Compensador de reativos dinâmicos para zona rural
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Data
2022-01
Autores
Tutihashi, Julyan Hideaki
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Resumo
O trabalho apresenta a montagem, testes e análise de viabilidade de um compensador de potência reativa dinâmica para redes elétricas em propriedades rurais. Em propriedades rurais é comum a utilização de equipamentos elétricos com alto comsumo de energia elétrica e baixo fator de potência por longos períodos de tempo, sendo o principal a bomba de irrigação. É muito comum essas cargas elétricas se localizarem longe dos padrões de entrega de energia ou serem alimentadas por sistemas fotovoltaicos e a redução da corrente, através da correção do fator de potência, permitiria o uso de condutores com bitolas menores e sistemas fotovoltáicos reduzidos. Os testes foram divididos em três partes sendo a primeira delas com uma carga puramente resistiva, a fim de apresentar a precisão do medidor de energia elétrica do compensador em relação a um medidor comercial. A segunda parte foi um teste com uma bomba de poço submersa, que é uma carga indutiva. A terceira parte foi um teste com uma furadeira, que é uma carga não linear. Nas três partes foram estudadas as melhorias com o compensador tanto pelas medições quanto pela forma de onda da tensão, corrente e potência instantânea. Por fim, foram levantados os custos do projeto, as vantagens e desvantagens de se utilizar esse compensador na prática.
This project introduces the assembly, tests and feasibility study of a dynamic reactive power compensator for electrical grid of rural properties. In rural properties is very common the utilization of high-power consumption electrical equipment with low power factor, for long periods of time, in which the most common the irrigation pump. Usually, this type of electrical load is localized far from the power input panel or powered by photovoltaic systems, and a current reduction, by power factor correction, allows the utilization of lower gauge electric conductors and smaller photovoltaic systems. The testes were divided in three parts: the first one was with a pure resistive load to compare the precision of the electricity meter of the compensator with a commercial electricity meter. In the second part, a well pump, which is an inductive load, to study the improvement of the electrical system with the compensation. And in the third part was used a drill, which is a non-linear load. For all three parts was analyzed the measurements and the waveform of voltage, current and instant power. Finally, was calculated the cost of assembling the compensator and the benefits and disadvantages of practical use.
This project introduces the assembly, tests and feasibility study of a dynamic reactive power compensator for electrical grid of rural properties. In rural properties is very common the utilization of high-power consumption electrical equipment with low power factor, for long periods of time, in which the most common the irrigation pump. Usually, this type of electrical load is localized far from the power input panel or powered by photovoltaic systems, and a current reduction, by power factor correction, allows the utilization of lower gauge electric conductors and smaller photovoltaic systems. The testes were divided in three parts: the first one was with a pure resistive load to compare the precision of the electricity meter of the compensator with a commercial electricity meter. In the second part, a well pump, which is an inductive load, to study the improvement of the electrical system with the compensation. And in the third part was used a drill, which is a non-linear load. For all three parts was analyzed the measurements and the waveform of voltage, current and instant power. Finally, was calculated the cost of assembling the compensator and the benefits and disadvantages of practical use.
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Palavras-chave
Consumo de energia na zora rural, Fator de potência, Qualidade da energia elétrica, Energy consumption in rural property, Electrical energy quality, Power factor