A importância do monitoramento do SARS-CoV-2 em redes de esgoto e estações de tratamento de águas residuárias
Carregando...
Data
2021-03
Autores
Mainardi, Pedro Henrique [UNESP]
Bidoia, Ederio Dino [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Brazilian Journals Publicações de Periódicos e Editora Ltda
Resumo
O SARS-CoV-2, um novo tipo de coronavírus capaz de infectar humanos e causar a síndrome respiratória aguda grave COVID-19, tem causado enormes impactos em toda a Terra. A doença, devido ao seu alto potencial de disseminação e alto índice de fatalidade, foi decretada como pandêmica pela Organização Mundial da Saúde em março de 2020. Pacientes com COVID-19, incluindo casos leves ou assintomáticos, frequentemente foram vistos por conter em amostras de urina e fezes fragmentos infecciosos do vírus SARS-CoV-2. Dessa forma, estudos de detecção do novo coronavírus nas redes de esgoto e em estações de tratamento de águas residuárias, que coletam e concentram excretos humanos, têm sido extremamente úteis como uma ferramenta de monitoramento do vírus nas comunidades. A abordagem, comumente aplicada na elaboração de diagnósticos não-invasivos sobre a circulação de substâncias químicas e poluentes nas populações, poderia ser utilizada como um alerta rápido sobre possíveis surtos de COVID-19. Esse tipo de monitoramento propiciaria melhores previsões acerca da propagação do SARS-CoV-2, além de fomentar o desenvolvimento de melhores medidas de contenção viral, sistemas de desinfecção e avaliação da eficácia das vacinas. Nesta revisão, foram apresentados relatos de detecção do SARS-CoV-2 nas redes de esgoto e estações de tratamento de águas residuárias, e abordado a importância do monitoramento do novo coronavírus nesse ambiente.
SARS-CoV-2, a new type of coronavirus capable to infect humans and to cause the severe acute respiratory syndrome COVID-19, has been causing enormous impacts across the Earth. The disease, due to its high dissemination potential and high fatality rate, was declared as pandemic by the World Health Organization in March 2020. COVID-19 patients, including mild or asymptomatic cases, have often been seen to contain infectious fragments of SARS-CoV-2 virus in urine and feces samples. Thus, studies to detect the new coronavirus in sewage networks and wastewater treatment plants, which collect and concentrate human excreta, have been extremely useful as a tool for monitoring the virus in communities. The approach, commonly used in the elaboration of non-invasive diagnoses about the circulation of chemical substances and pollutants in populations, could be used as a quick alert about possible outbreaks of COVID-19. This type of monitoring would provide better predictions about the SARS-CoV-2 spread, in addition to promote the development of better viral containment measures, disinfection systems and the evaluation of the effectiveness of vaccines. In this review, it were presented reports of SARS-CoV-2 detection in sewage networks and wastewater treatment plants, and it was addressed the importance of monitoring the new coronavirus in this environment.
SARS-CoV-2, a new type of coronavirus capable to infect humans and to cause the severe acute respiratory syndrome COVID-19, has been causing enormous impacts across the Earth. The disease, due to its high dissemination potential and high fatality rate, was declared as pandemic by the World Health Organization in March 2020. COVID-19 patients, including mild or asymptomatic cases, have often been seen to contain infectious fragments of SARS-CoV-2 virus in urine and feces samples. Thus, studies to detect the new coronavirus in sewage networks and wastewater treatment plants, which collect and concentrate human excreta, have been extremely useful as a tool for monitoring the virus in communities. The approach, commonly used in the elaboration of non-invasive diagnoses about the circulation of chemical substances and pollutants in populations, could be used as a quick alert about possible outbreaks of COVID-19. This type of monitoring would provide better predictions about the SARS-CoV-2 spread, in addition to promote the development of better viral containment measures, disinfection systems and the evaluation of the effectiveness of vaccines. In this review, it were presented reports of SARS-CoV-2 detection in sewage networks and wastewater treatment plants, and it was addressed the importance of monitoring the new coronavirus in this environment.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Epidemiologia, Saúde pública, Medicina preventiva, Vigilância epidemiológica, Saúde pública, Síndrome respiratória aguda grave
Como citar
Brazilian Journal of Health Review, v. 4, n. 2, p. 5051–5066, 2021.