Atividade antioxidante, antiglicante e citotóxica de extratos de Pyrostegia venusta (Ker Gawl.) Miers e Turnera ulmifolia Linn e desenvolvimento de método de microencapsulação com maltodextrina
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Data
2021-10-29
Autores
Viel, Amanda Martins
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Compostos com atividades antioxidante e antiglicante tornaram-se alvos de estudos, em busca de novos ativos que possam prevenir e combater os danos causados pelo estresse oxidativo e glicação de macromoléculas, eventos relacionados a diversos processos degenerativos e patológicos. Diante disso, compostos de origem vegetal do grupo dos polifenois são fontes promissoras para tais estudos, pois atuam como inibidores naturais destes processos prejudiciais a saúde e, diferentes espécies vegetais vêm ganhando destaque em estudos científicos, como a Pyrostegia venusta e a Turnera ulmifolia, amplamente utilizadas na medicina popular. Somado a isso, tem-se verificado um grande avanço científico envolvendo os estudos químicos e farmacológicos de plantas medicinais, que visam obter novos compostos com propriedades terapêuticas, possibilitando ampliar suas ações com o emprego na liberação controlada, estabilização e liberação destes fitofármacos de forma mais eficiente. O presente trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar a atividade antioxidante, antiglicante e citotóxica dos extratos brutos das flores de Pyrostegia venusta e partes aéreas de Turnera ulmifolia, assim como as microcápsulas produzidas com extrato dessas espécies. Os extratos foram analisados quanto a constituição de polifenóis e flavonoides totais, por HPLC/MS e CCDc. A atividade antioxidante foi realizada por meio dos testes de DPPH, FRAP, NO, ORAC-FL e inibição da hemólise oxidativa em eritrócitos humanos, e a atividade antiglicante por meio da determinação de grupos de aminas livres, inibição da formação de AGEs e MRE. As microcápsulas produzidas com os extratos em maltodextrina foram avaliadas quanto a eficiência e liberação de compostos polifenólicos, atividade antioxidante por DPPH e caracterização por MEV. Ambas as espécies selecionadas para esse estudo, P. venusta e T. ulmifolia, apresentaram alto teor de polifenoies e flavonoides totais, que foram caracterizados por HPLC/MS. Os extratos que apresentaram melhores resultados para as atividades antioxidante e antiglicante, foi obtido por maceração para a P. venusta e percolação para a T. ulmifolia. No teste de MTT foi possível verificar que P. venusta apresentou potencial citotóxico nas maiores concentrações analisadas, enquanto T. ulmifolia apresentou um resultado negativo para citotoxicidade. O método de microencapsulação por liofilização demonstrou eficiência de encapsulação, pois conferiu estabilidade ao conteúdo polifenólico dos extratos, verificada após a liberação dos compostos. As duas espécies apresentaram potencial promissor quanto a atividade antioxidante e antiglicante, os quais podem estar relacionados à sua constituição em polifenóis, principalmente em flavonoides.
Compounds with antioxidant and antiglycant activities have become targets of studies, in search of new actives that can prevent and combat the damage caused by oxidative stress and glycation of macromolecules, events related to several degenerative and pathological processes. Therefore, compounds of plant originate from the group of polyphenols are promising sources for such studies, as they act as natural inhibitors of these harmful processes to health, and different plant species have been gaining prominence in scientific studies, such as Pyrostegia venusta and Turnera ulmifolia, widely used in folk medicine. Added to this, there has been a great scientific advance involving chemical and pharmacological studies of medicinal plants, which aim to obtain new compounds with therapeutic properties, making it possible to expand their actions with the use of controlled release, Stabilization and release of these phytopharmaceuticals in a more efficient. This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant, antiglycant and cytotoxic activity of crude extracts from Pyrostegia venusta flowers and aerial parts of Turnera ulmifolia, as well as the microcapsules produced with extracts of these species. The extracts were analyzed for the constitution of total polyphenols and flavonoids, by HPLC/MS and CCDc. Antioxidant activity was performed by testing DPPH, FRAP, NO, ORAC-FL and inhibition of oxidative hemolysis in human erythrocytes, and antiglycant activity by determining free amine groups, inhibiting the formation of AGEs and MRE. The microcapsules produced with maltodextrin extracts were evaluated for efficiency and release of polyphenolic compounds, antioxidant activity by DPPH and characterization by SEM. Both species selected for this study, P. venusta and T. ulmifolia, presented high content of total polyphenols and flavonoids, which were characterized by HPLC/MS. The extracts that the best results for antioxidant and antiglycant activities were obtained by maceration for P. venusta and percolation for T. ulmifolia. In the MTT test it was possible to verify that P. venusta presented cytotoxic potential at the highest analyzed concentrations, while T. ulmifolia presented a negative result for cytotoxicity. The freeze-drying microencapsulation method demonstrated encapsulation efficiency, as it provided stability to the polyphenolic content of the extracts, verified after the release of the compounds. Both may be related to their constitution in polyphenols, mainly in flavonoids.
Compounds with antioxidant and antiglycant activities have become targets of studies, in search of new actives that can prevent and combat the damage caused by oxidative stress and glycation of macromolecules, events related to several degenerative and pathological processes. Therefore, compounds of plant originate from the group of polyphenols are promising sources for such studies, as they act as natural inhibitors of these harmful processes to health, and different plant species have been gaining prominence in scientific studies, such as Pyrostegia venusta and Turnera ulmifolia, widely used in folk medicine. Added to this, there has been a great scientific advance involving chemical and pharmacological studies of medicinal plants, which aim to obtain new compounds with therapeutic properties, making it possible to expand their actions with the use of controlled release, Stabilization and release of these phytopharmaceuticals in a more efficient. This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant, antiglycant and cytotoxic activity of crude extracts from Pyrostegia venusta flowers and aerial parts of Turnera ulmifolia, as well as the microcapsules produced with extracts of these species. The extracts were analyzed for the constitution of total polyphenols and flavonoids, by HPLC/MS and CCDc. Antioxidant activity was performed by testing DPPH, FRAP, NO, ORAC-FL and inhibition of oxidative hemolysis in human erythrocytes, and antiglycant activity by determining free amine groups, inhibiting the formation of AGEs and MRE. The microcapsules produced with maltodextrin extracts were evaluated for efficiency and release of polyphenolic compounds, antioxidant activity by DPPH and characterization by SEM. Both species selected for this study, P. venusta and T. ulmifolia, presented high content of total polyphenols and flavonoids, which were characterized by HPLC/MS. The extracts that the best results for antioxidant and antiglycant activities were obtained by maceration for P. venusta and percolation for T. ulmifolia. In the MTT test it was possible to verify that P. venusta presented cytotoxic potential at the highest analyzed concentrations, while T. ulmifolia presented a negative result for cytotoxicity. The freeze-drying microencapsulation method demonstrated encapsulation efficiency, as it provided stability to the polyphenolic content of the extracts, verified after the release of the compounds. Both may be related to their constitution in polyphenols, mainly in flavonoids.
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Palavras-chave
Antioxidantes, Estresse oxidativo, Flavonoides, Plantas medicinais, Polifenóis