Intervenção em grupo para pais de crianças com transtorno de déficit de atenção/hiperatividade
Data
2021-10-15
Autores
Rezende, Fernanda Pádua
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Pais de filhos com transtorno do déficit de atenção e hiperatividade (TDAH) encontram desafios mediante os problemas de comportamento que as crianças podem apresentar. Dentre alguns destes problemas, destacam-se comportamentos externalizantes como a hiperatividade e impulsividade que estão associados com a dificuldade em seguir regras e realizar tarefas, além de problemas nos relacionamentos interpessoais que podem ficar comprometidos. É comum os pais terem que lidar com as reclamações da escola e contextos sociais que frequentam. São eles que irão manejar os comportamentos infantis com as práticas parentais e que recebem as orientações parentais vindas dos protocolos de intervenção para o transtorno. Desta forma, ter estas pessoas como foco de estudo é de suma relevância. O objetivo geral deste trabalho foi analisar demandas que tangem esta população tais como fatores psicossociais e intervenções, analisando as problemáticas envolvidas e procurando desenvolver formas para que possam receber cuidados, para terem mais condições de lidarem com o TDAH de seus filhos e com seus problemas de ordem pessoal, social e emocional. Para isso, este trabalho foi dividido em três capítulos distintos, incluindo seus resultados: o capítulo um consiste em uma revisão de literatura sobre protocolos de intervenção comportamental e mindfulness para pais de crianças com TDAH. O segundo, também uma revisão, trata-se de uma investigação sobre os fatores psicossociais destes pais associados ao TDAH. O terceiro exibe a construção e os resultados de uma proposta de intervenção para este público. Como principais resultados destes estudos, as intervenções comportamentais são mais frequentes do que as de mindfulness, estas precisam de mais evidências e as intervenções priorizam melhora de comportamento das crianças. Os fatores psicossociais associados aos pais foram conflitos conjugais, estresse, depressão materna, TDAH parental, percepção de baixo suporte familiar e psicopatologia parental (sem especificações) e não houve nenhuma recomendação específica para tratamento dos pais. A construção da intervenção consistiu em estratégias de mindfulness e comportamental e como resultado proporcionou melhora em práticas parentais e em estresse. Recomenda-se que haja aplicação desta intervenção em mais grupos e espera-se que possa ser mais uma ferramenta de auxílio aos pais além de ampliar a literatura existente.
Parents of children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) face challenges due to the behavioral problems that children may present. Among some of these problems, externalizing behaviors such as hyperactivity and impulsivity stand out, which are associated with difficulty in following rules and performing tasks, in addition to problems in interpersonal relationships that can be compromised. Parents often have to deal with complaints from the school and social contexts they attend. They are the ones who will manage child behaviors with parental practices and who receive parental guidance from intervention protocols for the disorder. Thus, having these people as the focus of study is of paramount importance. The general objective of this study was to analyze demands that affect this population, such as psychosocial factors and interventions, analyzing the issues involved and seeking to develop ways for them to receive care, to be better able to deal with their children's ADHD and their health problems. personal, social and emotional order. For this purpose, this work was divided into three distinct chapters, including its results: chapter one consisted of a literature review on behavioral intervention and mindfulness protocols for parents of children with ADHD. The second, also a review, was an investigation into these parents' psychosocial factors associated with ADHD. The third showed the construction and results of an intervention proposal for this audience. As the main results of these studies, behavioral interventions are more frequent than mindfulness ones, they need more evidence and interventions prioritize improving children's behavior. Psychosocial factors associated with parents were marital conflicts, stress, maternal depression, parental ADHD, perception of low family support and parental psychopathology (not specified) and there was no specific recommendation for parental treatment. The construction of the intervention consisted of mindfulness and behavioral strategies and as a result provided improvement in parenting practices and stress. It is recommended that this intervention be applied in more groups and it is hoped that it can be another tool to help parents in addition to expanding the existing literature.
Parents of children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) face challenges due to the behavioral problems that children may present. Among some of these problems, externalizing behaviors such as hyperactivity and impulsivity stand out, which are associated with difficulty in following rules and performing tasks, in addition to problems in interpersonal relationships that can be compromised. Parents often have to deal with complaints from the school and social contexts they attend. They are the ones who will manage child behaviors with parental practices and who receive parental guidance from intervention protocols for the disorder. Thus, having these people as the focus of study is of paramount importance. The general objective of this study was to analyze demands that affect this population, such as psychosocial factors and interventions, analyzing the issues involved and seeking to develop ways for them to receive care, to be better able to deal with their children's ADHD and their health problems. personal, social and emotional order. For this purpose, this work was divided into three distinct chapters, including its results: chapter one consisted of a literature review on behavioral intervention and mindfulness protocols for parents of children with ADHD. The second, also a review, was an investigation into these parents' psychosocial factors associated with ADHD. The third showed the construction and results of an intervention proposal for this audience. As the main results of these studies, behavioral interventions are more frequent than mindfulness ones, they need more evidence and interventions prioritize improving children's behavior. Psychosocial factors associated with parents were marital conflicts, stress, maternal depression, parental ADHD, perception of low family support and parental psychopathology (not specified) and there was no specific recommendation for parental treatment. The construction of the intervention consisted of mindfulness and behavioral strategies and as a result provided improvement in parenting practices and stress. It is recommended that this intervention be applied in more groups and it is hoped that it can be another tool to help parents in addition to expanding the existing literature.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
TDAH, Parentalidade, Intervenção, Mindfulness, Terapia Comportamental, Parenting, Intervention, Mindfulness, Behavioral therapy