butadieno – Estireno (ABS) e pelos polietilenos de alta densidade termoplástico (HDPE) normal e reciclado. O cenário C foi composto pela troca da matriz energética hidroelétrica pelas fontes de energia eólica e fotovoltaica. O cenário C apresentaram-se como as melhores opções para melhoria do desempenho ambiental do processo produtivo do smartphone.
The smartphone is a product with high demand in the consumer market and is therefore produced on a large scale, with significant potential environmental impacts throughout its life cycle. There is a significant gap in the scientific literature on the environmental impacts resulting from the production of smartphones, as well as on the proposal of improvements in the environmental performance of its production processes. With the results of the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), it is possible to identify hotspots among the main phases of the product life cycle, and provide a decision-making process for the closure of the life cycle and for the proposal of Cleaner Production strategies. In this way, the environmental performance of the production process of a smartphone produced in Brazil was evaluated and improvements proposed for this performance through cleaner production practices, through three scenarios. Scenario A is the exclusion of the printed manual of the product. Scenario B consisted of the replacement of the polymer Polycarbonate/Acrylonitrile - Butadiene - Styrene (PCB/ABS) from the smartphone case, by the normal and recycled Acrylonitrile - Butadiene - Styrene (ABS) and by the thermoplastic high density polyethylenes (HDPE). Scenario C was composed by the exchange of the hydroelectric energy matrix for wind and photovoltaic energy sources. Scenario C presented itself as the best options for improving the environmental performance of the smartphone production process.
The smartphone is a product with high demand in the consumer market and is therefore produced on a large scale, with significant potential environmental impacts throughout its life cycle. There is a significant gap in the scientific literature on the environmental impacts resulting from the production of smartphones, as well as on the proposal of improvements in the environmental performance of its production processes. With the results of the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), it is possible to identify hotspots among the main phases of the product life cycle, and provide a decision-making process for the closure of the life cycle and for the proposal of Cleaner Production strategies. In this way, the environmental performance of the production process of a smartphone produced in Brazil was evaluated and improvements proposed for this performance through cleaner production practices, through three scenarios. Scenario A is the exclusion of the printed manual of the product. Scenario B consisted of the replacement of the polymer Polycarbonate/Acrylonitrile - Butadiene - Styrene (PCB/ABS) from the smartphone case, by the normal and recycled Acrylonitrile - Butadiene - Styrene (ABS) and by the thermoplastic high density polyethylenes (HDPE). Scenario C was composed by the exchange of the hydroelectric energy matrix for wind and photovoltaic energy sources. Scenario C presented itself as the best options for improving the environmental performance of the smartphone production process.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Aparelhos e materiais eletrônicos, Ciclo de vida do produto, Smartphones