Avaliação biomecânica de uma nova haste ortogonal com ângulo estável em um modelo de fêmur canino
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Data
2021-08-11
Autores
Lucena, Dayvid Vianêis Farias de
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Vários procedimentos cirúrgicos estão disponíveis na medicina veterinária para estabilizar fraturas. Dentre estes têm-se as hastes intramedulares bloqueadas. No entanto, o uso de hastes na medicina veterinária ainda encontra-se bastante limitado devido à pouca disponibilidade de modelos efetivos. Objetivou-se com este estudo a desenvolvimento e avaliação biomecânica de hastes com interligação rígida entre parafusos posicionados de forma ortogonal em sua porção distal. Para os testes biomecânicos utilizaram-se vinte e um modelos ósseos sintéticos confeccionados em PLA, distribuídos em três grupos. Grupo 1 (hastes bloqueadas convencionais), Grupo 2 (hastes bloqueadas de ângulo estável uniplanar) e Grupo 3 (pelas hastes de ângulo estável ortogonais), sendo o último grupo o foco principal do estudo. Todos os grupos foram submetidos aos testes biomecânicos destrutivos com forças de compressão e torção. Não foram observadas diferenças estatísticas significativas em relação à resistência à torção entre os grupos em testes destrutivos. Diferença estatística nos valores de rigidez foi observada nos testes compressivos entre a haste ortogonal e bloqueada convencional (p=0.01) e também entre a haste uniplanar de ângulo estável e bloqueada (p=0.001). A nova haste ortogonal mostrou-se biomecanicamente similar ao modelo de ângulo estável e uniplanar, e superior à haste convencional.
- Various surgical procedures are available in veterinary medicine to stabilize fractures. Among these there are blocked intramedullary nails. However, some complications have been described, such as plastic deformation in screws and in the nail, with the possibility of breaking one or both items, due to the lack of rigid stabilization between the nail orifice and the screw. The present study aimed at making and evaluating rods with rigid interconnection between screws positioned orthogonally in their distal portion. For biomechanical tests, twenty-one synthetic bone models made from PLA were used, distributed in three groups. Group 1 using conventional blocked rods, group two composed of uniplanar stable angle blocked rods and group 3 formed by orthogonal stable angle rods, which are the main focus of the study. All groups, submitted to destructive biomechanical tests with compression and torsional forces. There were no statistically significant differences in relation to torsion resistance between groups in destructive tests. Statistical differences in stiffness values were observed in the compressive tests between the conventional orthogonal and blocked rod (p = 0.01) and also between the stable and locked uniplanar rod (p = 0.001). The new orthogonal nail proved to be biomechanically similar to the stable and uniplanar angle model, and superior to the conventional nail. Keywords: canines, fracture, surgery
- Various surgical procedures are available in veterinary medicine to stabilize fractures. Among these there are blocked intramedullary nails. However, some complications have been described, such as plastic deformation in screws and in the nail, with the possibility of breaking one or both items, due to the lack of rigid stabilization between the nail orifice and the screw. The present study aimed at making and evaluating rods with rigid interconnection between screws positioned orthogonally in their distal portion. For biomechanical tests, twenty-one synthetic bone models made from PLA were used, distributed in three groups. Group 1 using conventional blocked rods, group two composed of uniplanar stable angle blocked rods and group 3 formed by orthogonal stable angle rods, which are the main focus of the study. All groups, submitted to destructive biomechanical tests with compression and torsional forces. There were no statistically significant differences in relation to torsion resistance between groups in destructive tests. Statistical differences in stiffness values were observed in the compressive tests between the conventional orthogonal and blocked rod (p = 0.01) and also between the stable and locked uniplanar rod (p = 0.001). The new orthogonal nail proved to be biomechanically similar to the stable and uniplanar angle model, and superior to the conventional nail. Keywords: canines, fracture, surgery
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Palavras-chave
Canino, Cirurgia, Fratura, Haste intramedular