Existe associação entre fatores de risco perinatais e a hipomineralização de molares decíduos?
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Data
2022-03-03
Autores
Yupanqui-Barrios, Kasandra Verónica
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Os defeitos de desenvolvimento do esmalte (DDE), como as hipoplasias ou hipomineralizações, também podem ser observados na dentição decídua. A hipomineralização de molares decíduos (HMD) é um padrão de defeitos do tipo hipomineralizado que é caraterizado por deficiências na qualidade do esmalte. Clinicamente podem ser observadas desde opacidades demarcadas até lesões de cárie atípicas ou dentes perdidos. Embora tenham sido realizados diversos estudos na etiologia da HMD, ainda não forma estabelecidas relações causais significativas. Suspeita-se que eventos sistêmicos ou ambientais ocorridos nos períodos pré-natal, perinatal e no primeiro ano de vida possam estar relacionados a esta alteração do esmalte. O objetivo deste estudo foi realizar uma revisão integrativa da literatura para identificar os fatores de risco no período perinatal e sua associação com a presença da hipomineralização de molares decíduos (HMD). Foi realizada uma extensa busca da literatura nas bases de dados PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus e Web of Science. A busca identificou 271 artigos, após remoção dos duplicados e seleção dos artigos de acordo aos critérios de inclusão e exclusão, foram selecionados 6 artigos. Dos artigos analisados, 3 foram estudos de desenho transversal e 3 de coorte, e incluíram informações de fatores pré-natais, perinatais e pós-natais. Finalmente, foram selecionadas e analisadas as informações referentes aos fatores perinatais e sua associação com a HMD. Conclui-se que, os fatores de risco perinatais associados à HMD foram as complicações no parto, complicações no recém-nascido, baixo peso ao nascer, prematuridade e níveis altos de Vitamina D ao nascimento.
Developmental defects of enamel (DDE), such as hypoplasia or hypomineralization, can also be seen in primary teeth. Deciduous molar hypomineralization (DMH) is a pattern of hypomineralized-type defects that is characterized by defects in enamel quality. Clinically, it can be observed from demarcated opacities to atypical caries lesions or teeth lost by DMH. Although several studies have been carried out on the etiology of DMH, significant causal relationships have not yet been established. It is suspected that systemic or environmental events occurring in the prenatal, perinatal and first year of life may be related to this enamel alteration. The aim of this study was to carry out an integrative literature review to identify risk factors in the perinatal period and their association with the presence of deciduous molar hypomineralization (DMH). An extensive literature search was performed in the PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. The search identified 271 articles, after removing duplicates and selecting articles according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 6 articles were selected. Of the articles analyzed, 3 were cross-sectional studies and 3 were cohort studies, and included information on prenatal, perinatal, and postnatal factors. Finally, information regarding perinatal factors and their association with DMH were selected and analyzed. It is concluded that the perinatal risk factors associated with DMH were birth complications, neonatal complications, low birth weight, prematurity, and high levels of Vitamin D at birth.
Developmental defects of enamel (DDE), such as hypoplasia or hypomineralization, can also be seen in primary teeth. Deciduous molar hypomineralization (DMH) is a pattern of hypomineralized-type defects that is characterized by defects in enamel quality. Clinically, it can be observed from demarcated opacities to atypical caries lesions or teeth lost by DMH. Although several studies have been carried out on the etiology of DMH, significant causal relationships have not yet been established. It is suspected that systemic or environmental events occurring in the prenatal, perinatal and first year of life may be related to this enamel alteration. The aim of this study was to carry out an integrative literature review to identify risk factors in the perinatal period and their association with the presence of deciduous molar hypomineralization (DMH). An extensive literature search was performed in the PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. The search identified 271 articles, after removing duplicates and selecting articles according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 6 articles were selected. Of the articles analyzed, 3 were cross-sectional studies and 3 were cohort studies, and included information on prenatal, perinatal, and postnatal factors. Finally, information regarding perinatal factors and their association with DMH were selected and analyzed. It is concluded that the perinatal risk factors associated with DMH were birth complications, neonatal complications, low birth weight, prematurity, and high levels of Vitamin D at birth.
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Palavras-chave
Esmalte dentário, Dente decíduo, Fatores de risco, Dental enamel, Tooth, deciduous, Risk factors