Sistema reprodutor masculino de camarões Dendrobranchiata sob aspectos evolutivos: padrões morfo-histológicos e reconstrução de estado ancestral de caráter
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2020-02-28
Autores
Salti, Fernanda Cristina [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Estudos relacionando a morfologia funcional do sistema reprodutor masculino com a filogenia molecular podem auxiliar na resolução das relações filogenéticas de Dendrobranchiata, permitindo compreender a evolução de diferentes caracteres. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar o sistema reprodutor masculino de várias espécies representantes de todas as famílias de Penaeoidea e Sergestoidea. Adicionalmente, foi realizada a descrição da morfologia do espermatozoide de Sergestoidea, ainda incipiente na literatura e analisada comparativamente com os Penaeoidea descritos na literatura científica. As espécies de Penaeoidea Pleoticus muelleri, Litopenaeus schmitti, Farfantepenaeus brasiliensis, Xiphopenaeus kroyeri, Rimapenaeus constrictus, Artemesia longinaris, Parapenaeus americanus, Sicyonia typica, Sicyonia dorsalis e de Sergestoidea, Belzebub faxoni, Acetes americanus e Acetes petrunkevitchi foram coletadas em Ubatuba-SP. Os Sergestidae Acetes marinus e Acetes paraguayensis, os Penaeoidea Aristaeopsis edwardsiana (Aristeidae) e Benthesicymus sp. (Benthesicymidae) foram obtidos via doação do Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia e do Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo. Para as rotinas de histologia e microscopia eletrônica de transmissão (exceto as amostras dos museus), o sistema reprodutor masculino foi fixado em paraformaldeído 4% e processado para historesina e fixado em solução Karnovsky para inclusão em Epon-Araldite, respectivamente. O filograma foi construído a partir de sequências concatenadas dos genes 16S rDNA e COI. A morfologia do sistema reprodutor masculino está relacionada com a filogenia do grupo. O estado plesiomórfico do vaso deferente parece ser a presença de dois dutos: o acessório e o espermático, sendo classificado como complexo em Aristeidae e Benthesicymidae (grupos irmãos) Penaeini e Solenoceridae (grupos irmãos) e em Sergestidae. A sinapomorfia do clado formado por Parapenaeini, Trachypenaeini e Sicyoniidae é o vaso deferente simples. A glândula acessória presente na região da ampola terminal é um caráter homoplásico. Com os resultados obtidos, podemos verificar padrões morfoanatômicos do sistema reprodutor masculino para cada grupo. Assim, este trabalho norteará os futuros estudos, tornando possível prever qual morfologia do sistema reprodutor masculino será observada nas espécies a serem estudadas. Além disso, este se trata do primeiro trabalho que analisa a história evolutiva do sistema reprodutor masculino em Dendrobranchiata.
Studies about the functional morphology of the male reproductive system utilizing molecular phylogeny can clarify the relationships of Dendrobranchiata, allowing us to understand the evolution of different characters. Thus, the objective of this work was to characterize the male reproductive system of several species in Penaeoidea and Sergestoidea. Additionally, the description of the sperm morphology of Sergestoidea, still incipient in the literature, was analyzed in comparison with the Penaeoidea described in the scientific literature. The species Pleoticus muelleri, Litopenaeus schmitti, Farfantepenaeus brasiliensis, Xiphopenaeus kroyeri, Rimapenaeus constrictus, Artemesia longinaris, Parapenaeus americanus, Sicyonia typica, Sicyonia dorsalis and Sergestoidea species, Belzebub faxoni, Acetes americanus and Acetes petrunkevitchi were collected in Ubatuba-SP. The species Acetes marinus and Acetes paraguayensis, Aristaeopsis edwardsiana (Aristeidae) and Benthesicymus sp. (Benthesicymidae) were obtained via donation from the National Institute of Amazonian Research and the USP Zoology Museum - São Paulo. For routine histology and transmission electron microscopy (except museum samples), the male reproductive system was fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde and processed for historesin and fixed in Karnovsky solution for inclusion in Epon-Araldite. The phylogram was constructed from concatenated sequences of the 16S rDNA and COI genes. The morphology of the male reproductive system is related to the phylogeny of the group. The plesiomorphic state of the vas deferens seems to be the presence of two ducts: the accessory and the spermatic, classified as complex in Aristeidae and Benthesicymidae (sister groups), Penaeini and Solenoceridae (sister groups) and in Sergestidae. The synapomorphy of the clade formed by Parapenaeini, Trachypenaeini and Sicyoniidae was the simple vas deferens. The accessory gland present in the region of the ampulla is a homoplastic character. With the results obtained, we can verify morphoanatomical patterns of the male reproductive system for each group. Thus, this work will guide future studies, making it possible to predict which morphology of the male reproductive system will be observed in the species to be studied. Furthermore, this is the first work that analyzes the evolutionary history of the male reproductive system in Dendrobranchiata.
Studies about the functional morphology of the male reproductive system utilizing molecular phylogeny can clarify the relationships of Dendrobranchiata, allowing us to understand the evolution of different characters. Thus, the objective of this work was to characterize the male reproductive system of several species in Penaeoidea and Sergestoidea. Additionally, the description of the sperm morphology of Sergestoidea, still incipient in the literature, was analyzed in comparison with the Penaeoidea described in the scientific literature. The species Pleoticus muelleri, Litopenaeus schmitti, Farfantepenaeus brasiliensis, Xiphopenaeus kroyeri, Rimapenaeus constrictus, Artemesia longinaris, Parapenaeus americanus, Sicyonia typica, Sicyonia dorsalis and Sergestoidea species, Belzebub faxoni, Acetes americanus and Acetes petrunkevitchi were collected in Ubatuba-SP. The species Acetes marinus and Acetes paraguayensis, Aristaeopsis edwardsiana (Aristeidae) and Benthesicymus sp. (Benthesicymidae) were obtained via donation from the National Institute of Amazonian Research and the USP Zoology Museum - São Paulo. For routine histology and transmission electron microscopy (except museum samples), the male reproductive system was fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde and processed for historesin and fixed in Karnovsky solution for inclusion in Epon-Araldite. The phylogram was constructed from concatenated sequences of the 16S rDNA and COI genes. The morphology of the male reproductive system is related to the phylogeny of the group. The plesiomorphic state of the vas deferens seems to be the presence of two ducts: the accessory and the spermatic, classified as complex in Aristeidae and Benthesicymidae (sister groups), Penaeini and Solenoceridae (sister groups) and in Sergestidae. The synapomorphy of the clade formed by Parapenaeini, Trachypenaeini and Sicyoniidae was the simple vas deferens. The accessory gland present in the region of the ampulla is a homoplastic character. With the results obtained, we can verify morphoanatomical patterns of the male reproductive system for each group. Thus, this work will guide future studies, making it possible to predict which morphology of the male reproductive system will be observed in the species to be studied. Furthermore, this is the first work that analyzes the evolutionary history of the male reproductive system in Dendrobranchiata.
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Espermatozoide, Evolução, Filogenia, Histologia, Taxonomia, Ultraestrutura, Evolution, Histology, Phylogeny, Sperm, Taxonomy, Ultrastructure