Influência da suplementação com probióticos à base de bacilos no desempenho, integridade intestinal e bem-estar de frangos de corte
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Data
2022-04-13
Autores
Jacinto, Andressa Silva
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Objetivou-se com este estudo avaliar a utilização de diferentes probióticos a base de bacilos como alternativa ao uso de antibióticos melhoradores de desempenho, bem como os efeitos na produtividade, integridade intestinal e bem-estar de frangos de corte. Para isso foram utilizadas 2120 aves, machos, linhagem Ross 308 AP, com um dia de idade. Os frangos foram alojados em aviário experimental divido em 40 boxes, sendo alojados 53 animais por boxe. Os tratamentos experimentais consistiram em: Controle positivo (CP) dieta com clorihidroxiquinolina como aditivo melhorador de desempenho; Probiótico A (ProbA) dieta com uma mistura de Bacillus subtilis e Bacillus licheniformis; Probiótico B (ProbB) dieta com adição de Bacillus amyloliquefaciens; e Controle negativo dieta sem nenhum aditivo. Foram avaliadas as características produtivas (desempenho, rendimento de carcaça e partes, eficiência econômica alimentar, e fator de eficiência produtiva); as características locomotoras, comportamentais e indicadores de bem-estar (gait score, pododermatite, latency to lie, miopatia dorsal cranial, testes de apanha e aproximação, produção e expressão gênica de serotonina); características intestinais (altura de vilosidades e profundidade de criptas, largura de vilosidades e relação vilo:cripta) e qualidade de cama. As aves suplementadas com probióticos (ProbA e Prob B) apresentaram melhora significativa no ganho de peso, conversão alimentar, eficiência produtiva e eficiência econômica em comparação com os tratamentos CP e CN. As aves suplementadas com probiótico, em especial o ProbA, apresentaram melhoras em relação as características de bem-estar, estas ficaram mais calmas e menos reativas na presença de estímulos estressores. As aves que receberam suplementação probiótica também apresentaram índices mais altos de serotonina circulante no sangue e maior expressão dos genes 5HTT, SLC6A4 e TPH1. A utilização de probioticos foi capaz de manter a integridade da mucosa intestinal, demonstrado pela profundidade reduzida das criptas intestinais e vilos mais espessos. Conclui-se que a suplementação de uma mistura de Bacillus subtilis e Bacillus licheniformis mostrou-se eficiente como alternativa aos aditivos melhoradores de desempenho, além de auxiliar na manutenção da integridade intestinal e bem-estar das aves.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of different bacilli-based probiotics as an alternative to the use of antibiotic growth promoters (AMD) and their effects on productivity, intestinal integrity and welfare of broilers. For this, 2,120 one-day-old male birds, Ross 308 AP strain were used. These broilers were housed in an experimental aviary, split into 40 boxes, with 53 animals per box. The experimental treatments consisted of: Positive control (PC) diet with chlorihydroxyquinoline as a growth promoter additive; Probiotic A (ProbA) diet with a mixture of Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis; Probiotic B (ProbB) diet with added Bacillus amyloliquefaciens; and Negative control diet without any additives. Production characteristics (performance, carcass and part yield, feed economic efficiency, and production efficiency factor); locomotor and behavioral characteristics and welfare indicators (gait score, pododermatitis, latency to lie, cranial dorsal myopathy, catch and approach tests, serotonin production and gene expression); intestinal characteristics (villus height and crypt depth, villus width and villus:crypt ratio) and litter quality were evaluated. The birds supplemented with probiotic, especially ProbA, showed improvements in relation to the welfare characteristics, they were calmer and less reactive in the presence of stressful stimuli. The birds that received probiotic supplementation also showed higher levels of circulating serotonin in the blood and greater expression of the genes 5HTT, SLC6A4 and TPH1. The use of probiotics was able to maintain the integrity of the intestinal mucosa, demonstrated by the reduced depth of the intestinal crypts and thicker villi. We conclude that the supplementation of a mixture of Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis proved to be efficient as an alternative to performance enhancing additives, besides helping to maintain the intestinal integrity and welfare of the birds.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of different bacilli-based probiotics as an alternative to the use of antibiotic growth promoters (AMD) and their effects on productivity, intestinal integrity and welfare of broilers. For this, 2,120 one-day-old male birds, Ross 308 AP strain were used. These broilers were housed in an experimental aviary, split into 40 boxes, with 53 animals per box. The experimental treatments consisted of: Positive control (PC) diet with chlorihydroxyquinoline as a growth promoter additive; Probiotic A (ProbA) diet with a mixture of Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis; Probiotic B (ProbB) diet with added Bacillus amyloliquefaciens; and Negative control diet without any additives. Production characteristics (performance, carcass and part yield, feed economic efficiency, and production efficiency factor); locomotor and behavioral characteristics and welfare indicators (gait score, pododermatitis, latency to lie, cranial dorsal myopathy, catch and approach tests, serotonin production and gene expression); intestinal characteristics (villus height and crypt depth, villus width and villus:crypt ratio) and litter quality were evaluated. The birds supplemented with probiotic, especially ProbA, showed improvements in relation to the welfare characteristics, they were calmer and less reactive in the presence of stressful stimuli. The birds that received probiotic supplementation also showed higher levels of circulating serotonin in the blood and greater expression of the genes 5HTT, SLC6A4 and TPH1. The use of probiotics was able to maintain the integrity of the intestinal mucosa, demonstrated by the reduced depth of the intestinal crypts and thicker villi. We conclude that the supplementation of a mixture of Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis proved to be efficient as an alternative to performance enhancing additives, besides helping to maintain the intestinal integrity and welfare of the birds.
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Palavras-chave
Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Aditivo melhorador de desempenho, Serotonina, Performance enhancer additive, Serotonin