A influência da experiência em ballet no equilíbrio corporal de bailarinas
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Data
2021-12-16
Autores
Carmo, Lorena de Souza do
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Os aspectos físicos exigidos pelo Ballet como força, flexibilidade, resistência, mobilidade e equilíbrio foram evoluindo conforme o aprimoramento dos métodos desta prática e com a introdução dos movimentos en pointe. Dessa forma, a postura marcante da bailarina é diretamente associada ao equilíbrio, sendo este muito necessário para alcançar um melhor desempenho nas posições, en pointe (em ponta) ou demi pointe (meia ponta) durante os movimentos estáticos ou dinâmicos do Ballet. Por isso, o objetivo desta revisão foi selecionar artigos que apresentassem dados quantitativos para análise da capacidade de equilíbrio de bailarinas em posições naturais e específicas desta modalidade de dança, sendo estáticas e dinâmicas, a fim de observar os efeitos da experiência em Ballet no controle postural das praticantes. Para isso, foram utilizadas as plataformas de busca Pubmed, Scielo e Google Scholar a partir das palavras chave: Ballet dancers, balance, e postural control. Foram identificados 13 artigos para a revisão. De maneira geral, a literatura revisada mostra que bailarinas apresentam maior capacidade de manter a estabilidade postural em posições específicas do Ballet, favorecidas pelo tempo de experiência. Entretanto, as bailarinas apresentam resultados dependentes das tarefas quando o equilíbrio é examinado em posições naturais, ora demonstrando equilíbrio superior, ora semelhante ao de indivíduos não praticantes de Ballet, e atletas de diferentes modalidades esportivas. A manutenção da postura em condição de olhos fechados foi o que mais afetou a estabilidade das bailarinas, levando ao aumento de suas oscilações corporais, o que sugere que esta fonte de informação sensorial, i.e., a visual, é muito importante para a prática do Ballet. No entanto, essa característica depende do contexto e situação considerando que outras informações podem ser utilizadas a fim de substituir a ausência da visão para manter o equilíbrio possibilitando a prática do Ballet, por exemplo, por populações que tenham deficiência visual.
The physical aspects required by Ballet dance such as strength, flexibility, endurance, mobility and balance have evolved with the improvement of the methods of this practice and with the introduction of the pointe movements. Thus, the dancer's remarkable posture is directly associated with balance, which is very necessary to achieve a better performance in the positions en pointe (pointe) or demi pointe (half pointe) during static or dynamic Ballet movements. Therefore, the objective of this review was to select articles that presented quantitative data for the analysis of the balancing ability of dancers in natural and specific positions of this dance modality, being static and dynamic, in order to observe the effects of the Ballet experience in the postural control of the practitioners. For that, the search platforms Pubmed, Scielo and Google Scholar were used, using the keywords: Ballet dancers, Ballet balance, and postural control. Thirteen articles were identified for this review. Overall, the literature reviewed shows that dancers have a greater ability to maintain postural stability in specific Ballet positions, favored by the time of experience. However, dancers show task-dependent results when balance is examined in natural positions, sometimes showing superior balance, sometimes similar to non-ballet dancers and athletes from different sports. The maintenance of the posture in closed eyes condition was what most affected the dancers' stability, leading to an increase in their body oscillations, which suggests that this source of sensorial information, i.e., visual, is very important for Ballet practice, however, this feature depends on the context and the observed situation, considering that other information can be used in order to replace the absence of vision to maintain balance allowing other populations, for instance, with visual impairments to practice the Ballet.
The physical aspects required by Ballet dance such as strength, flexibility, endurance, mobility and balance have evolved with the improvement of the methods of this practice and with the introduction of the pointe movements. Thus, the dancer's remarkable posture is directly associated with balance, which is very necessary to achieve a better performance in the positions en pointe (pointe) or demi pointe (half pointe) during static or dynamic Ballet movements. Therefore, the objective of this review was to select articles that presented quantitative data for the analysis of the balancing ability of dancers in natural and specific positions of this dance modality, being static and dynamic, in order to observe the effects of the Ballet experience in the postural control of the practitioners. For that, the search platforms Pubmed, Scielo and Google Scholar were used, using the keywords: Ballet dancers, Ballet balance, and postural control. Thirteen articles were identified for this review. Overall, the literature reviewed shows that dancers have a greater ability to maintain postural stability in specific Ballet positions, favored by the time of experience. However, dancers show task-dependent results when balance is examined in natural positions, sometimes showing superior balance, sometimes similar to non-ballet dancers and athletes from different sports. The maintenance of the posture in closed eyes condition was what most affected the dancers' stability, leading to an increase in their body oscillations, which suggests that this source of sensorial information, i.e., visual, is very important for Ballet practice, however, this feature depends on the context and the observed situation, considering that other information can be used in order to replace the absence of vision to maintain balance allowing other populations, for instance, with visual impairments to practice the Ballet.
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Palavras-chave
Bailarinas, Equilíbrio postural, Postura humana, Ballet dancers, Ballet balance, Postural control, Equilibrium, postural, Balance, postural