Nanocarreadores lipídicos com nanopartículas de ouro como potencial marcador de nanopesticidas em plantas
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Data
2022-01-07
Autores
Forini, Mariana Monteiro de Lima
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Sistemas nano-habilitados de liberação de bioativos vêm sendo desenvolvidos com o potencial para promover uma agricultura mais sustentável, melhorar a eficiência e reduzir a quantidade de defensivos agrícolas, assim como aumentar a produtividade no campo. No entanto, pouco se conhece sobre o mecanismo de ação, destino e interação desses nanomateriais, também chamados de nanopesticidas, no ambiente. Nesse sentido, carreadores lipídicos nanoestruturados (já utilizados como nanopesticidas) associados com nanopartículas de ouro foram sintetizados com o objetivo de rastrear e estudar o destino desses nanocarreadores em macrófitas aquáticas da espécie Lemna valdiviana. Assim, carreadores lipídicos nanoestruturados com nanopartículas de ouro foram preparados pelo método de emulsificação/evaporação do solvente e caracterizado por diferentes técnicas físico-químicas. Os nanocarreadores híbridos (~ 250 nm), apresentaram índice de polidispersão abaixo de 0,2, potencial zeta de -17,3 ± 1,5 mV e 99,94% de eficiência de encapsulação do ouro nos nanocarreadores. A microscopia eletrônica de varredura revelou morfologia esférica e as técnicas de espectroscopia de infravermelho (FTIR), difração de raios-X (DRX), espectroscopia de absorção atômica, microscopia óptica, revelaram internalização dos nanocarreadores híbridos nas plantas, sendo esta dependente da concentração e tempo de exposição. Portanto este estudo mostra, pela primeira vez na literatura, como nanocarreadores lipídicos de pesticidas podem interagir com plantas aquáticas, abrindo perspectivas para o entendimento do mecanismo de ação e o design de novos “safe-by-design” nanopesticidas no futuro.
Nano-enabled bioactive release systems have been developed with the potential to promote more sustainable agriculture, improve efficiency and reduce the amount of pesticides, as well as increase productivity in the field. However, little is known about the mechanism of action, fate and interaction of these nanomaterials, also called nanopesticides, in the environment. In this sense, nanostructured lipid carriers (already used as nanopesticides) associated with gold nanoparticles were synthesized in order to track and study the fate of these nanocarriers in aquatic macrophytes of the Lemna valdiviana species. Thus, nanostructured lipid carriers with gold nanoparticles were prepared by the method of emulsification/solvent evaporation and characterized by different physicochemical techniques. The hybrid nanocarriers (~ 250 nm) presented polydispersion index below 0.2, zeta potential of -17.3 ± 1.5 mV and 99.94% of gold encapsulation efficiency in nanocarriers. Scanning electron microscopy showed spherical morphology and the techniques of infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic absorption spectroscopy, optical microscopy, revealed internalization of hybrid nanocarriers in plants, which is concentration-dependent and exposure time. Therefore, this study shows, for the first time in the literature, how lipid nanocarriers of pesticides can interact with aquatic plants, opening perspectives for the understanding of the mechanism of action and the design of new “safe-by-design” nanopesticides in the future.
Nano-enabled bioactive release systems have been developed with the potential to promote more sustainable agriculture, improve efficiency and reduce the amount of pesticides, as well as increase productivity in the field. However, little is known about the mechanism of action, fate and interaction of these nanomaterials, also called nanopesticides, in the environment. In this sense, nanostructured lipid carriers (already used as nanopesticides) associated with gold nanoparticles were synthesized in order to track and study the fate of these nanocarriers in aquatic macrophytes of the Lemna valdiviana species. Thus, nanostructured lipid carriers with gold nanoparticles were prepared by the method of emulsification/solvent evaporation and characterized by different physicochemical techniques. The hybrid nanocarriers (~ 250 nm) presented polydispersion index below 0.2, zeta potential of -17.3 ± 1.5 mV and 99.94% of gold encapsulation efficiency in nanocarriers. Scanning electron microscopy showed spherical morphology and the techniques of infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic absorption spectroscopy, optical microscopy, revealed internalization of hybrid nanocarriers in plants, which is concentration-dependent and exposure time. Therefore, this study shows, for the first time in the literature, how lipid nanocarriers of pesticides can interact with aquatic plants, opening perspectives for the understanding of the mechanism of action and the design of new “safe-by-design” nanopesticides in the future.
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Carreadores lipídicos nanoestruturados, Nanopartículas de ouro, Rastreamento, Lemna valdiviana, Nanostructured lipid carriers, Gold nanoparticles, Tracking, Lemna valdiviana