Estabelecimento de um processo biotecnológico com emprego de manufatura aditiva para produção de biocurativos poliméricos associados a plasma rico em plaquetas (PRP) definidos morfologicamente a partir de escaneamento de feridas cutâneas virtuais
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Data
2021-12-14
Autores
Ribeiro, Caetano Pedro Evangelista
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A manufatura aditiva é um processo que tem gerado avanços em pesquisa básica e aplicada, ampliando a gama de possibilidades e acelerando a translação de modelos teóricos de materiais e biomateriais que possam ser empregados em áreas diversas da engenharia e da medicina humana, particularmente, na engenharia tecidual e medicina regenerativa (TERM). No âmbito da medicina regenerativa e da engenharia tecidual, estudos recentes empregando o plasma rico em plaquetas (PRP) têm demonstrado grande eficácia terapêutica no tratamento de úlceras cutâneas de difícil cicatrização, com ampla capacidade de estimulação do processo regenerativo tecidual por meio da liberação de fatores quimiotáticos. O uso do PRP autólogo, consolidado como um importante biomaterial, em processos de manufatura aditiva (impressão 3D), imprime grandes avanços no contexto da medicina regenerativa. Nesse sentido, a busca por materiais biodegradáveis, estáveis e versáteis tem encontrado nos polímeros de origem natural, como a gelatina e o alginato, propriedades físico-químicas atraentes para a construção de matrizes (scaffolds) que forneçam suporte e preservação de aspectos físico-químicos do PRP e proporcionem um ambiente favorável para migração celular durante os processos de regeneração tecidual. Deste modo, a perspectiva de impressão de um biocurativo, composto de um gel polimérico de alginato/gelatina associado ao PRP, obtido a partir de modelos digitalizados de úlceras cutâneas escaneadas por dispositivos portáteis, constitui uma alternativa potencialmente promissora em termos de engenharia de tecidos e medicina regenerativa, podendo fundamentar um bioprocesso reprodutível e de grande viabilidade para o estabelecimento de novas abordagens terapêuticas em dermatologia. Neste cenário propõe-se no presente estudo, um bioprocesso de fácil operação e funcionalidade que permita a elaboração de curativos de baixo custo e de mínimo risco imunológico, tratando-se de uma associação de polímeros inertes e biocompatíveis a um material biológico autólogo, gerando um produto exequível e de potencial incorporação à rotina terapêutica de clínicas e hospitais privados e ao Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS).
Additive manufacturing is a process that has generated advances in basic and applied research, expanding the range of possibilities and accelerating the translation of theoretical models of materials and biomaterials that can be used in different areas of engineering and human medicine, particularly in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine (TERM). In this field, recent studies using platelet-rich plasma (PRP) have shown great therapeutic efficacy in the treatment of difficult-to-heal skin ulcers, with ample capacity to stimulate the tissue regenerative process through the release of chemotactics factors. The use of autologous PRP, consolidated as an important biomaterial in additive manufacturing processes (3D printing), promotes great advances in the context of regenerative medicine. In this sense, the search for biodegradable, stable and versatile materials, has found in natural polymers, such as gelatin and alginate, attractive physicochemical properties for the construction of matrices (scaffolds) that provide support and preservation of physicochemical aspects of PRP and a favorable environment for cell migration during tissue regeneration processes. Thus, the prospect of a biological wound dressing printing process, composed of a polymeric alginate/gelatin gel associated with PRP, obtained from digital models of skin ulcers scanned by portable devices, constitutes a potentially promising alternative in terms of tissue engineering and medicine regenerative, being able to support a reproducible and highly viable bioprocess for the establishment of new therapeutic approaches in dermatology. In this scenario, this study proposes an easy-to-operate and functional bioprocess that allows the development of low-cost and minimal immunological risk wound dressings, associating inert and biocompatible polymers with an autologous biological material, generating a feasible product with potential incorporation into the therapeutic routine of private clinics and hospitals and Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS).
Additive manufacturing is a process that has generated advances in basic and applied research, expanding the range of possibilities and accelerating the translation of theoretical models of materials and biomaterials that can be used in different areas of engineering and human medicine, particularly in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine (TERM). In this field, recent studies using platelet-rich plasma (PRP) have shown great therapeutic efficacy in the treatment of difficult-to-heal skin ulcers, with ample capacity to stimulate the tissue regenerative process through the release of chemotactics factors. The use of autologous PRP, consolidated as an important biomaterial in additive manufacturing processes (3D printing), promotes great advances in the context of regenerative medicine. In this sense, the search for biodegradable, stable and versatile materials, has found in natural polymers, such as gelatin and alginate, attractive physicochemical properties for the construction of matrices (scaffolds) that provide support and preservation of physicochemical aspects of PRP and a favorable environment for cell migration during tissue regeneration processes. Thus, the prospect of a biological wound dressing printing process, composed of a polymeric alginate/gelatin gel associated with PRP, obtained from digital models of skin ulcers scanned by portable devices, constitutes a potentially promising alternative in terms of tissue engineering and medicine regenerative, being able to support a reproducible and highly viable bioprocess for the establishment of new therapeutic approaches in dermatology. In this scenario, this study proposes an easy-to-operate and functional bioprocess that allows the development of low-cost and minimal immunological risk wound dressings, associating inert and biocompatible polymers with an autologous biological material, generating a feasible product with potential incorporation into the therapeutic routine of private clinics and hospitals and Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS).
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Palavras-chave
Escaneamento 3D, Modelagem Digital, Impressão 3D, Biofabricação, Scaffold, Curativo Biológico, Biomateriais, Manufatura Aditiva, Medicina Regenerativa, TERM