Duração do efeito imunoestimulante da Glucana pós administração em Pacu.
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Data
2021-07-26
Autores
Silva, Thais Daltoso da [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O cenário atual da aquicultura mundial é muito promissor, e o Brasil tem grande vantagem nessa atividade de produção, pois conta com grandes áreas de água salgada e água doce, além do aumento de tecnologias destinada a alcançar a melhor produtividade. Entre as espécies produzidas, está o pacu, com representatividade e potencial entre os peixes nativos, pelo seu valor comercial na aquicultura e na pesca esportiva. Porém, o aumento da produção se dá às custas de manejos intensos que causam estresse nos animais, e podem desenvolver distúrbios fisiológicos, que geram susceptibilidade a doenças e consequente perda para os produtores. Como alternativa de prevenção, está o uso de β-glucana, um imunoestimulante presente na parede celular de bactérias, fungos, plantas e algas, que pode melhorar as respostas imunes inatas dos peixes. Neste contexto, o presente estudo avaliou o tempo de atuação de β-glucana em pacus, depois de 15 dias de alimentação com ração suplementada com 0,1% do imunoestimulante, e 15 dias após a suspensão da alimentação suplementada, após inoculação dos peixes com lipopolissacarídeo (LPS), por meio de indicadores da resposta de estresse (concentração de cortisol e glicose plasmática) e do sistema imune inato (atividade respiratória de leucócitos, a atividade hemolítica do sistema complemento e concentração de lisozima). A β-glucana não afetou o peso dos peixes, após o período de oferta, e também não alterou os indicadores de estresse e da imunidade inata no desafio realizado com LPS na concentração utilizada (500 µg kg-1 de LPS de E. Coli).
The current scenario of world aquaculture is very promising, and Brazil has a great advantage in this production activity, as it has large areas of salt water and fresh water, in addition to the increase in technologies aimed at achieving better productivity. Among the species produced is the pacu, with representation and potential among native fish, due to its commercial value in aquaculture and sport fishing. However, the increase in production comes at the expense of intense handling that causes stress to the animals, and can develop physiological disorders, which generate susceptibility to diseases and consequent loss for producers. As an alternative for prevention, there is the use of β-glucan, an immunostimulant present in the cell wall of bacteria, fungi, plants and algae, which can improve the innate immune responses of fish. In this context, the present study evaluated the time of action of β-glucan in pacus, after 15 days of feeding with feed supplemented with 0.1% of the immunostimulant, and 15 days after suspension of the supplemented feed, after inoculation of fish with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), through indicators of the stress response (concentration of cortisol and plasma glucose) and the innate immune system (respiratory activity of leukocytes, hemolytic activity of the complement system and lysozyme concentration). The β-glucan did not affect the fish weight after the offer period, nor did it alter the stress and innate immunity indicators in the challenge performed with LPS at the concentration used (500 µg kg-1 LPS from E. Coli). Although the concentration of LPS used did not affect the animal's innate immune response, it changed the glucose profile, indicating that the procedure acted as a stressor.
The current scenario of world aquaculture is very promising, and Brazil has a great advantage in this production activity, as it has large areas of salt water and fresh water, in addition to the increase in technologies aimed at achieving better productivity. Among the species produced is the pacu, with representation and potential among native fish, due to its commercial value in aquaculture and sport fishing. However, the increase in production comes at the expense of intense handling that causes stress to the animals, and can develop physiological disorders, which generate susceptibility to diseases and consequent loss for producers. As an alternative for prevention, there is the use of β-glucan, an immunostimulant present in the cell wall of bacteria, fungi, plants and algae, which can improve the innate immune responses of fish. In this context, the present study evaluated the time of action of β-glucan in pacus, after 15 days of feeding with feed supplemented with 0.1% of the immunostimulant, and 15 days after suspension of the supplemented feed, after inoculation of fish with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), through indicators of the stress response (concentration of cortisol and plasma glucose) and the innate immune system (respiratory activity of leukocytes, hemolytic activity of the complement system and lysozyme concentration). The β-glucan did not affect the fish weight after the offer period, nor did it alter the stress and innate immunity indicators in the challenge performed with LPS at the concentration used (500 µg kg-1 LPS from E. Coli). Although the concentration of LPS used did not affect the animal's innate immune response, it changed the glucose profile, indicating that the procedure acted as a stressor.
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Palavras-chave
Imunidade treinada, Sistema imune, Lipopolissacarídeo