Valoração da lemna (landoltia punctata) no polimento de efluente do sistema de recirculação aquícola
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Data
2021-06-18
Autores
Cerqueira, Marcos Aureliano Silva
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A atividade aquícola contemporânea encontra-se diante dos desafios de se moldar aos conceitos das inovações de produtos e processos tecnológicos, e sua viabilidade econômica, sustentabilidade e segurança alimentar. A procura por caminhos que melhorem a qualidade dos efluentes da atividade aquícola e reduzam a demanda por recursos hídricos, aliado á busca de alternativas econômicas e de baixo custo. O uso de macrófitas aquáticas, e o seu potencial de depuração de águas contaminadas, atuando principalmente na remoção de nutrientes, como nitrogênio e fósforo. Visando valorar a biomassa de lemna produzida, este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a utilização da lemnácea Landoltia punctata no polimento do efluente do Sistema de Recirculação Aquícola (SRA) e propor seu aproveitamento. Deste modo, foram desenvolvidos dois experimentos. Verificou-se a viabilidade técnica do uso sistema de recirculação na atividade no meio urbano e a eficiência do tratamento do efluente do cultivo de Tilápia (Oreochromis niloticus), com o uso da lemnácea para a produção de bio massa da lemna, como potencial componente de ração, para fins de sua valoração. O SRA utilizado demonstrou ser uma alternativa para a atividade aquicola periurbana. As lemnas apresentaram resultados promissores no polimento do efluente, para os parâmetros avaliados, com as seguintes eficiências de remoção: NT= 65%, PT= 47%, DQO= 64,5%. Quanto à biomassa de lemnas constatou-se uma produtividade de 70,2kg/ha/dia de matéria seca, ou 25.623kg/ha/ano, com um teor de proteína bruta média de 28%, totalizando 7.174kgPB/ha/ano.
Contemporary aquaculture is facing the challenges of conforming to the concepts of product innovations, technological processes and its economic viability, sustainability and food safety. The quest is to find ways to improve the quality of effluents from aquaculture activities and reduce the demand for water resources, together with the search for economic and low-cost alternatives. The use of aquatic macrophytes, and their potential for purifying contaminated water, acting mainly in the removal of nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus is studied. Aiming of valuation of produced the lemna biomass, this work aims to evaluate in use of the lemnácea Landoltia punctata in polishing the effluent of the Recirculation Aquaculture System (RAS) and propose its use. Thus, two experiments were developed. The technical feasibility of using a recirculation system for use in the activity in urban areas and the efficiency of the treatment of effluent from the cultivation of Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), with the use of lemnácea for the production of lemna, as a potential feed component, biomass for purposes of its valuation, were verified. The RAS used proved to be an excellent option for periurban aquaculture activities. The lemnas presented excellent results in the polishing of the effluent, for the evaluated parameters, with the following removal efficiencies: TN= 65%, TP= 47%, COD= 64.5%. As for the lemnas biomass, a productivity of 70.2kg/ha/day of dry matter was found, or 25.623kg/ha/year, with an average protein content of 28%, totaling 7.174kgPB/ha/year.
Contemporary aquaculture is facing the challenges of conforming to the concepts of product innovations, technological processes and its economic viability, sustainability and food safety. The quest is to find ways to improve the quality of effluents from aquaculture activities and reduce the demand for water resources, together with the search for economic and low-cost alternatives. The use of aquatic macrophytes, and their potential for purifying contaminated water, acting mainly in the removal of nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus is studied. Aiming of valuation of produced the lemna biomass, this work aims to evaluate in use of the lemnácea Landoltia punctata in polishing the effluent of the Recirculation Aquaculture System (RAS) and propose its use. Thus, two experiments were developed. The technical feasibility of using a recirculation system for use in the activity in urban areas and the efficiency of the treatment of effluent from the cultivation of Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), with the use of lemnácea for the production of lemna, as a potential feed component, biomass for purposes of its valuation, were verified. The RAS used proved to be an excellent option for periurban aquaculture activities. The lemnas presented excellent results in the polishing of the effluent, for the evaluated parameters, with the following removal efficiencies: TN= 65%, TP= 47%, COD= 64.5%. As for the lemnas biomass, a productivity of 70.2kg/ha/day of dry matter was found, or 25.623kg/ha/year, with an average protein content of 28%, totaling 7.174kgPB/ha/year.
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Palavras-chave
Macrófitas, Aquicultura, Reuso de água, Fitorremediação, Aquaculture, Macrophytes, Recirculation, Effluents treatment