Monitoramento e controle da amônia no ambiente de alojamento de frangos de corte utilizando o Aerem NH3 Controller
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Data
2021-11-11
Autores
Campos Junior, Jayme de
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Numa análise, ainda que rápida, da cadeia produtiva do frango de corte, percebe-se que a fase de crescimento e engorda assume um papel importantíssimo, pois do seu sucesso depende o abastecimento de um mercado em franco desenvolvimento e destaque no país e no exterior. A ABPA - Associação Brasileira de Proteína Animal projeta um aumento populacional mundial, atingindo 9,2 bilhões de pessoas em 2050, o que resultará no aumento da demanda por proteína de origem animal, sobretudo as mais acessíveis à população, destacando-se dessa maneira a carne de frango. Para atender esse consumo, mais frangos com peso e idade ideais deverão seguir para o abate, quer seja aumentando o número de aves por metro quadrado de alojamento, quer seja pela expansão do número de criadouros. Porém ambas as situações podem causar impactos negativos ao agronegócio. Dentre esses problemas destaca-se a interferência negativa sobre a ambiência e bem estar animal pela maior emissão de gases nocivos, em decorrência do confinamento das aves em instalações fechadas, fator que aumenta o potencial de intoxicação e favorece o aumento de doenças respiratórias e em consequência o prejuízo no processo produtivo das aves, sendo os mais comuns, o monóxido de carbono (CO), dióxido de carbono (CO2) e a amônia (NH3), apontada como o principal gás que afeta negativamente as aves bem como os tratadores. Indo além de outros trabalhos que também discorreram sobre este tema, mas limitaram-se apenas à mensuração do nível de amônia, este trabalho propõe um sistema automatizado de monitoramento e controle que, através de sensores de gases, seja realizada a leitura da concentração de NH3 sendo o valor obtido enviado via internet a um celular smartphone com o aplicativo de controle instalado, para que possam ser acionados remotamente os equipamentos usuais da granja, como ventiladores, aspersores e cortinas, que permitam a dissipação do excesso do gás do ambiente. O sistema apresenta a vantagem de utilizar as tecnologias conhecidas e disponíveis gratuitas ou com valores relativamente baixos, como por exemplo Arduíno e Internet das Coisas, que viabilizam a implantação pelos pequenos produtores, o que certamente trará condições de competitividade no mercado.
In an analysis, albeit a quick one, of the broiler production chain, it is clear that the growth and fattening phase plays a very important role, as the supply of a market in rapid development and prominence in the country and abroad depends on its success. The ABPA - Brazilian Association of Animal Protein projects a worldwide population increase, reaching 9.2 billion people in 2050, which will result in an increase in the demand for animal protein, especially those more accessible to the population, thus highlighting the chicken meat. To meet this consumption, more chickens with ideal weight and age should go to slaughter, either by increasing the number of birds per square meter of housing, or by expanding the number of breeding sites. However, both situations can have negative impacts on agribusiness. Among these problems, the negative interference on the environment and animal welfare stands out due to the greater emission of harmful gases, as a result of the confinement of birds in closed facilities, a factor that increases the potential for intoxication and favors the increase of respiratory diseases and as a result the damage to the poultry production process, the most common being carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2) and ammonia (NH3), identified as the main gas that negatively affects birds as well as keepers. Going beyond other works that also addressed this topic, but were limited only to measuring the ammonia level, this work proposes an automated monitoring and control system that, through gas sensors, reads the concentration of NH3 the value obtained being sent via the internet to a smartphone cell phone with the control application installed, so that the farm's usual equipment, such as fans, sprinklers and curtains, can be remotely activated, allowing the dissipation of excess gas from the environment. The system has the advantage of using known technologies available for free or at relatively low prices, such as Arduino and Internet of Things, which enable small producers to implement them, which will certainly bring competitive conditions to the market.
In an analysis, albeit a quick one, of the broiler production chain, it is clear that the growth and fattening phase plays a very important role, as the supply of a market in rapid development and prominence in the country and abroad depends on its success. The ABPA - Brazilian Association of Animal Protein projects a worldwide population increase, reaching 9.2 billion people in 2050, which will result in an increase in the demand for animal protein, especially those more accessible to the population, thus highlighting the chicken meat. To meet this consumption, more chickens with ideal weight and age should go to slaughter, either by increasing the number of birds per square meter of housing, or by expanding the number of breeding sites. However, both situations can have negative impacts on agribusiness. Among these problems, the negative interference on the environment and animal welfare stands out due to the greater emission of harmful gases, as a result of the confinement of birds in closed facilities, a factor that increases the potential for intoxication and favors the increase of respiratory diseases and as a result the damage to the poultry production process, the most common being carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2) and ammonia (NH3), identified as the main gas that negatively affects birds as well as keepers. Going beyond other works that also addressed this topic, but were limited only to measuring the ammonia level, this work proposes an automated monitoring and control system that, through gas sensors, reads the concentration of NH3 the value obtained being sent via the internet to a smartphone cell phone with the control application installed, so that the farm's usual equipment, such as fans, sprinklers and curtains, can be remotely activated, allowing the dissipation of excess gas from the environment. The system has the advantage of using known technologies available for free or at relatively low prices, such as Arduino and Internet of Things, which enable small producers to implement them, which will certainly bring competitive conditions to the market.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
poluentes aéreos, internet das coisas, Arduino, agricultura inteligente, zootecnia de precisão, air pollutants, internet of things, smart agriculture, precision animal science