Observação e intervenção psicanalítica da relação pais-bebê no contexto brasileiro: um estudo bibliográfico
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Data
2021-09-14
Autores
Lima, Meirize Picoli de
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A metade do século XX foi marcada pelo desenvolvimento e pela ampliação de estudos e de práticas de observação da relação mãe-bebê no cenário mundial. Nesse novo cenário, novas modalidades de atendimento surgiram, favorecendo a ampliação de novas técnicas e práticas de observação, bem como a intervenção na relação pais-bebê em diversos campos de atuação, como creches, abrigos, hospitais etc. Diante disso, esta pesquisa tem como objetivo identificar e analisar a produção brasileira sobre a observação e a intervenção psicanalítica da relação pais-bebê nos últimos 20 anos. Para tanto, realizamos uma pesquisa de artigos publicados em periódicos nacionais, por meio de um levantamento bibliográfico orientado pelo método “Estado da Arte”, que permitiu selecionar, através da busca de descritores ou palavras-chave e da leitura de resumos, os periódicos relacionados ao tema desta pesquisa. Mais especificamente, realizamos buscas em dois bancos de dados: “Portal de Periódicos Eletrônicos de Psicologia” (PePSIC) e “Scientific Electronic Library Online” (SciELO). A pesquisa nos permitiu encontrar 28 artigos, que organizamos em duas grandes categorias: (i) “Relação mãe-bebê: prática de intervenção com pais de recém-nascidos no ambiente hospitalar” e (ii) “As práticas de observação e intervenção da relação mãe-bebê: os reflexos na Educação Infantil”. A primeira categoria contém trabalhos que trazem questões relacionadas à maternidade e à relação dos pais com o nascimento do bebê prematuro e/ou com o diagnóstico de patologia do recém-nascido. Já a segunda categoria contém os trabalhos realizados pelos psicólogos e psicanalistas com pais, bebês e educadores nas creches, que buscaram estabelecer uma articulação entre a psicanálise e a educação. Os artigos analisados demonstram a importância da relação estabelecida entre a mãe e o seu bebê desde o nascimento, bem como a importância do cuidado dirigido a eles. Apontam que as práticas de observação e de intervenção nesses dois contextos podem auxiliar a mãe em sua função e ajudar os profissionais a compreenderem mais detalhadamente sobre a importância de seu trabalho na relação de cuidado com os bebês.
The mid-twentieth century was marked by the development and expansion of studies and observational practices of the mother-infant relationship on an worldwide scenario. In this new overview, there was the emergence of new modalities of care, which favored the expansion of new techniques and practices of observation and intervention of the parent-infant relationship in various fields of action, with day care centers, shelters, hospitals, or other places. This research aims to identify and analyze the Brazilian production on the observation and psychoanalytic intervention of the parent-infant relationship in the last 20 years through published articles in national journals. For this, a bibliographic survey was carried out using the “State of the Art” method, which allowed it to be carried out through the search for descriptors or keywords and readings of periodical summaries related to the topic of this research. Thus, from the two databases “Psychology Electronic Journals Portal (PePSIC) and “Scientific ElectronicLibrary Online (SciELO), 28 articles were found referring to the category named “Mother-infant relationship: intervention practice with parents of newborns in the hospital environment ” which brought up issues related to maternity and the parents' relationship with the birth of the premature baby and/or with the diagnosis of newborn pathology, and the second category called “The observation and intervention practices of the mother-infant relationship, reflections on Early Childhood Education” in which the study carried out by psychologists and psychoanalysts with parents, babies and educators in daycare centers is discussed, trying to establish a link between psychoanalysis and education. Thus, these studies show the importance of the relationship established between the mother and her baby from birth, and also the importance of care directed to them. These pieces of research pointed out that observation and intervention practices in these two contexts can help the mother in her role, as well as help professionals to better understand the importance of their work in the care relationship with babies, in order to promote the development and subjective constitution of the child.
The mid-twentieth century was marked by the development and expansion of studies and observational practices of the mother-infant relationship on an worldwide scenario. In this new overview, there was the emergence of new modalities of care, which favored the expansion of new techniques and practices of observation and intervention of the parent-infant relationship in various fields of action, with day care centers, shelters, hospitals, or other places. This research aims to identify and analyze the Brazilian production on the observation and psychoanalytic intervention of the parent-infant relationship in the last 20 years through published articles in national journals. For this, a bibliographic survey was carried out using the “State of the Art” method, which allowed it to be carried out through the search for descriptors or keywords and readings of periodical summaries related to the topic of this research. Thus, from the two databases “Psychology Electronic Journals Portal (PePSIC) and “Scientific ElectronicLibrary Online (SciELO), 28 articles were found referring to the category named “Mother-infant relationship: intervention practice with parents of newborns in the hospital environment ” which brought up issues related to maternity and the parents' relationship with the birth of the premature baby and/or with the diagnosis of newborn pathology, and the second category called “The observation and intervention practices of the mother-infant relationship, reflections on Early Childhood Education” in which the study carried out by psychologists and psychoanalysts with parents, babies and educators in daycare centers is discussed, trying to establish a link between psychoanalysis and education. Thus, these studies show the importance of the relationship established between the mother and her baby from birth, and also the importance of care directed to them. These pieces of research pointed out that observation and intervention practices in these two contexts can help the mother in her role, as well as help professionals to better understand the importance of their work in the care relationship with babies, in order to promote the development and subjective constitution of the child.
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Palavras-chave
Creche, Hospital, Psicanálise, Relação pais-bebê