Uso de genômica comparativa e ensaios filogenéticos para análise de linhagens de staphylococcus aureus em bovinos e humanos em busca de padrões de virulência específicos e marcadores da mastite
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Data
2022-03-03
Autores
Rodrigues, Romário Alves
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O Staphylococcus aureus é responsável por uma série de infecções nosocomiais e intramamárias, comuns em humanos e bovinos, respectivamente. Soma-se também um grande aparato de virulência, o que o torna um relevante problema à saúde pública e à economia no setor agropecuário. Nesse contexto, a genômica comparativa tem sido usada para compreender as relações epidemiológicas e filogenéticas da espécie. Aqui, investigamos a presença de genes de adesão, de biofilmes, de resistência antimicrobiana e de toxina, a filogenia e a tipagem genética de genomas de S. aureus isolados de bovinos (mastite clínica, mastite subclínica e leite cru/leite a granel) e de humanos (abscessos, infecções de pele e pus) em busca de marcadores genéticos de mastite clínica e subclínica na espécie bovina. Observamos que os genes implicados na adesão cflA, fnbA, ebpS, spa, sdrC, coa, emp, vWF, atl, sasH, sasA e sasF e os genes de toxinas aur, hglA, hglB e hglC estão associados em cepas de mastite clínica. Os resultados também reforçam a importância das proteínas superficiais sasG e fnbB na formação de biofilme, o impacto do uso irracional de antimicrobianos em cepas isoladas de humanos, o potencial zoonótico e a prevalência de diversas origens genéticas de cepas de S. aureus (48 tipos de sequências e 72 tipificações da proteína A, sendo frequentes o ST97, ST8 e ST152 em isolados de mastite clínica, abscesso e infecção de pele, respectivamente). Nossos resultados ilustram possíveis marcadores genéticos que podem ser utilizados no desenvolvimento de vacinas e identificação de estirpes em mastite clínica, bem como compreender as relações entre os processos de adesão, formação de biofilme, resistência antimicrobiana e toxinas.
Staphylococcus aureus is responsible for a series of nosocomial and intramammary infections, common in humans and cattle, respectively. There is also a large virulence apparatus, which makes it a relevant problem for public health and the economy of the agricultural sector. In this context, comparative genomics has been used to understand the epidemiological and phylogenetic relationships of the species. Here, we investigated the presence of adhesins genes, biofilms, antimicrobial resistance, and toxins, the phylogeny, and genetic typing of S. aureus genomes isolated from cattle (clinical mastitis, subclinical mastitis, and raw milk/bulk milk) and of humans (abscesses, skin infections, and pus) in search of genetic markers of clinical and subclinical mastitis of bovines. We observed that the genes involved in adhesion cflA, fnbA, ebpS, spa, sdrC, coa, emp, vWF, atl, sasH, sasA, and sasF, and the toxin genes aur, hglA, hglB, and hglC are associated in clinical mastitis strains. The results also reinforce the importance of surface proteins sasG and fnbB in biofilm formation, the impact of the irrational use of antimicrobials in strains isolated from humans, the zoonotic potential, and the prevalence of diverse genetic origins of S. aureus strains (48 types of sequences and 72 typifications of protein A, with ST97, ST8 and ST152 being frequent in isolates from clinical mastitis, abscess and skin infection, respectively). Our results illustrate possible genetic markers that can be used in vaccine development and strain identification in clinical mastitis, as well as understanding the relationships between adhesion processes, biofilm formation, antimicrobial resistance, and toxins.
Staphylococcus aureus is responsible for a series of nosocomial and intramammary infections, common in humans and cattle, respectively. There is also a large virulence apparatus, which makes it a relevant problem for public health and the economy of the agricultural sector. In this context, comparative genomics has been used to understand the epidemiological and phylogenetic relationships of the species. Here, we investigated the presence of adhesins genes, biofilms, antimicrobial resistance, and toxins, the phylogeny, and genetic typing of S. aureus genomes isolated from cattle (clinical mastitis, subclinical mastitis, and raw milk/bulk milk) and of humans (abscesses, skin infections, and pus) in search of genetic markers of clinical and subclinical mastitis of bovines. We observed that the genes involved in adhesion cflA, fnbA, ebpS, spa, sdrC, coa, emp, vWF, atl, sasH, sasA, and sasF, and the toxin genes aur, hglA, hglB, and hglC are associated in clinical mastitis strains. The results also reinforce the importance of surface proteins sasG and fnbB in biofilm formation, the impact of the irrational use of antimicrobials in strains isolated from humans, the zoonotic potential, and the prevalence of diverse genetic origins of S. aureus strains (48 types of sequences and 72 typifications of protein A, with ST97, ST8 and ST152 being frequent in isolates from clinical mastitis, abscess and skin infection, respectively). Our results illustrate possible genetic markers that can be used in vaccine development and strain identification in clinical mastitis, as well as understanding the relationships between adhesion processes, biofilm formation, antimicrobial resistance, and toxins.
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Filogenia, Infecções, Antimicrobiana, Mastite bovina